Jonava
Encyclopedia
Jonava is the ninth largest city in Lithuania
with a population of ca
35,000.
It is located in Kaunas County
in central Lithuania, 30 km (18.6 mi) north east of Kaunas
, the second-largest city in Lithuania. It is served by Kaunas International Airport. The largest fertilizer factory in the Baltic states
is located in "Achema
". City is called the capital of Midsummer
holiday (lt.
- Joninės).
. There was destroyed Christian church, Jewish synagogue. Nazis killed 552 Jewish (497 men and 55 women). After war in city was built largest fertilizer factory in Baltic states
and Jonava become one of 4 biggest industrial cities in Lithuania.
. The catastrophe
developed further into a fire of nitrophoska and fertilizer
s storehouses polluting the atmosphere with products of their decomposition
: nitrous oxide
, chlorine
gas, etc.The toxic
cloud moved towards Ukmergė
, Širvintos
, Kėdainiai
. The concentration
of ammonia surpassed the permissible level
150 times in Upninkai
, at 10 km from the enterprise. One day after the accident, a toxic cloud 7 km wide and 50 km long was recorded between Jonava and Kėdainiai
. Seven persons died during the fire and leakage of ammonia immediately, 29 persons became handicapped, a lot of people suffered from acute respiratory and cardiac attacks. But true damages and number of all victims were not named up to now. It is known that exposition to ammonia prenatally
and at young age can cause a serious brain damage
.
, swimming pool and indoor arena
. Its already announced that city is going to build new big indoor arena "BC Jonava".
team, founded in 1969; Jonava SK Malsta playing in National Basketball League
(Nacionalinė Krepšinio Lyga).
team Achema-KKSC. In 2010 Jonava held international "Alfredas Ogonauskas memorial volleyball championships".
holiday there was "Jonas
's Republic president cup" of rally
slalom
events. In summer seasons there was some irregular cycling
tournaments or cross country competitions.
with: Bagrationovsk
, Russia Děčín
, Czech Republic Jõgeva
, Estonia Kędzierzyn-Koźle
, Poland Polotsk, Belarus| Pucioasa
, Romania Riihimäki
, Finland
Lithuania
Lithuania , officially the Republic of Lithuania is a country in Northern Europe, the biggest of the three Baltic states. It is situated along the southeastern shore of the Baltic Sea, whereby to the west lie Sweden and Denmark...
with a population of ca
Circa
Circa , usually abbreviated c. or ca. , means "approximately" in the English language, usually referring to a date...
35,000.
It is located in Kaunas County
Kaunas County
Kaunas County is one of ten counties of Lithuania. It is in the centre of the country, and its capital is Kaunas...
in central Lithuania, 30 km (18.6 mi) north east of Kaunas
Kaunas
Kaunas is the second-largest city in Lithuania and has historically been a leading centre of Lithuanian economic, academic, and cultural life. Kaunas was the biggest city and the center of a powiat in Trakai Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania since 1413. During Russian Empire occupation...
, the second-largest city in Lithuania. It is served by Kaunas International Airport. The largest fertilizer factory in the Baltic states
Baltic states
The term Baltic states refers to the Baltic territories which gained independence from the Russian Empire in the wake of World War I: primarily the contiguous trio of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania ; Finland also fell within the scope of the term after initially gaining independence in the 1920s.The...
is located in "Achema
Achema
Achema is the largest fertilizer producer in the Baltic states. It is located in the city of Jonava in central Lithuania. Achema employs about 1700 workers...
". City is called the capital of Midsummer
Midsummer
Midsummer may simply refer to the period of time centered upon the summer solstice, but more often refers to specific European celebrations that accompany the actual solstice, or that take place on a day between June 21 and June 24, and the preceding evening. The exact dates vary between different...
holiday (lt.
Lithuanian language
Lithuanian is the official state language of Lithuania and is recognized as one of the official languages of the European Union. There are about 2.96 million native Lithuanian speakers in Lithuania and about 170,000 abroad. Lithuanian is a Baltic language, closely related to Latvian, although they...
- Joninės).
History
Officially city established at 18th century. The city had a large Jewish population before World War II. In 1893 92% of all population was Jewish and in 1941 it was 80 %. In 1932 there was 250 shops owned by Jewish families, Jewish bank, 7 synagogues and Jewish school. During World War II war Jonava was attacked by Nazi GermanyNazi Germany
Nazi Germany , also known as the Third Reich , but officially called German Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Greater German Reich from 26 June 1943 onward, is the name commonly used to refer to the state of Germany from 1933 to 1945, when it was a totalitarian dictatorship ruled by...
. There was destroyed Christian church, Jewish synagogue. Nazis killed 552 Jewish (497 men and 55 women). After war in city was built largest fertilizer factory in Baltic states
Baltic states
The term Baltic states refers to the Baltic territories which gained independence from the Russian Empire in the wake of World War I: primarily the contiguous trio of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania ; Finland also fell within the scope of the term after initially gaining independence in the 1920s.The...
and Jonava become one of 4 biggest industrial cities in Lithuania.
Environmental catastrophe
An explosion happened in the chemical fertilizers factory on 20 March 1989, provoking a leakage of nearly 7,500 tonnes of liquid ammoniaAmmonia
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula . It is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent odour. Ammonia contributes significantly to the nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to food and fertilizers. Ammonia, either directly or...
. The catastrophe
Catastrophe
A catastrophe is an extremely large-scale disaster, a horrible event.It may also refer to:*Catastrophe bond, a risk-linked security used to share risks with bond investors*Catastrophe , a non-fiction book by Dick Morris and Eileen McGann...
developed further into a fire of nitrophoska and fertilizer
Fertilizer
Fertilizer is any organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origin that is added to a soil to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants. A recent assessment found that about 40 to 60% of crop yields are attributable to commercial fertilizer use...
s storehouses polluting the atmosphere with products of their decomposition
Decomposition
Decomposition is the process by which organic material is broken down into simpler forms of matter. The process is essential for recycling the finite matter that occupies physical space in the biome. Bodies of living organisms begin to decompose shortly after death...
: nitrous oxide
Nitrous oxide
Nitrous oxide, commonly known as laughing gas or sweet air, is a chemical compound with the formula . It is an oxide of nitrogen. At room temperature, it is a colorless non-flammable gas, with a slightly sweet odor and taste. It is used in surgery and dentistry for its anesthetic and analgesic...
, chlorine
Chlorine
Chlorine is the chemical element with atomic number 17 and symbol Cl. It is the second lightest halogen, found in the periodic table in group 17. The element forms diatomic molecules under standard conditions, called dichlorine...
gas, etc.The toxic
Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a substance can damage a living or non-living organisms. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell or an organ , such as the liver...
cloud moved towards Ukmergė
Ukmerge
-Early history:Ukmergė was first mentioned as a settlement in 1333. It was essentially a wooden fortress that stood on a hill, near the confluence of the Vilkmergė River and the Šventoji River. Ukmergė was attacked by the Teutonic Knights and the Livonian Order in 1333, 1365, 1378, 1386, and even...
, Širvintos
Širvintos
Širvintos is a city in Vilnius County in the eastern part of Lithuania. It is the administrative center of the Širvintos district municipality.The word Širvintos is the plural form of the name of the Širvinta River, which flows through the city....
, Kėdainiai
Kedainiai
Kėdainiai is one of the oldest cities in Lithuania. It is located on the Nevėžis River. First mentioned in the 1372 Livonian Chronicle of Hermann de Wartberge, its population as of 2008 was 30,214. Its old town dates to the 17th century....
. The concentration
Concentration
In chemistry, concentration is defined as the abundance of a constituent divided by the total volume of a mixture. Four types can be distinguished: mass concentration, molar concentration, number concentration, and volume concentration...
of ammonia surpassed the permissible level
Permissible Exposure Limit
The permissible exposure limit is a legal limit in the United States for exposure of an employee to a chemical substance or physical agent. For chemicals, the chemical regulation is usually expressed in parts per million , or sometimes in milligrams per cubic metre . Units of measure for physical...
150 times in Upninkai
Upninkai
Upninkai is the largest village in Jonava district, Lithuania. It is situated 8 km southwest of Vepriai on the left bank of the Šventoji River. According to the 2001 census, it had population of 1019.-History:...
, at 10 km from the enterprise. One day after the accident, a toxic cloud 7 km wide and 50 km long was recorded between Jonava and Kėdainiai
Kedainiai
Kėdainiai is one of the oldest cities in Lithuania. It is located on the Nevėžis River. First mentioned in the 1372 Livonian Chronicle of Hermann de Wartberge, its population as of 2008 was 30,214. Its old town dates to the 17th century....
. Seven persons died during the fire and leakage of ammonia immediately, 29 persons became handicapped, a lot of people suffered from acute respiratory and cardiac attacks. But true damages and number of all victims were not named up to now. It is known that exposition to ammonia prenatally
Pregnancy
Pregnancy refers to the fertilization and development of one or more offspring, known as a fetus or embryo, in a woman's uterus. In a pregnancy, there can be multiple gestations, as in the case of twins or triplets...
and at young age can cause a serious brain damage
Brain damage
"Brain damage" or "brain injury" is the destruction or degeneration of brain cells. Brain injuries occur due to a wide range of internal and external factors...
.
Administrative divisions
Jonava is divided into 13 city regions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Historical population
| Year | Inhabitants |
|---|---|
| 1939 | 5500 |
| 1959 | 5000 |
| 1970 | 14563 |
| 1979 | 28413 |
| 1989 | 36520 |
| 2001 | 34954 |
Sport
City has it own "physical culture and sports center" with stadiumCentral stadium of Jonava
Central stadium of Jonava is a multi-purpose stadium in Jonava, Lithuania. It is currently the biggest stadium in the city.The seating capacity is going to be expanded to 3,000. Near stadium is outdoor pond, which can be used for water events.- Events :...
, swimming pool and indoor arena
Jonava indoor arena
Jonava indoor arena is indoor sporting center in Jonava, Lithuania. It holds boxing base, pool, table tennis base, gym and main ground. Sporting center also holding basketball and volleyball competitions.- External links:*...
. Its already announced that city is going to build new big indoor arena "BC Jonava".
Soccer
Jonava has 2 soccer teams- FK Lietava Jonava
- FK Lietava-2 Jonava
Basketball
Jonava has a basketballBasketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of five players try to score points by throwing or "shooting" a ball through the top of a basketball hoop while following a set of rules...
team, founded in 1969; Jonava SK Malsta playing in National Basketball League
National Basketball League (Lithuania)
The National Basketball League was founded in 2005. NKL is the second-tier basketball minor league The National Basketball League was founded in 2005. NKL is the second-tier basketball minor league The National Basketball League was founded in 2005. NKL is the second-tier basketball minor league...
(Nacionalinė Krepšinio Lyga).
Volleyball
Jonava has a strong women volleyballVolleyball
Volleyball is a team sport in which two teams of six players are separated by a net. Each team tries to score points by grounding a ball on the other team's court under organized rules.The complete rules are extensive...
team Achema-KKSC. In 2010 Jonava held international "Alfredas Ogonauskas memorial volleyball championships".
Competitions
In Jonava was held some irregular competitions. At traditional midsummerMidsummer
Midsummer may simply refer to the period of time centered upon the summer solstice, but more often refers to specific European celebrations that accompany the actual solstice, or that take place on a day between June 21 and June 24, and the preceding evening. The exact dates vary between different...
holiday there was "Jonas
Jonas
- Jonah name :* Jonah Metropolitan of Moscow , also known as Saint Jonas* Jonah, Old Testament prophet-Places:* Jonas , a hamlet in the municipalities Epe and Apeldoorn in the Netherlands* Jonas, Pennsylvania- Other :...
's Republic president cup" of rally
Rally
Rally refers to a gathering, as in:* Political rally, a demonstration, march, or parade* Pep rally, an event held at a United States school or college sporting eventRally as a sports term can also refer to:* Rallying, a category of motorsport...
slalom
Slalom
To slalom is to zigzag between obstacles. It can refer to:Sports:*Alpine Slalom skiing*Whitewater slalom/kayaking*Freestyle slalom skating*Slalom skateboarding*Slalom water skiing*Slalom ice skating*Slalom windsurfing...
events. In summer seasons there was some irregular cycling
Cycling
Cycling, also called bicycling or biking, is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, or for sport. Persons engaged in cycling are cyclists or bicyclists...
tournaments or cross country competitions.
Education
|
|
Jonava Old Town Gymnasium Jonava Old Town Gymnasium is a public gymnasium in Jonava, Lithuania. It is the only gymnasium in the town. It was founded in 2000 and includes grades 9–12. It's institution code is 190302622. The gymnasium's anthem was changed several times because of politic structure changes in Lithuania. The... |
Twin towns — sister cities
Jonava is twinnedTown twinning
Twin towns and sister cities are two of many terms used to describe the cooperative agreements between towns, cities, and even counties in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.- Terminology :...
with: Bagrationovsk
Bagrationovsk
Bagrationovsk is a town and the administrative center of Bagrationovsky District of Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located south of Kaliningrad. Population: -History:...
, Russia Děčín
Decín
Děčín is a town in the Ústí nad Labem Region in the north of the Czech Republic. It is the largest town and administrative seat of the Děčín District.-Geography:...
, Czech Republic Jõgeva
Jõgeva
Jõgeva is a small town in Estonia with a population of around 6000 people. It is the administrative centre of Jõgeva County.It is known as the coldest place in Estonia with the lowest temperature of...
, Estonia Kędzierzyn-Koźle
Kedzierzyn-Kozle
Kędzierzyn-Koźle is the capital city of Kędzierzyn-Koźle County, Silesia, Poland. Kędzierzyn-Koźle is a place of a major river port, has rail connections with all major cities of Poland and serves western outskirts of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union....
, Poland Polotsk, Belarus| Pucioasa
Pucioasa
Pucioasa is a town in Dâmboviţa County, Romania with a population under 16,000. It administers six villages: Bela, Diaconeşti, Glodeni, Malurile, Miculeşti and Pucioasa-Sat....
, Romania Riihimäki
Riihimäki
Riihimäki is a town and municipality in the south of Finland, about north of Helsinki and southeast of Tampere. It is somewhat of a railway junction, since the railway tracks going from different parts of the nation to Helsinki merge there. Sako, Ltd...
, Finland
People
|
Darius Maskoliūnas Darius Maskoliūnas ; born January 6, 1971) is a former Lithuanian professional basketball player. Now basketball coach, politician.Since January 6, 2007 was an assistant coach at Žalgiris Kaunas... , basketball player Ricardas Tamulis Ričardas Tamulis was a boxer from the Soviet Union.He competed for the Soviet Union in the 1964 Summer Olympics held in Tokyo, Japan in the welterweight event where he finished in second place.... , boxer Arturas Zuokas Artūras Zuokas is a Lithuanian politician. He is former leader of the Liberal and Centre Union political party and the Mayor of Vilnius city municipality from 2000-2007 and from April 2011 onward. He was a member of the Seimas .Zuokas graduated from the secondary school of Jonava... , businessmen, current Vilnius mayor |