John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester
Overview
John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester (1 April 1647 – 26 July 1680), styled Viscount Wilmot between 1652 and 1658, was an English Libertine
Libertine
A libertine is one devoid of most moral restraints, which are seen as unnecessary or undesirable, especially one who ignores or even spurns accepted morals and forms of behavior sanctified by the larger society. Libertines, also known as rakes, placed value on physical pleasures, meaning those...

 poet, a friend of King Charles II
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...

, and the writer of much satirical
Satire
Satire is primarily a literary genre or form, although in practice it can also be found in the graphic and performing arts. In satire, vices, follies, abuses, and shortcomings are held up to ridicule, ideally with the intent of shaming individuals, and society itself, into improvement...

 and bawdy poetry
Poetry
Poetry is a form of literary art in which language is used for its aesthetic and evocative qualities in addition to, or in lieu of, its apparent meaning...

. He was the toast of the Restoration
English Restoration
The Restoration of the English monarchy began in 1660 when the English, Scottish and Irish monarchies were all restored under Charles II after the Interregnum that followed the Wars of the Three Kingdoms...

 court and a patron of the arts. He married an heiress, Elizabeth Malet
Elizabeth Wilmot, Countess of Rochester
Elizabeth Wilmot, Countess of Rochester was an English heiress and the wife of John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester, the "libertine." She was born Elizabeth Malet, the daughter of John Malet of Enmore Castle and Unton Hawley....

, and had many mistresses, including the actress Elizabeth Barry
Elizabeth Barry
Elizabeth Barry was an English actress of the Restoration period.She worked in big, prestigious London theatre companies throughout her successful career: from 1675 in the Duke's Company, 1682 – 1695 in the monopoly United Company, and from 1695 onwards as a member of the actors' cooperative...

.
John Wilmot was born in Ditchley
Ditchley
Ditchley is a country house and estate about northeast of Charlbury in Oxfordshire.-Archaeology:There are remains of a Roman villa on the Ditchley Park estate at Watts Wells, less than southeast of the house...

, Oxfordshire
Oxfordshire
Oxfordshire is a county in the South East region of England, bordering on Warwickshire and Northamptonshire , Buckinghamshire , Berkshire , Wiltshire and Gloucestershire ....

. His father, Henry, Viscount Wilmot
Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester
Lieutenant-General Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester , known as The Lord Wilmot between 1643 and 1644 and as The Viscount Wilmot between 1644 and 1652, was an English Cavalier who fought for the Royalist cause during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.-Early life:Wilmot's family was descended from...

, a hard-drinking Royalist
Cavalier
Cavalier was the name used by Parliamentarians for a Royalist supporter of King Charles I and son Charles II during the English Civil War, the Interregnum, and the Restoration...

 from Anglo-Irish stock, had been created Earl of Rochester
Earl of Rochester
Earl of Rochester was a title that was created twice in the Peerage of England. The first creation came in 1652 in favour of the Royalist soldier Henry Wilmot, 2nd Viscount Wilmot. He had already been created Baron Wilmot, of Adderbury in the County of Oxford, in 1643, also in the Peerage of England...

 in 1652 for military services to Charles II during his exile under the Commonwealth
Commonwealth of England
The Commonwealth of England was the republic which ruled first England, and then Ireland and Scotland from 1649 to 1660. Between 1653–1659 it was known as the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland...

; His mother, Anne St.
Quotations

The world appears like a great family,Whose lord, oppressed with pride and poverty,(That to the few great bounty he may show)Is fain to starve the numerous train below.

Like a Great Family

Dead we become the lumber of the world.

After Death

It is a good world to live in,To lend, or to spend, or to give in;But to beg or to borrow, or to get a man's own,It is the very worst world that ever was known.

Epigram, sometimes attributed to John Bromfield|John Bromfield

There's not a thing on earth that I can name,So foolish, and so false, as common fame.

Did e'er this Saucy World

A merry monarch, scandalous and poor.

On the King

For pointed satire I would Buckhurst choose,The best good man with the worst-natured muse.

An allusion to Horace, Satire x. Book i. Compare: "Thou best-humour'd man with the worst-humour'd muse!", Oliver Goldsmith, Retaliation, Postscript.

Angels listen when she speaks:She ’s my delight, all mankind’s wonder;But my jealous heart would breakShould we live one day asunder.

Song

Then talk not of Inconstancy,False Hearts, and broken Vows;If I, by Miracle, can beThis live-long Minute true to thee,‘Tis all that Heav’n allows.

Love and Life, ll. 11-15

So, when my Days of Impotence approach,And I’m by Pox and Wine’s unlucky chanceDriv'n from the pleasing Billows of debauchOn the dull Shore of lazy Temperance;My Pains at least some Respite shall affordWhile I behold the Battles you maintainWhen Fleets of Glasses sail about the Board,From whose Broad-sides Volleys of Wit shall rain.

The Maim'd Debauchee, ll. 13–20

Thus, Statesman-like, I’ll saucily impose,And, safe from Danger, valiantly advise;Sheltered in Impotence, urge you to Blows,And, being good for nothing else, be Wise.

The Maim'd Debauchee, ll. 41–44

 
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