Joseph Toynbee
Encyclopedia
Joseph Toynbee was an English otologist, whose career was dedicated to pathological
and anatomical
studies of the ear.
He was born in Heckington, Lincolnshire in 1815.
In 1857 Toynbee became aural surgeon
and lecturer at St Mary's Hospital in Paddington
and was a pioneer in the field of otology
. It was during this time that he composed two important works: A Descriptive Catalogue of Preparations Illustrative of the Diseases of the Ear (1857), and The Diseases of the Ear: Their Nature, Diagnosis and Treatment (1860). Also Toynbee is credited as the first physician to discover a link between stapes fixation and hearing loss.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in March 1842.
Austrian otologist Adam Politzer
(1835–1920) penned biographies in French (1905) and German (1914) honoring Toynbee, whom Politzer regarded as a major influence. Toynbee died in 1866 when he accidentally inhaled a lethal combination of prussic acid and chloroform
; reportedly he was experimenting with these substances as a remedy for tinnitus
. He was buried at St Mary's, Wimbledon.
He was married, in August 1846, to Harriet (nee Holmes), daughter of Nathaniel Holmes.
They had nine children together, including economic historian Arnold Toynbee
(1852–1883), and daughter Grace (nee Toynbee), who married Percy Faraday Frankland in 1882.
Another son, Harry Valpy Toynbee, was the father of universal historian
Arnold J. Toynbee
, and archaeologist and art historian Jocelyn Toynbee
.
Pathology
Pathology is the precise study and diagnosis of disease. The word pathology is from Ancient Greek , pathos, "feeling, suffering"; and , -logia, "the study of". Pathologization, to pathologize, refers to the process of defining a condition or behavior as pathological, e.g. pathological gambling....
and anatomical
Anatomy
Anatomy is a branch of biology and medicine that is the consideration of the structure of living things. It is a general term that includes human anatomy, animal anatomy , and plant anatomy...
studies of the ear.
He was born in Heckington, Lincolnshire in 1815.
In 1857 Toynbee became aural surgeon
Surgeon
In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, whether human or animal, for a specific reason such as the removal of diseased tissue or to repair a tear or breakage...
and lecturer at St Mary's Hospital in Paddington
Paddington
Paddington is a district within the City of Westminster, in central London, England. Formerly a metropolitan borough, it was integrated with Westminster and Greater London in 1965...
and was a pioneer in the field of otology
Otology
Otology is a branch of biomedicine which studies normal and pathological anatomy and physiology of the ear as well as its diseases, diagnosis and treatment....
. It was during this time that he composed two important works: A Descriptive Catalogue of Preparations Illustrative of the Diseases of the Ear (1857), and The Diseases of the Ear: Their Nature, Diagnosis and Treatment (1860). Also Toynbee is credited as the first physician to discover a link between stapes fixation and hearing loss.
He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in March 1842.
Austrian otologist Adam Politzer
Ádám Politzer
Adam Politzer was a Hungarian and Austrian physician and one of the pioneers and founders of otology.- Life :Adam Politzer was born in Alberti , near the city of Budapest, to a well-to-do Jewish family....
(1835–1920) penned biographies in French (1905) and German (1914) honoring Toynbee, whom Politzer regarded as a major influence. Toynbee died in 1866 when he accidentally inhaled a lethal combination of prussic acid and chloroform
Chloroform
Chloroform is an organic compound with formula CHCl3. It is one of the four chloromethanes. The colorless, sweet-smelling, dense liquid is a trihalomethane, and is considered somewhat hazardous...
; reportedly he was experimenting with these substances as a remedy for tinnitus
Tinnitus
Tinnitus |ringing]]") is the perception of sound within the human ear in the absence of corresponding external sound.Tinnitus is not a disease, but a symptom that can result from a wide range of underlying causes: abnormally loud sounds in the ear canal for even the briefest period , ear...
. He was buried at St Mary's, Wimbledon.
He was married, in August 1846, to Harriet (nee Holmes), daughter of Nathaniel Holmes.
They had nine children together, including economic historian Arnold Toynbee
Arnold Toynbee
Arnold Toynbee was a British economic historian also noted for his social commitment and desire to improve the living conditions of the working classes.-Biography:...
(1852–1883), and daughter Grace (nee Toynbee), who married Percy Faraday Frankland in 1882.
Another son, Harry Valpy Toynbee, was the father of universal historian
Universal history
Universal history is basic to the Western tradition of historiography, especially the Abrahamic wellspring of that tradition. Simply stated, universal history is the presentation of the history of humankind as a whole, as a coherent unit.-Ancient authors:...
Arnold J. Toynbee
Arnold J. Toynbee
Arnold Joseph Toynbee CH was a British historian whose twelve-volume analysis of the rise and fall of civilizations, A Study of History, 1934–1961, was a synthesis of world history, a metahistory based on universal rhythms of rise, flowering and decline, which examined history from a global...
, and archaeologist and art historian Jocelyn Toynbee
Jocelyn Toynbee
Jocelyn Mary Catherine Toynbee was an English archaeologist and art historian. "In the mid-twentieth century she was the leading British scholar in Roman artistic studies and one of the recognized authorities in this field in the world."-Biography:Jocelyn Toynbee was the daughter of Harry Valpy...
.
Toynbee Geneology
Beginning with Joseph, the Toynbees have been prominent in British intellectual society for several generations (note that this diagram is not a comprehensive Toynbee family tree):External sources
- Sketches of Otohistory; Origins of Otology in the British Isles: Wilde and Toynbee by Joseph E Hawkins
- Adam Politzer studies by Dr. Albert Mudry
- New General Catalog of Old Books and Authors