Johann Friedrich Horner
Encyclopedia
Johann Friedrich Horner was an ophthalmologist
based at the University of Zurich
, Switzerland
.
After receiving his medical degree from the University of Zurich
in 1854, Horner continued his studies in Vienna
and Berlin
. While in Berlin, he was an assistant to the renowned ophthalmologist Albrecht von Graefe (1828-1870). It was during this time that Horner decided to become an ophthalmologist himself. He returned to Zurich in 1856, and later opened his own eye clinic named Hottinghof.
Horner became a full professor of ophthalmology in 1873. After his death in 1886, his position at the University of Zurich
was filled by Otto Haab
(1850-1931).
Horner's syndrome
, a disorder of the sympathetic nervous system
, is named after him, following his description of the condition in 1869. His name is also associated with "Horner's muscle", which is the lacrimal
portion of the orbicularis oculi muscle
, and sometimes known as the "tensor tarsi muscle". In his career, Horner published approximately 40 papers on eye disorders.
Ophthalmology
Ophthalmology is the branch of medicine that deals with the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eye. An ophthalmologist is a specialist in medical and surgical eye problems...
based at the University of Zurich
University of Zurich
The University of Zurich , located in the city of Zurich, is the largest university in Switzerland, with over 25,000 students. It was founded in 1833 from the existing colleges of theology, law, medicine and a new faculty of philosophy....
, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
After receiving his medical degree from the University of Zurich
University of Zurich
The University of Zurich , located in the city of Zurich, is the largest university in Switzerland, with over 25,000 students. It was founded in 1833 from the existing colleges of theology, law, medicine and a new faculty of philosophy....
in 1854, Horner continued his studies in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
and Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
. While in Berlin, he was an assistant to the renowned ophthalmologist Albrecht von Graefe (1828-1870). It was during this time that Horner decided to become an ophthalmologist himself. He returned to Zurich in 1856, and later opened his own eye clinic named Hottinghof.
Horner became a full professor of ophthalmology in 1873. After his death in 1886, his position at the University of Zurich
University of Zurich
The University of Zurich , located in the city of Zurich, is the largest university in Switzerland, with over 25,000 students. It was founded in 1833 from the existing colleges of theology, law, medicine and a new faculty of philosophy....
was filled by Otto Haab
Otto Haab
Otto Haab was a Swiss ophthalmologist who was a native of Wülflingen, which today is a district in the city of Winterthur. In 1875 he obtained his doctorate from the University of Zurich, where, as a student, he was an assistant to Karl Joseph Eberth in pathological anatomy...
(1850-1931).
Horner's syndrome
Horner's syndrome
Horner's syndrome is the combination of drooping of the eyelid and constriction of the pupil , sometimes accompanied by decreased sweating of the face on the same side; redness of the conjunctiva of the eye is often also present...
, a disorder of the sympathetic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system is one of the three parts of the autonomic nervous system, along with the enteric and parasympathetic systems. Its general action is to mobilize the body's nervous system fight-or-flight response...
, is named after him, following his description of the condition in 1869. His name is also associated with "Horner's muscle", which is the lacrimal
Lacrimal
The term Lacrimal can refer to:*In typography:** A type of Stroke ending *In anatomy** Lacrimal apparatus** Lacrimal artery** Lacrimal bone...
portion of the orbicularis oculi muscle
Orbicularis oculi muscle
The orbicularis oculi is a muscle in the face that closes the eyelids. It arises from the nasal part of the frontal bone, from the frontal process of the maxilla in front of the lacrimal groove, and from the anterior surface and borders of a short fibrous band, the medial palpebral ligament.From...
, and sometimes known as the "tensor tarsi muscle". In his career, Horner published approximately 40 papers on eye disorders.