Johann Philipp Stadion, Count von Warthausen
Encyclopedia
Johann Philipp Carl Joseph, Graf von Stadion-Warthausen (18 June 1763 – 15 May 1824). Born in Mainz
, he was a statesman, foreign minister, and diplomat who served the Habsburg
empire during the Napoleonic Wars
. He was also founder of the Austrian National Bank. Johann Philip was Count of Stadion-Warthausen
1787–1806.
In 1787–1790, he was ambassador in Stockholm
, then in London
from 1790–1793. After some years of retirement he was entrusted with a mission to the Prussia
n court (1800–1803), where he endeavoured in vain to effect an alliance with Austria. He had greater success as envoy at St Petersburg (1803–1805), where he played a large part in the formation of the third coalition against Napoleon (1805). Notwithstanding the failure of this alliance, he was made foreign minister, and in conjunction with Archduke Charles of Austria pursued a policy of quiet preparation for a fresh trial of strength with France.
In 1808 he abandoned the policy of procrastination, and with the help of Metternich
hastened the outbreak of a new war. The unfortunate results of the campaign of 1809 compelled his resignation; but in 1813 he was commissioned to negotiate the convention which finally overthrew Napoleon. The historian Robert A. Kann called him "a man of outstanding gifts, perhaps the foremost diplomat in imperial Austrian history" (A History of the Habsburg Empire, 1526-1918, p. 211).
The last ten years of his life were spent in a strenuous and partly successful attempt to reorganize the disordered finances of his country. As minister of finance (1815–1824), he founded the Austrian National Bank
in 1816.
He died in Baden, Austria
; his son, Franz Stadion, Count von Warthausen
, was a prominent liberal statesman of the 1840s.
Mainz
Mainz under the Holy Roman Empire, and previously was a Roman fort city which commanded the west bank of the Rhine and formed part of the northernmost frontier of the Roman Empire...
, he was a statesman, foreign minister, and diplomat who served the Habsburg
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg , also found as Hapsburg, and also known as House of Austria is one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian Empire and...
empire during the Napoleonic Wars
Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars were a series of wars declared against Napoleon's French Empire by opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionised European armies and played out on an unprecedented scale, mainly due to...
. He was also founder of the Austrian National Bank. Johann Philip was Count of Stadion-Warthausen
Stadion-Warthausen
Stadion-Warthausen was a County located in around Warthausen in western Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Stadion-Warthausen was a partition of Stadion County, and was mediatised to Austria and Württemberg in 1806.-Counts of Stadion-Warthausen:...
1787–1806.
In 1787–1790, he was ambassador in Stockholm
Stockholm
Stockholm is the capital and the largest city of Sweden and constitutes the most populated urban area in Scandinavia. Stockholm is the most populous city in Sweden, with a population of 851,155 in the municipality , 1.37 million in the urban area , and around 2.1 million in the metropolitan area...
, then in London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
from 1790–1793. After some years of retirement he was entrusted with a mission to the Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
n court (1800–1803), where he endeavoured in vain to effect an alliance with Austria. He had greater success as envoy at St Petersburg (1803–1805), where he played a large part in the formation of the third coalition against Napoleon (1805). Notwithstanding the failure of this alliance, he was made foreign minister, and in conjunction with Archduke Charles of Austria pursued a policy of quiet preparation for a fresh trial of strength with France.
In 1808 he abandoned the policy of procrastination, and with the help of Metternich
Klemens Wenzel von Metternich
Prince Klemens Wenzel von Metternich was a German-born Austrian politician and statesman and was one of the most important diplomats of his era...
hastened the outbreak of a new war. The unfortunate results of the campaign of 1809 compelled his resignation; but in 1813 he was commissioned to negotiate the convention which finally overthrew Napoleon. The historian Robert A. Kann called him "a man of outstanding gifts, perhaps the foremost diplomat in imperial Austrian history" (A History of the Habsburg Empire, 1526-1918, p. 211).
The last ten years of his life were spent in a strenuous and partly successful attempt to reorganize the disordered finances of his country. As minister of finance (1815–1824), he founded the Austrian National Bank
Oesterreichische Nationalbank
The Oesterreichische Nationalbank is the central bank of the Republic of Austria and, as such, an integral part of both the European System of Central Banks and the Eurozone. In the public interest, the OeNB contributes to monetary and economic policy decision-making in Austria and in the Euro area...
in 1816.
He died in Baden, Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
; his son, Franz Stadion, Count von Warthausen
Franz Stadion, Count von Warthausen
Franz Stadion, Graf von Warthausen , son of the Austrian diplomat Johann Philipp von Stadion. Born in Vienna, he was a statesman who served the Austrian Empire during the 1840s...
, was a prominent liberal statesman of the 1840s.