John Caillaud
Encyclopedia
Brigadier-General John Caillaud (5 February 1726 – December 1812) was Commander-in-Chief, India
.
in 1743. In 1746, during the Jacobite Rebellion
, he took part in the Battle of Falkirk
and the Battle of Culloden
. In 1752 he was made a Captain
in the Madras Army
. During the Seven Year's War he was involved with skirmishes with the French
.
In 1759 he was made Commander
of the Bengal Army
. Edmund Burke
later claimed that Caillaud had set three official seals to document expressing an intent to kill the Maghul Crown Prince, allegations that Caillaud strongly denied.
He subsequently became Commander
of the Madras Army
in which capacity he negotiated a treat with Nazim Ali
which guaranteed Nazim Ali military support in return for occupation of certain lands by the East India Company
.
In 1775 he retired to Aston Rowant
in Oxfordshire
and died in December 1812.
Commander-in-Chief, India
During the period of the British Raj, the Commander-in-Chief, India was the supreme commander of the Indian Army. The Commander-in-Chief and most of his staff were based at General Headquarters, India, and liaised with the civilian Governor-General of India...
.
Military career
Caillaud was commissioned into Onslow's Regiment8th (The King's) Regiment of Foot
The 8th Regiment of Foot, also referred to diminutively as the 8th Foot and the King's, was an infantry regiment of the British Army, formed in 1685 and retitled the King's on 1 July 1881....
in 1743. In 1746, during the Jacobite Rebellion
Jacobite rising
The Jacobite Risings were a series of uprisings, rebellions, and wars in Great Britain and Ireland occurring between 1688 and 1746. The uprisings were aimed at returning James VII of Scotland and II of England, and later his descendants of the House of Stuart, to the throne after he was deposed by...
, he took part in the Battle of Falkirk
Battle of Falkirk (1746)
During the Second Jacobite Rising, the Battle of Falkirk Muir was the last noteworthy Jacobite success.-Background:...
and the Battle of Culloden
Battle of Culloden
The Battle of Culloden was the final confrontation of the 1745 Jacobite Rising. Taking place on 16 April 1746, the battle pitted the Jacobite forces of Charles Edward Stuart against an army commanded by William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, loyal to the British government...
. In 1752 he was made a Captain
Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)
Captain is a junior officer rank of the British Army and Royal Marines. It ranks above Lieutenant and below Major and has a NATO ranking code of OF-2. The rank is equivalent to a Lieutenant in the Royal Navy and to a Flight Lieutenant in the Royal Air Force...
in the Madras Army
Madras Army
The Madras Army was the army of the Presidency of Madras, one of the three presidencies of the British India within the British Empire.The presidency armies, like the presidencies themselves, belonged to the East India Company until the Government of India Act 1858 transferred all three...
. During the Seven Year's War he was involved with skirmishes with the French
French Army
The French Army, officially the Armée de Terre , is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces.As of 2010, the army employs 123,100 regulars, 18,350 part-time reservists and 7,700 Legionnaires. All soldiers are professionals, following the suspension of conscription, voted in...
.
In 1759 he was made Commander
Commander-in-Chief, India
During the period of the British Raj, the Commander-in-Chief, India was the supreme commander of the Indian Army. The Commander-in-Chief and most of his staff were based at General Headquarters, India, and liaised with the civilian Governor-General of India...
of the Bengal Army
Bengal Army
The Bengal Army was the army of the Presidency of Bengal, one of the three Presidencies of British India, in South Asia. Although based in Bengal in eastern India, the presidency stretched across northern India and the Himalayas all the way to the North West Frontier Province...
. Edmund Burke
Edmund Burke
Edmund Burke PC was an Irish statesman, author, orator, political theorist and philosopher who, after moving to England, served for many years in the House of Commons of Great Britain as a member of the Whig party....
later claimed that Caillaud had set three official seals to document expressing an intent to kill the Maghul Crown Prince, allegations that Caillaud strongly denied.
He subsequently became Commander
Commander
Commander is a naval rank which is also sometimes used as a military title depending on the individual customs of a given military service. Commander is also used as a rank or title in some organizations outside of the armed forces, particularly in police and law enforcement.-Commander as a naval...
of the Madras Army
Madras Army
The Madras Army was the army of the Presidency of Madras, one of the three presidencies of the British India within the British Empire.The presidency armies, like the presidencies themselves, belonged to the East India Company until the Government of India Act 1858 transferred all three...
in which capacity he negotiated a treat with Nazim Ali
Najimuddin Ali Khan
Sayyid Najimuddin Ali Khan , formally known as Sujah-ul-Mulk Najimuddaula Nawab Nazim Najimuddin Ali Khan Bahadur Mahabat Jang, was Nawab of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa from 1765 to 1766. He was the son of Mir Jafar with his third wife Muni Begum...
which guaranteed Nazim Ali military support in return for occupation of certain lands by the East India Company
East India Company
The East India Company was an early English joint-stock company that was formed initially for pursuing trade with the East Indies, but that ended up trading mainly with the Indian subcontinent and China...
.
In 1775 he retired to Aston Rowant
Aston Rowant
Aston Rowant is a village and civil parish about south of Thame in South Oxfordshire, England. The parish includes the villages of Aston Rowant and Kingston Blount, and adjoins Buckinghamshire to the southeast....
in Oxfordshire
Oxfordshire
Oxfordshire is a county in the South East region of England, bordering on Warwickshire and Northamptonshire , Buckinghamshire , Berkshire , Wiltshire and Gloucestershire ....
and died in December 1812.