John Paulet, 5th Marquess of Winchester
Encyclopedia
John Paulet, 5th Marquess of Winchester (ca. 1598 – 5 March 1675), styled Lord John Paulet until 1621 and Lord St John from 1621 to 1628 was third but eldest surviving son of William Paulet
and his successor as 5th Marquess of Winchester
.
, but as a Roman Catholic could not matriculate. He sat for St Ives
from 1620 to 1622. Staying away to recover his family fortune for most of the 1630s, he returned and presented himself to court and the king in 1639. The second Marquess and the Queen became firm friends thereafter, and therefore his chief seat, Basing House
, was the great resort of Queen Henrietta Maria's friends in south-west England.
On the outbreak of the English Civil War
he fortified and garrisoned Basing House and held it for Charles I
during 1643 and 1644, the siege of Basing House
, notwithstanding an attempt of his youngest brother, Lord Edward Paulet, to deliver it up to the enemy, from August 1643, to 16 October 1645, when in the general decline of the Royal cause, it was taken by storm, after a determined defence, by Oliver Cromwell. Pulet was subsequently renowned as a great loyalist.
The Marquis was made prisoner with such of his garrison as survived the fight; ten pieces of ordnance and much ammunition were also taken by the victors, as Oliver Cromwell
himself, who directed the assault, wrote to the Speaker.
He was committed to the Tower of London
on a charge of high treason in 1645, where he remained a long time; his property sequestered and partially sold; suffered to go unrecompensated at the Restoration of the Monarchy, but regained his lands.
He retired to Englefield House in Berkshire
- which was a wedding gift from his second marriage to Lady Honora de Burgh in the early 1630s. He was succeeded, in 1674, by his eldest son, Charles, 6th Marquis
, and 1st Duke of Bolton.
He married,
He married,
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William Paulet, 4th Marquess of Winchester
William Paulet, 4th Marquess of Winchester was the son of William Paulet, 3rd Marquess of Winchester and Agnes Howard. He married Lady Lucy Cecil, daughter of Sir Thomas Cecil, 1st Earl of Exeter and Dorothy Neville...
and his successor as 5th Marquess of Winchester
Marquess of Winchester
Marquess of Winchester is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1551 for the prominent statesman William Paulet, 1st Earl of Wiltshire. He had already been created Baron St John in 1539 and Earl of Wiltshire in 1550, also in the Peerage of England...
.
Life
He kept terms at Exeter College, OxfordExeter College, Oxford
Exeter College is one of the constituent colleges of the University of Oxford in England and the fourth oldest college of the University. The main entrance is on the east side of Turl Street...
, but as a Roman Catholic could not matriculate. He sat for St Ives
St Ives (UK Parliament constituency)
St. Ives is a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election.-History:...
from 1620 to 1622. Staying away to recover his family fortune for most of the 1630s, he returned and presented himself to court and the king in 1639. The second Marquess and the Queen became firm friends thereafter, and therefore his chief seat, Basing House
Basing House
Basing House was a major Tudor palace and castle in the village of Old Basing in the English county of Hampshire. It once rivaled Hampton Court Palace in its size and opulence. Today only its foundations and earthworks remain...
, was the great resort of Queen Henrietta Maria's friends in south-west England.
On the outbreak of the English Civil War
English Civil War
The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists...
he fortified and garrisoned Basing House and held it for Charles I
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...
during 1643 and 1644, the siege of Basing House
Siege of Basing House
The siege of Basing House near Basingstoke in Hampshire, was a Parliamentarian victory late in the First English Civil War. Whereas the title of the event may suggest a single siege, there were in fact three major engagements...
, notwithstanding an attempt of his youngest brother, Lord Edward Paulet, to deliver it up to the enemy, from August 1643, to 16 October 1645, when in the general decline of the Royal cause, it was taken by storm, after a determined defence, by Oliver Cromwell. Pulet was subsequently renowned as a great loyalist.
The Marquis was made prisoner with such of his garrison as survived the fight; ten pieces of ordnance and much ammunition were also taken by the victors, as Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell
Oliver Cromwell was an English military and political leader who overthrew the English monarchy and temporarily turned England into a republican Commonwealth, and served as Lord Protector of England, Scotland, and Ireland....
himself, who directed the assault, wrote to the Speaker.
He was committed to the Tower of London
Tower of London
Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress, more commonly known as the Tower of London, is a historic castle on the north bank of the River Thames in central London, England. It lies within the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, separated from the eastern edge of the City of London by the open space...
on a charge of high treason in 1645, where he remained a long time; his property sequestered and partially sold; suffered to go unrecompensated at the Restoration of the Monarchy, but regained his lands.
He retired to Englefield House in Berkshire
Berkshire
Berkshire is a historic county in the South of England. It is also often referred to as the Royal County of Berkshire because of the presence of the royal residence of Windsor Castle in the county; this usage, which dates to the 19th century at least, was recognised by the Queen in 1957, and...
- which was a wedding gift from his second marriage to Lady Honora de Burgh in the early 1630s. He was succeeded, in 1674, by his eldest son, Charles, 6th Marquis
Charles Paulet, 1st Duke of Bolton
Charles Paulet, 1st Duke of Bolton, PC , son of John Paulet, 5th Marquess of Winchester. He became the sixth Marquess of Winchester on his father's death in 1675, was Member of Parliament for Winchester and then for Hampshire from 1660 to 1675...
, and 1st Duke of Bolton.
Family
He married,- 1) Hon. Jane Savage, daughter of Thomas Savage, 1st Viscount Savage of Rocksavage, on 18 December 1622. She was the mother of his successor Charles Paulet.
He married,
- 2) Honora de Burgh, daughter of Richard Burke, 4th Earl of ClanricardeRichard Burke, 4th Earl of ClanricardeRichard Burke, 4th Earl of Clanricarde was an Irish nobleman. He was the son of Ulick Burke, 3rd Earl of Clanricarde and Honora Burke, daughter of John Burke....
and Frances Walsingham, c. 4 October 1633. She gave birth to a daughter, Anne (died c. Sep 1694).
He married,
- 3) Isabel Howard, daughter of William Howard, 1st Viscount StaffordWilliam Howard, 1st Viscount StaffordBlessed William Howard, 1st Viscount Stafford was the youngest son of Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel, and his wife, the former Alethea Talbot. He was a supporter of the Royalist cause before being implicated in the Popish Plot and executed for treason...
and Mary Stafford, in 1669.
Further reading
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