Joint capsule
Encyclopedia
An articular capsule is an envelope surrounding a synovial joint
.
On the inside of the capsule, articular cartilage covers the end surfaces of the bones that articulate within that joint.
The outer layer is highly innervated by the same nerves which perforate through the adjacent muscles associated with the joint.
(adhesive capsulitis) is a disorder in which the shoulder
capsule becomes inflamed.
Plica Syndrome
is a disorder in which the synovial plica becomes inflamed and causes abnormal biomechanics in the knee.
Synovial joint
A Synovial joint, also known as a diarthrosis, is the most common and most movable type of joint in the body of a mammal. As with most other joints, synovial joints achieve movement at the point of contact of the articulating bones....
.
Layers
Each capsule consists of two layers:- an outer layer (stratum fibrosum) composed of avascular white fibrous tissue
- an inner layer (stratum synoviale) which is a secreting layer, and is usually described separately as the synovial membrane.
On the inside of the capsule, articular cartilage covers the end surfaces of the bones that articulate within that joint.
The outer layer is highly innervated by the same nerves which perforate through the adjacent muscles associated with the joint.
Pathology
Frozen shoulderFrozen shoulder
Frozen shoulder, medically referred to as adhesive capsulitis, is a disorder in which the shoulder capsule, the connective tissue surrounding the glenohumeral joint of the shoulder, becomes inflamed and stiff, greatly restricting motion and causing chronic pain.Adhesive capsulitis is a painful and...
(adhesive capsulitis) is a disorder in which the shoulder
Shoulder
The human shoulder is made up of three bones: the clavicle , the scapula , and the humerus as well as associated muscles, ligaments and tendons. The articulations between the bones of the shoulder make up the shoulder joints. The major joint of the shoulder is the glenohumeral joint, which...
capsule becomes inflamed.
Plica Syndrome
Plica Syndrome
Plica Syndrome occurs when the plica becomes irritated or inflamed.-Presentation and pathophysiology:...
is a disorder in which the synovial plica becomes inflamed and causes abnormal biomechanics in the knee.
See also
- articular capsule of the humerusArticular capsule of the humerusThe articular capsule of the humerus is the articular capsule of the shoulder joint. It completely encircles the joint, being attached, above, to the circumference of the glenoid cavity beyond the glenoidal labrum; below, to the anatomical neck of the humerus, approaching nearer to the articular...
- articular capsule of the knee joint
- capsule of hip jointCapsule of hip jointThe articular capsule is strong and dense.Above, it is attached to the margin of the acetabulum 5 to 6 mm. beyond the labrum behind; but in front, it is attached to the outer margin of the labrum, and, opposite to the notch where the margin of the cavity is deficient, it is connected to the...
- capsule of temporomandibular jointCapsule of temporomandibular jointThe articular capsule is a thin, loose envelope, attached above to the circumference of the mandibular fossa and the articular tubercle immediately in front; below, to the neck of the condyle of the mandible....
- atlantoaxial articular capsule
- capsule of atlantooccipital articulationCapsule of atlantooccipital articulationThe capsules of the atlantooccipital articulation surround the condyles of the occipital bone, and connect them with the articular processes of the atlas: they are thin and loose....