John Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville
Encyclopedia
John Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville, 6th Lord of Powys jure uxoris, KG
(aft. 1384 – 22 March 1420/1421) was an English
peer and eminent soldier in the Hundred Years' War
between England and France under Henry V of England
.
, Northumberland
, of Chillingham
, Northumberland, and of Berwick
, Hertfordshire
(Heton, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland, 1359 - 26 November 1400), by wife (married circa 1381) Joan de Mowbray (Axholme, Lincolnshire
, circa 1363 - after 30 November 1402), daughter of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray
and Elizabeth de Segrave, 5th Baroness Segrave. He was born at Berwick-upon-Tweed in 1384 and had three brothers and one sister: William Grey, who was Dean of York
, Bishop of London
in 1426 and Bishop of Lincoln
in 1431; Sir Henry Grey of Ketteringham
, Norfolk
; Matilda or Maud Grey (1382–1451), wife of Sir Robert Ogle (Ogle Castle
, Ogle
, Northumberland, 1379 - 12 August 1435), by whom she had one daughter; and Sir Thomas Grey, ringleader of the Southampton Plot. His paternal grandparents were Sir Thomas Grey
and Margaret de Pressene.
. In 1417 he was with Henry V at the siege of Caen
and behaved himself so valiantly that in October of that year he was made Captain of and in November of the same year he had a grant of the castle and lordship or seigneurie of Tilye or Tilly
in Normandy
, then forfeited by Sir William Harcourt, a supporter of the king's enemies, by King Henry V.
He was subsequently sent with a guard to Powys
where Sir John Oldcastle
the chief of the Lollards had been caught by Ieuan ap Gruffudd and Sir Gruffudd Vychan to bring him before Parliament.
In 1418 he was again in the French wars as Captain of Haunt
and granted the Earldom of Tankerville or Comté de Tancarville, in Normandy
(not in the Peerage of England
) n 31 January 1418/1419, to hold by homage to King Henry, and by delivery of a Bascinet
or helmet at the castle of on the Feast of Saint George
each year. Continuing in those wars Grey was awarded several further grants and was made governor of the castle of Tournay
. In 1418 or on 31 January 1419 he was created a Knight
of the Order of the Garter
.
On 22 March 1420/1421 while fording a river near the castle of Beaufort
at the Battle of Baugé
in Baugé
, Anjou
, in which he was fighting, both he and Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence
as well as many others of the English nobility were killed in battle slain by a Franco-Scottish force because they had engaged the enemy without proper preparation and with no archers to support them.
(circa 1400 - 17 September 1425), daughter and co-heiress of Edward Charleton, 5th Baron Cherleton
in whose right he succeeded to the title of Lord Powis with its estates including Powis Castle
.
Their only child was a son Henry, born about 1419 in Normandy
, France
, who succeeded his father to become 2nd Earl of Tankerville
.
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St...
(aft. 1384 – 22 March 1420/1421) was an English
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
peer and eminent soldier in the Hundred Years' War
Hundred Years' War
The Hundred Years' War was a series of separate wars waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Valois and the House of Plantagenet, also known as the House of Anjou, for the French throne, which had become vacant upon the extinction of the senior Capetian line of French kings...
between England and France under Henry V of England
Henry V of England
Henry V was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 35 in 1422. He was the second monarch belonging to the House of Lancaster....
.
Family
John Grey was a son of Sir Thomas Grey of Heton, Berwick-upon-TweedBerwick-upon-Tweed
Berwick-upon-Tweed or simply Berwick is a town in the county of Northumberland and is the northernmost town in England, on the east coast at the mouth of the River Tweed. It is situated 2.5 miles south of the Scottish border....
, Northumberland
Northumberland
Northumberland is the northernmost ceremonial county and a unitary district in North East England. For Eurostat purposes Northumberland is a NUTS 3 region and is one of three boroughs or unitary districts that comprise the "Northumberland and Tyne and Wear" NUTS 2 region...
, of Chillingham
Chillingham, Northumberland
Chillingham is a village in Northumberland, in England. It is situated approximately to the east of Wooler, south of Chatton.Chillingham is famous for its castle , which is said to be haunted, and the Chillingham Cattle , a wild herd of roughly 50 individuals that are kept in an enclosure since...
, Northumberland, and of Berwick
Berwick-upon-Tweed
Berwick-upon-Tweed or simply Berwick is a town in the county of Northumberland and is the northernmost town in England, on the east coast at the mouth of the River Tweed. It is situated 2.5 miles south of the Scottish border....
, Hertfordshire
Hertfordshire
Hertfordshire is a ceremonial and non-metropolitan county in the East region of England. The county town is Hertford.The county is one of the Home Counties and lies inland, bordered by Greater London , Buckinghamshire , Bedfordshire , Cambridgeshire and...
(Heton, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland, 1359 - 26 November 1400), by wife (married circa 1381) Joan de Mowbray (Axholme, Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire
Lincolnshire is a county in the east of England. It borders Norfolk to the south east, Cambridgeshire to the south, Rutland to the south west, Leicestershire and Nottinghamshire to the west, South Yorkshire to the north west, and the East Riding of Yorkshire to the north. It also borders...
, circa 1363 - after 30 November 1402), daughter of John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray
John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray
John de Mowbray, 4th Baron Mowbray was the son of John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray and Joan of Lancaster, daughter of Henry, 3rd Earl of Lancaster.He was born on 25 June 1340 at Epworth....
and Elizabeth de Segrave, 5th Baroness Segrave. He was born at Berwick-upon-Tweed in 1384 and had three brothers and one sister: William Grey, who was Dean of York
York
York is a walled city, situated at the confluence of the Rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. The city has a rich heritage and has provided the backdrop to major political events throughout much of its two millennia of existence...
, Bishop of London
Bishop of London
The Bishop of London is the ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of London in the Province of Canterbury.The diocese covers 458 km² of 17 boroughs of Greater London north of the River Thames and a small part of the County of Surrey...
in 1426 and Bishop of Lincoln
Bishop of Lincoln
The Bishop of Lincoln is the Ordinary of the Church of England Diocese of Lincoln in the Province of Canterbury.The present diocese covers the county of Lincolnshire and the unitary authority areas of North Lincolnshire and North East Lincolnshire. The Bishop's seat is located in the Cathedral...
in 1431; Sir Henry Grey of Ketteringham
Ketteringham
Ketteringham is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk.It covers an area of and had a population of 169 in 70 households as of the 2001 census.For the purposes of local government, it falls within the district of South Norfolk....
, Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk is a low-lying county in the East of England. It has borders with Lincolnshire to the west, Cambridgeshire to the west and southwest and Suffolk to the south. Its northern and eastern boundaries are the North Sea coast and to the north-west the county is bordered by The Wash. The county...
; Matilda or Maud Grey (1382–1451), wife of Sir Robert Ogle (Ogle Castle
Ogle Castle
Ogle Castle is a former fortified manor house at Ogle, near Whalton, Northumberland. It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument and a Grade I listed building....
, Ogle
Ogle Castle
Ogle Castle is a former fortified manor house at Ogle, near Whalton, Northumberland. It is a Scheduled Ancient Monument and a Grade I listed building....
, Northumberland, 1379 - 12 August 1435), by whom she had one daughter; and Sir Thomas Grey, ringleader of the Southampton Plot. His paternal grandparents were Sir Thomas Grey
Thomas Grey (chronicler)
Sir Thomas Grey of Heton , Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland, was an English chronicler.-Family:He was a son of the Sir Thomas de Grey of Heaton , who was taken prisoner by the Scots at Bannockburn, and his wife Agnes Sir Thomas Grey of Heton (near Norham), Berwick-upon-Tweed, Northumberland,...
and Margaret de Pressene.
Life
In 1415 he fought in the Battle of AgincourtBattle of Agincourt
The Battle of Agincourt was a major English victory against a numerically superior French army in the Hundred Years' War. The battle occurred on Friday, 25 October 1415 , near modern-day Azincourt, in northern France...
. In 1417 he was with Henry V at the siege of Caen
Caen
Caen is a commune in northwestern France. It is the prefecture of the Calvados department and the capital of the Basse-Normandie region. It is located inland from the English Channel....
and behaved himself so valiantly that in October of that year he was made Captain of and in November of the same year he had a grant of the castle and lordship or seigneurie of Tilye or Tilly
Tilly
Tilly may refer to:People* James Tilly Matthews, the first fully documented case of paranoid schizophrenia* Charles Tilly, sociologist* Jacques Louis François Delaistre de Tilly, French general in the Napoleonic Wars* Jennifer Tilly, actress, poker player...
in Normandy
Normandy
Normandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is in France.The continental territory covers 30,627 km² and forms the preponderant part of Normandy and roughly 5% of the territory of France. It is divided for administrative purposes into two régions:...
, then forfeited by Sir William Harcourt, a supporter of the king's enemies, by King Henry V.
He was subsequently sent with a guard to Powys
Powys
Powys is a local-government county and preserved county in Wales.-Geography:Powys covers the historic counties of Montgomeryshire and Radnorshire, most of Brecknockshire , and a small part of Denbighshire — an area of 5,179 km², making it the largest county in Wales by land area.It is...
where Sir John Oldcastle
John Oldcastle
Sir John Oldcastle , English Lollard leader, was son of Sir Richard Oldcastle of Almeley in northwest Herefordshire and grandson of another Sir John Oldcastle....
the chief of the Lollards had been caught by Ieuan ap Gruffudd and Sir Gruffudd Vychan to bring him before Parliament.
In 1418 he was again in the French wars as Captain of Haunt
HAUNT
HAUNT was a straightforward but engagingly irreverent text-based mainframe computer game. It was created in OPS4 language in 1979 by John E. Laird....
and granted the Earldom of Tankerville or Comté de Tancarville, in Normandy
Normandy
Normandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is in France.The continental territory covers 30,627 km² and forms the preponderant part of Normandy and roughly 5% of the territory of France. It is divided for administrative purposes into two régions:...
(not in the Peerage of England
Peerage of England
The Peerage of England comprises all peerages created in the Kingdom of England before the Act of Union in 1707. In that year, the Peerages of England and Scotland were replaced by one Peerage of Great Britain....
) n 31 January 1418/1419, to hold by homage to King Henry, and by delivery of a Bascinet
Bascinet
The bascinet was a Medieval European open-faced military helmet, typically fitted with an aventail and hinged visor. The term is also written as bassinet or basinet.-Early versions:...
or helmet at the castle of on the Feast of Saint George
Feast of Saint George
The Feast of Saint George is a Palestinian holiday commemorating Saint George . The feast occurs annually on 5 May, and although it is originally a local Christian holiday, both Palestinian Christians and Muslims participate...
each year. Continuing in those wars Grey was awarded several further grants and was made governor of the castle of Tournay
Tournay, Hautes-Pyrénées
Tournay is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France.-References:*...
. In 1418 or on 31 January 1419 he was created a Knight
Knight
A knight was a member of a class of lower nobility in the High Middle Ages.By the Late Middle Ages, the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry, a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior....
of the Order of the Garter
Order of the Garter
The Most Noble Order of the Garter, founded in 1348, is the highest order of chivalry, or knighthood, existing in England. The order is dedicated to the image and arms of St...
.
On 22 March 1420/1421 while fording a river near the castle of Beaufort
Beaufort Castle
Beaufort Castle can refer to several places:* Beaufort Castle, Scotland, near Beauly* Beaufort Castle, Luxembourg* a castle at Beaufort in Huy, Belgium* Beaufort Castle, Lebanon* Beaufort Castle, France, in the historical region of Auvergne...
at the Battle of Baugé
Battle of Baugé
The Battle of Baugé, fought between the English and the Franco-Scots on 21 March 1421 in Baugé, France, east of Angers, was a major defeat for the English in the Hundred Years' War...
in Baugé
Baugé
Baugé is a commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France.-Geography and transport:Baugé is located 40 km east of Angers, 280 km from Paris, and 70 km from Tours....
, Anjou
Anjou
Anjou is a former county , duchy and province centred on the city of Angers in the lower Loire Valley of western France. It corresponds largely to the present-day département of Maine-et-Loire...
, in which he was fighting, both he and Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence
Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence
Thomas of Lancaster, 1st Duke of Clarence, KG , also known as Thomas Plantagenet, was the second son of King Henry IV of England and his first wife, Mary de Bohun. He was born before 25 November 1387 as on that date his father's accounts note a payment made to a woman described as his nurse...
as well as many others of the English nobility were killed in battle slain by a Franco-Scottish force because they had engaged the enemy without proper preparation and with no archers to support them.
Marriage and issue
In 1418 he married Joan Charleton, 6th Lady of PowysPowys
Powys is a local-government county and preserved county in Wales.-Geography:Powys covers the historic counties of Montgomeryshire and Radnorshire, most of Brecknockshire , and a small part of Denbighshire — an area of 5,179 km², making it the largest county in Wales by land area.It is...
(circa 1400 - 17 September 1425), daughter and co-heiress of Edward Charleton, 5th Baron Cherleton
Edward Charleton, 5th Baron Cherleton
Edward Charleton , 5th Baron Cherleton, KG , 5th and last Lord Charlton of Powys, was the younger son of John Charlton, the third baron, and his wife, Joan, daughter of Lord Stafford....
in whose right he succeeded to the title of Lord Powis with its estates including Powis Castle
Powis Castle
Powis Castle is a medieval castle, fortress and grand country mansion located near the town of Welshpool, in Powys, Mid Wales.The residence of the Earl of Powis, the castle is known for its extensive, attractive formal gardens, terraces, parkland, deerpark and landscaped estate...
.
Their only child was a son Henry, born about 1419 in Normandy
Normandy
Normandy is a geographical region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is in France.The continental territory covers 30,627 km² and forms the preponderant part of Normandy and roughly 5% of the territory of France. It is divided for administrative purposes into two régions:...
, France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
, who succeeded his father to become 2nd Earl of Tankerville
Henry Grey, 2nd Earl of Tankerville
Henry Grey, 2nd Earl of Tankerville, 7th Lord of Powys was an English peer. He was the son of John Grey, 1st Earl of Tankerville and his wife Joan Charleton, co-heiress and 6th Lady of Powys.-Life:...
.