Jishuukan
Encyclopedia
Jishuukan was the Han school
of Kumamoto, Japan
existing between 1755 and 1870. It was established by Hosokawa Shigekata
, the 6th Hosokawa clan daimyo of Higo Province, Kumamoto, Kumamoto
, inside Kumamoto Castle
and this school is known for producing many noted scholars such as Yokoi Shounan
, Inoue Kowashi
and Kitasato Shibasaburo
.
Han school
The han school was an educational institution in the Edo period of Japan, originally established to educate children of daimyo and their retainers in the domains outside of the capital...
of Kumamoto, Japan
Japan
Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...
existing between 1755 and 1870. It was established by Hosokawa Shigekata
Hosokawa Shigekata
was a daimyo, 6th lord of Kumamoto of Hosokawa clan, noted for successful financial reform of Kumamoto Domain, for establishing Jishuukan Han school, Han Medical School Saishunkan and new ideas of criminal law.-Early life :...
, the 6th Hosokawa clan daimyo of Higo Province, Kumamoto, Kumamoto
Kumamoto, Kumamoto
is the capital city of Kumamoto Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, Japan. Greater Kumamoto has a population of 1,460,000, as of the 2000 census...
, inside Kumamoto Castle
Kumamoto Castle
is a hilltop Japanese castle located in Kumamoto in Kumamoto Prefecture. It was a large and extremely well fortified castle. The is a concrete reconstruction built in 1960, but several ancillary wooden buildings remain of the original castle. Kumamoto Castle is considered one of the three premier...
and this school is known for producing many noted scholars such as Yokoi Shounan
Yokoi Shounan
; was a Bakumatsu and early Meiji period scholar and political reformer in Japan, influential around the fall of the Tokugawa bakufu. His real name was Yokoi Tokiari.- Life and career :...
, Inoue Kowashi
Inoue Kowashi
Viscount was a statesman in Meiji period Japan.- Early life :Inoue was born into a samurai family in Higo Province , as the third son of Karō Iida Gongobei. In 1866 Kowashi was adopted by Inoue Shigesaburō, another retainer of the Nagaoka daimyō...
and Kitasato Shibasaburo
Kitasato Shibasaburō
Baron was a Japanese physician and bacteriologist. He is remembered as the co-discoverer of the infectious agent of bubonic plague in Hong Kong in 1894, almost simultaneously with Alexandre Yersin.-Biography:...
.
Other Jishuukan
- There have been other Jishuukans. They include Jishuukans of Mikawa Yoshida HanHan-China:* China , an abbreviation or adjectival modifier for things Chinese* Han Chinese , the dominant majority ethnic group of China and overseas Chinese...
, Ohtahara HanHan-China:* China , an abbreviation or adjectival modifier for things Chinese* Han Chinese , the dominant majority ethnic group of China and overseas Chinese...
, Kasama HanHan-China:* China , an abbreviation or adjectival modifier for things Chinese* Han Chinese , the dominant majority ethnic group of China and overseas Chinese...
, Daiseiji HanHan-China:* China , an abbreviation or adjectival modifier for things Chinese* Han Chinese , the dominant majority ethnic group of China and overseas Chinese...
and Sakurai HanHan-China:* China , an abbreviation or adjectival modifier for things Chinese* Han Chinese , the dominant majority ethnic group of China and overseas Chinese...
.
Origin of the name
- It came from the Analects of Confucius, that study and at times learn. The same name is given to many other schools of Han of Han system.
Origin of the school
- After the successful financial reform of KumamotoHanHan-China:* China , an abbreviation or adjectival modifier for things Chinese* Han Chinese , the dominant majority ethnic group of China and overseas Chinese...
, Hosokawa ShigekataHosokawa Shigekatawas a daimyo, 6th lord of Kumamoto of Hosokawa clan, noted for successful financial reform of Kumamoto Domain, for establishing Jishuukan Han school, Han Medical School Saishunkan and new ideas of criminal law.-Early life :...
started a unique school in the Edo era; it was open to any class of people, if admission was recognized, not only in Kumamoto people but also in other countries, with schlarships. There was no such system in other Han schools at this time.
Other schools
- At the most popular period, 255 schools were established in the Edo era, almost in every HanHan-China:* China , an abbreviation or adjectival modifier for things Chinese* Han Chinese , the dominant majority ethnic group of China and overseas Chinese...
or local country. Other famous schools of HanHan-China:* China , an abbreviation or adjectival modifier for things Chinese* Han Chinese , the dominant majority ethnic group of China and overseas Chinese...
were Nisshinkan of Aizu, Kohjohkan of Yonezawa, Kohdohkan of Mito, MeirinkanMeirinkanwas a han school located in the Chōshū Domain of Japan. The school was one of the three major educational institutions in Japan, along with the Kōdōkan in Mito Domain and Shizutani School in Okayama Domain.- History :...
of Choshu, Shin-yukan of Nakatsu, Kohdohkan of Saga, Zohshikan of Satsuma were known, in addition to Jishuukan.- A neo-Confusionist from Satsuma domain was asked to build a school and asked the Jishuukan to observe the lessons. He was shown archery, equestrianismEquestrianismEquestrianism more often known as riding, horseback riding or horse riding refers to the skill of riding, driving, or vaulting with horses...
, fencing, SojutsuSojutsu, meaning "art of the spear" is the Japanese martial art of fighting with the Japanese .-Origins:Although the spear had a profound role in early Japanese mythology, where the islands of Japan themselves were said to be created by salt water dripping from the tip of a spear, as a weapon the first...
, and then interpretation and poems and literature, in the order of importance.
- A neo-Confusionist from Satsuma domain was asked to build a school and asked the Jishuukan to observe the lessons. He was shown archery, equestrianism
Location of Jishuukan and Subjects
- Jishuukan was conveniently located at Ninomaru, 25 ken (45 meters) from east to west and 75 ken (135 meters) from south to north, with an eastern gate and western gate. Rooms for study were in the northern part, while in the southern part, defense arts were exercised.
- Learning at the Jishuukan was basically following Neo-Confucian in China, ;Zhū Xī or Chu Hsi (朱熹, October 18, 1130, Youxi, Fujian province, China – April 23, 1200, China).
- Subjects in the rooms were: Four Books and Five ClassicsFour Books and Five ClassicsThe Four Books and Five Classics are the authoritative books of Confucianism in China written before 300 BC.-Four Books:The Four Books are Chinese classic texts illustrating the core value and belief systems in Confucianism...
from ChinaChinaChinese civilization may refer to:* China for more general discussion of the country.* Chinese culture* Greater China, the transnational community of ethnic Chinese.* History of China* Sinosphere, the area historically affected by Chinese culture...
, Han learningHan learningHan Learning , or the Han school of classical philology, was an intellectual movement that reached its height in the mid-Qing dynasty in China.-Nature and origins:...
, East Asian calligraphyEast Asian calligraphyEast Asian calligraphy is a form of calligraphy widely practised and revered in the Sinosphere. This most often includes China, Japan, Korea, and Vietnam. The East Asian calligraphic tradition originated and developed from China. There is a general standardization of the various styles of...
, preparation for ceremonies, mathematics, music, the study of PrecedentPrecedentIn common law legal systems, a precedent or authority is a principle or rule established in a legal case that a court or other judicial body may apply when deciding subsequent cases with similar issues or facts...
. - Bodily Exercises are also needed:EquestrianismEquestrianismEquestrianism more often known as riding, horseback riding or horse riding refers to the skill of riding, driving, or vaulting with horses...
, BattojutsuBattojutsuis a Japanese term meaning techniques for engaging a sword. It is often used interchangeably with the terms iaijutsu, battōdō, or iaidō, although each term does have nuances in the Japanese language and different schools of Japanese martial arts may use them to differentiate between techniques...
, NaginatajutsuNaginatajutsuis the Japanese martial art of wielding the . This is a weapon resembling the medieval European glaive. Most naginatajutsu practiced today is in a modernized form, a gendai budō, in which competitions also are held.-Debated origins:...
, SojutsuSojutsu, meaning "art of the spear" is the Japanese martial art of fighting with the Japanese .-Origins:Although the spear had a profound role in early Japanese mythology, where the islands of Japan themselves were said to be created by salt water dripping from the tip of a spear, as a weapon the first...
, HojutsuHojutsu, the art of gunnery, is the martial art of Japan dedicated to firearms usage.-Schools:* Inatomi-ryū* Geki-ryū* Ogino-ryū* Tanegashima-ryū* Tatsuke-ryū* Seki-ryū* Bue-ryū* Morishige-ryū* Yō-ryū* Takashima-ryū-External links:* www.hojutsu.com...