Johann Gerhard Meuschen
Encyclopedia
Johann Gerhard Meuschen was a German Lutheran theologian born in Osnabrück
. He was the father of conchologist Friedrich Christian Meuschen
.
He studied theology and Oriental languages
at the University of Jena, and in 1703 became an associate professor of philosophy
at the University of Kiel
. Afterwards he served as a minister in Osnabrück
(1705), the Hague
(1707) and Hanau
(1716). In 1723 he moved to Coburg
, where he was appointed community Kirchenrath, and taught classes in theology
at the Gymnasium
. He worked in Coburg for the remainder of his life.
Among his numerous publications was a 1736 compilation titled Novum Testamentum ex Talmude et antiquitatibus Hebraeorum illustratum, which was a collection of studies that examined the relationship between the New Testament
and the Talmud
and other Jewish writings. Meuschen was an outspoken opponent of Jesuitism
. In 1707 he released an anti-Jesuit pamphlet titled Nugae venales Rullenses, which was publicly condemned and burned. Other noted works by Meuschen include:
Osnabrück
Osnabrück is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany, some 80 km NNE of Dortmund, 45 km NE of Münster, and some 100 km due west of Hanover. It lies in a valley penned between the Wiehen Hills and the northern tip of the Teutoburg Forest...
. He was the father of conchologist Friedrich Christian Meuschen
Friedrich Christian Meuschen
Friedrich Christian Meuschen was a German diplomat and conchologist born in Hanau. He was the son of theologian Johann Gerhard Meuschen ....
.
He studied theology and Oriental languages
Oriental studies
Oriental studies is the academic field of study that embraces Near Eastern and Far Eastern societies and cultures, languages, peoples, history and archaeology; in recent years the subject has often been turned into the newer terms of Asian studies and Middle Eastern studies...
at the University of Jena, and in 1703 became an associate professor of philosophy
Philosophy
Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems, such as those connected with existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. Philosophy is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational...
at the University of Kiel
University of Kiel
The University of Kiel is a university in the city of Kiel, Germany. It was founded in 1665 as the Academia Holsatorum Chiloniensis by Christian Albert, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp and has approximately 23,000 students today...
. Afterwards he served as a minister in Osnabrück
Osnabrück
Osnabrück is a city in Lower Saxony, Germany, some 80 km NNE of Dortmund, 45 km NE of Münster, and some 100 km due west of Hanover. It lies in a valley penned between the Wiehen Hills and the northern tip of the Teutoburg Forest...
(1705), the Hague
The Hague
The Hague is the capital city of the province of South Holland in the Netherlands. With a population of 500,000 inhabitants , it is the third largest city of the Netherlands, after Amsterdam and Rotterdam...
(1707) and Hanau
Hanau
Hanau is a town in the Main-Kinzig-Kreis, in Hesse, Germany. It is located 25 km east of Frankfurt am Main. Its station is a major railway junction.- Geography :...
(1716). In 1723 he moved to Coburg
Coburg
Coburg is a town located on the Itz River in Bavaria, Germany. Its 2005 population was 42,015. Long one of the Thuringian states of the Wettin line, it joined with Bavaria by popular vote in 1920...
, where he was appointed community Kirchenrath, and taught classes in theology
Theology
Theology is the systematic and rational study of religion and its influences and of the nature of religious truths, or the learned profession acquired by completing specialized training in religious studies, usually at a university or school of divinity or seminary.-Definition:Augustine of Hippo...
at the Gymnasium
Gymnasium (school)
A gymnasium is a type of school providing secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar schools or sixth form colleges and U.S. college preparatory high schools. The word γυμνάσιον was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual...
. He worked in Coburg for the remainder of his life.
Among his numerous publications was a 1736 compilation titled Novum Testamentum ex Talmude et antiquitatibus Hebraeorum illustratum, which was a collection of studies that examined the relationship between the New Testament
New Testament
The New Testament is the second major division of the Christian biblical canon, the first such division being the much longer Old Testament....
and the Talmud
Talmud
The Talmud is a central text of mainstream Judaism. It takes the form of a record of rabbinic discussions pertaining to Jewish law, ethics, philosophy, customs and history....
and other Jewish writings. Meuschen was an outspoken opponent of Jesuitism
Jesuitism
Jesuitism is a label given to particular casuistic approach to moral questions and problems often described by the adjective jesuitical, so called because it was promoted by some Jesuits of the 17th century rather than being the beliefs of the Society of Jesus as a religious order...
. In 1707 he released an anti-Jesuit pamphlet titled Nugae venales Rullenses, which was publicly condemned and burned. Other noted works by Meuschen include:
- Heilige Moralien über die Passion, 1726
- Ceremonialia electionis Pontificum Romanorum, 1731
- Postilla mystica evangelica das ist: der geheime geistliche sinn der Sonn- und Festtags- Evangelien..., 1733
- Vitae Summorum Dignitate Et Ervditione Virorum Ex Rarissimis Monumentis Literato Orbi Restitutae, (1735-41, four parts)
- Madonna et Santa Casa di Loretto, oder die Liebe Frau und das Heil-Hauss zu Loretto