Johan Christopher Ræder (1782–1853)
Encyclopedia
Johan Christopher Ræder was a Norwegian
Norway
Norway , officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic unitary constitutional monarchy whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula, Jan Mayen, and the Arctic archipelago of Svalbard and Bouvet Island. Norway has a total area of and a population of about 4.9 million...

 military officer. He was of German and Danish descent, and partly served in the Danish army.

Personal life

He was born in Copenhagen
Copenhagen
Copenhagen is the capital and largest city of Denmark, with an urban population of 1,199,224 and a metropolitan population of 1,930,260 . With the completion of the transnational Øresund Bridge in 2000, Copenhagen has become the centre of the increasingly integrating Øresund Region...

 as a son of Johan Georg Ræder
Johan Georg Ræder (1751–1808)
Johan Georg Ræder was a Norwegian military officer.-Personal life:He was born in Meldal as a son of Johan Christopher Rhäder and his second wife Cathrine Margrethe Riiber. He was the grandson of Johan Georg Rhäder, the person who immigrated to Norway and started the family branch there...

 (1751–1808). The family soon moved to Romsdal
Romsdal
Romsdal is the name of a traditional district in the Norwegian county Møre og Romsdal, located between Nordmøre and Sunnmøre. The district of Romsdal comprises Aukra, Fræna, Midsund, Molde, Nesset, Rauma, Sandøy, and Vestnes. It is named for the valley of Romsdalen, which covers part of Rauma.The...

, where he grew up. He was the great-grandson of Johan Georg Rhäder, the person who immigrated to Norway and started the family branch there. He was also a brother of Nicolai Ditlev Amund Ræder, Johan Philip Thomas Ræder and Jacob Thode Ræder. In November 1810 in Hals
Hals, Denmark
Hals is a harbour and tourist town with a population of 2,521 in Region Nordjylland's Aalborg Municipality on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark.-References:...

 he married Kaja Munch (1794–1874), daughter of the Danish major Ole Munch. They had the children Jacques Ræder
Jacques Ræder
Hans Jacob "Jacques" Theodor Wilhelm Ræder was a Norwegian military officer.He was born in Trondhjem as a son of Johan Christopher Ræder and Kaja Munch. He was a grandson of Johan Georg Ræder, brother of Nicolai Ditlev Ammon Ræder, Johan Georg Ræder, and Ole Munch Ræder, and an uncle of Anton...

, Ole Munch Ræder
Ole Munch Ræder
Ole Munch Ræder was a Norwegian jurist and diplomatist. He was born in Kongsvinger. He was consul for Sweden-Norway at Malta from 1861 to 1869, in Alexandria from 1869 to 1871, at Malta from 1871 to 1874, and in Hamburg from 1874 to 1891. He was Commander, First Class of the Order of St. Olav and...

, Nicolai Ditlev Ammon Ræder
Nicolai Ditlev Ammon Ræder
Nicolai Ditlev Ammon Ræder was a Norwegian jurist and politician.A jurist by education, he worked as a civil servant in various government ministries, and as a fut in Hallingdal....

 and Johan Georg Ræder
Georg Ræder
Johan Georg Ræder was a Norwegian military officer, railway pioneer and politician. He was a driving force in the construction of Norways first railway line, the Hoved Line from Christiania to Eidsvoll, which opened in 1854.-Personal life:Ræder was born in Kongsvinger as the son of Johan...

. Through Nicolai he was the paternal grandfather of Anton Henrik Ræder
Anton Ræder
Anton Henrik Ræder was a Norwegian philologist and historian. He was born in Christiania. He was rector of Oslo Cathedral School from 1907 to 1927. He has been portrayed by Johan Nordhagen and Gustav Vigeland . He was Knight, First Class of the Order of St...

 and Johan Christopher Ræder
Johan Christopher Ræder
Johan Christopher Ræder was a Norwegian military officer.He was born in Nes, Buskerud as a son of Nicolai Ditlev Ammon Ræder and Hanna Scheel. He was a brother of Anton Henrik Ræder, a grandson of Johan Christopher Ræder and a nephew of Johan Georg Ræder, Ole Munch Ræder and Jacques Ræder...

. Through his Danish brothers he was an uncle of Carl Gustav Valdemar Ræder
Carl Gustav Valdemar Ræder
Carl Gustav Valdemar Ræder was a Danish farmer and writer.He was born in Copenhagen as a son of Colonel Jacob Thode Ræder...

, Johan Georg Frederik Ræder
Johan Georg Frederik Ræder
Johan Georg Frederik Ræder was a Danish civil servant and writer.He was born in Copenhagen as a son of Colonel Jacob Thode Ræder...

 and Oscar Alexander Ræder
Oscar Alexander Ræder
Oscar Alexander Ræder was a Danish writer.He was born in Copenhagen as a son of Colonel Jacob Thode Ræder...

 and a granduncle of Hans Henning Ræder.

Career

He took his military education in Copenhagen, and an engineer's examination in 1805. He served in the Royal Danish Army
Royal Danish Army
The Royal Danish Army is the land warfare branch of the Danish Defence Forces, together with the Danish Home Guard.For the last decade, the Royal Danish Army has undergone a massive transformation of structures, equipment and training methods, abandoning its traditional role of anti-invasion...

, from 1802 to 1805 in the Crown Prince Regiment, and from 1805 to 1809 in the Engineer Corps in Rendsborg. He served in the General Command in Jutland
Jutland
Jutland , historically also called Cimbria, is the name of the peninsula that juts out in Northern Europe toward the rest of Scandinavia, forming the mainland part of Denmark. It has the North Sea to its west, Kattegat and Skagerrak to its north, the Baltic Sea to its east, and the Danish–German...

 from 1809 and in Norway from January 1810. He served as an engineer officer at Kongsvinger Fortress
Kongsvinger Fortress
Kongsvinger Fortress is located in the city and municipality of Kongsvinger in the county of Hedmark, Norway. It is situated on a hill west and north of the Glomma river, standing astride the ancient Vinger Royal Road, which connected Norway and Värmland, Sweden as well as on the north-south...

, and fought in the Swedish campaign against Norway (1814)
Swedish campaign against Norway (1814)
The Swedish-Norwegian War, also known as the Campaign against Norway, was fought between Sweden and Norway in the summer of 1814. The war resulted in Norway entering into union with Sweden, but with its own constitution and parliament.-Background:...

. He served in Kristiania
Oslo
Oslo is a municipality, as well as the capital and most populous city in Norway. As a municipality , it was established on 1 January 1838. Founded around 1048 by King Harald III of Norway, the city was largely destroyed by fire in 1624. The city was moved under the reign of Denmark–Norway's King...

 from 1815 to 1818, and in Trondhjem
Trondheim
Trondheim , historically, Nidaros and Trondhjem, is a city and municipality in Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. With a population of 173,486, it is the third most populous municipality and city in the country, although the fourth largest metropolitan area. It is the administrative centre of...

 from 1818 to 1842. He was also manager of the engineer education at the Norwegian Military College
Norwegian Military College
The Norwegian Military College was a military educational institution in Norway.It was established on 16 February 1817, with headquarters at Akershus Fortress...

 from 1817 to 1818, and acting board member of the college from 1844 to 1845. He reached the rank of Second Lieutenant in 1803, Captain in 1809/1810, Major in 1818, Lieutenant Colonel in 1828 and Colonel in 1842.

After Norway's independence from Denmark in 1814
Norway in 1814
1814 was a pivotal year in the history of Norway. It started with Norway in a union with the Kingdom of Denmark subject to a naval blockade being ceded to the king of Sweden. In May a constitutional convention declared Norway an independent kingdom. By the end of the year the Norwegian parliament...

 he experienced a personal crisis, since he was faced with giving up the allegiance to Denmark. He resigned from the Norwegian service, but retracted the resignation. He was even elected to the first session of the Parliament of Norway in 1814. He was later re-elected in 1815, representing the constituency of Hedemarkens Amt
Hedmark
is a county in Norway, bordering Sør-Trøndelag, Oppland and Akershus. The county administration is in Hamar.Hedmark makes up the northeastern part of Østlandet, the southeastern part of the country. It includes a long part of the borderline with Sweden, Dalarna County and Värmland County. The...

.
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