Juana Enríquez
Encyclopedia
Juana Enriquez de Córdoba, 5th Lady of Casarrubios del Monte (1425 – 13 February 1468, Tarragona
), was a Castilian noblewoman who became Queen
of the Kingdoms of the Crown of Aragon
.
, 4th Lady of Casarrubios del Monte
. Born in Torrelobatón
, she was a great-great granddaughter of Alfonso XI of Castile
. She succeeded her mother in 1431. Juana married John II of Navarre
in April 1444, three years after death of his first wife, Queen Blanche I of Navarre
.
Although John ceased to be de jure uxoris
monarch of Navarre on his wife's death, he never ceded power to his heir, Charles, Prince of Viana, and Juana was thus styled Queen of Navarre. Juana supported her husband in his decision not to cede power to his son and later to his daughter, who was de jure
Blanche II of Navarre
. Such breaking of the law of succession led to a confrontation with the Generalitat of Catalonia and a conflict between farmers and nobles, the outbreak of Navarrese Civil War
. Accused of having ordered the poisoning of Carlos, her stepson, who died in 1461, Juana fled to Girona
, seeking the protection of the bishop.
Juana became Queen of the Crown of Aragon, including Barcelona-Catalonia, Majorca, Valencia, and Sicily in 1458 on the death of her brother-in-law, King Alfonso V of Aragon
. Queen Juana's children were Ferdinand II of Aragon
who married the future Queen Isabella I of Castile
and reigned with her
as King of Castile, and Joanna, who married Ferdinand I of Naples
and thus became Queen of Naples.
Juana's greatest wish was to have her son married to Infanta Isabella
, half-sister and heiress presumptive of King Henry IV of Castile
. Ferdinand did marry Isabella and their marriage, which lasted for 35 years, produced a prince and four queens. However, Juana died on 13 February 1468 from breast cancer
, a year before the marriage occurred. She was survived by her husband, who never remarried and reigned until his death in 1479.
Tarragona
Tarragona is a city located in the south of Catalonia on the north-east of Spain, by the Mediterranean. It is the capital of the Spanish province of the same name and the capital of the Catalan comarca Tarragonès. In the medieval and modern times it was the capital of the Vegueria of Tarragona...
), was a Castilian noblewoman who became Queen
Queen consort
A queen consort is the wife of a reigning king. A queen consort usually shares her husband's rank and holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles. Historically, queens consort do not share the king regnant's political and military powers. Most queens in history were queens consort...
of the Kingdoms of the Crown of Aragon
Crown of Aragon
The Crown of Aragon Corona d'Aragón Corona d'Aragó Corona Aragonum controlling a large portion of the present-day eastern Spain and southeastern France, as well as some of the major islands and mainland possessions stretching across the Mediterranean as far as Greece...
.
Biography
She was a daughter of Fadrique Enríquez, Count of Melba and Rueda and Mariana Fernández de Córdoba y AyalaMariana Fernández de Córdoba y Ayala
Mariana Fernández de Córdoba y Ayala , also known as Mariana de Ayala Córdoba y Toledo, was the fourth Lady of Casarrubios del Monte in the province of Toledo...
, 4th Lady of Casarrubios del Monte
Casarrubios del Monte
Casarrubios del Monte is a municipality located in the province of Toledo, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2006 census , the municipality has a population of 4321 inhabitants....
. Born in Torrelobatón
Torrelobatón
Torrelobatón is a municipality located in the province of Valladolid, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census , the municipality has a population of 577 inhabitants....
, she was a great-great granddaughter of Alfonso XI of Castile
Alfonso XI of Castile
Alfonso XI was the king of Castile, León and Galicia.He was the son of Ferdinand IV of Castile and his wife Constance of Portugal. Upon his father's death in 1312, several disputes ensued over who would hold regency, which were resolved in 1313...
. She succeeded her mother in 1431. Juana married John II of Navarre
John II of Aragon
John II the Faithless, also known as the Great was the King of Aragon from 1458 until 1479, and jure uxoris King of Navarre from 1425 until his death. He was the son of Ferdinand I and his wife Eleanor of Alburquerque...
in April 1444, three years after death of his first wife, Queen Blanche I of Navarre
Blanche I of Navarre
Blanche I was Queen of Navarre from 1425 to 1441. She became queen regnant upon the death of her father King Charles III of Navarre...
.
Although John ceased to be de jure uxoris
Jure uxoris
Jure uxoris is a Latin term that means "by right of his wife" or "in right of a wife". It is commonly used to refer to a title held by a man whose wife holds it in her own right. In other words, he acquired the title simply by being her husband....
monarch of Navarre on his wife's death, he never ceded power to his heir, Charles, Prince of Viana, and Juana was thus styled Queen of Navarre. Juana supported her husband in his decision not to cede power to his son and later to his daughter, who was de jure
De jure
De jure is an expression that means "concerning law", as contrasted with de facto, which means "concerning fact".De jure = 'Legally', De facto = 'In fact'....
Blanche II of Navarre
Blanche II of Navarre
Blanche II of Navarre , titular queen of Navarre, was the daughter of John II of Aragon and Blanche I of Navarre. She was also Princess of Asturias by marriage....
. Such breaking of the law of succession led to a confrontation with the Generalitat of Catalonia and a conflict between farmers and nobles, the outbreak of Navarrese Civil War
Navarrese Civil War (1451–1455)
The Navarrese Civil War of 1451–1455 pitted John II of the Kingdom of Navarre against his son and heir-apparent, Charles IV.When the war started, John II had been King of Navarre since 1425 through his first wife, Blanche I of Navarre, who had married him in 1420. By the marriage pact of 1419, John...
. Accused of having ordered the poisoning of Carlos, her stepson, who died in 1461, Juana fled to Girona
Girona
Girona is a city in the northeast of Catalonia, Spain at the confluence of the rivers Ter, Onyar, Galligants and Güell, with an official population of 96,236 in January 2009. It is the capital of the province of the same name and of the comarca of the Gironès...
, seeking the protection of the bishop.
Juana became Queen of the Crown of Aragon, including Barcelona-Catalonia, Majorca, Valencia, and Sicily in 1458 on the death of her brother-in-law, King Alfonso V of Aragon
Alfonso V of Aragon
Alfonso the Magnanimous KG was the King of Aragon , Valencia , Majorca, Sardinia and Corsica , and Sicily and Count of Barcelona from 1416 and King of Naples from 1442 until his death...
. Queen Juana's children were Ferdinand II of Aragon
Ferdinand II of Aragon
Ferdinand the Catholic was King of Aragon , Sicily , Naples , Valencia, Sardinia, and Navarre, Count of Barcelona, jure uxoris King of Castile and then regent of that country also from 1508 to his death, in the name of...
who married the future Queen Isabella I of Castile
Isabella I of Castile
Isabella I was Queen of Castile and León. She and her husband Ferdinand II of Aragon brought stability to both kingdoms that became the basis for the unification of Spain. Later the two laid the foundations for the political unification of Spain under their grandson, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor...
and reigned with her
Jure uxoris
Jure uxoris is a Latin term that means "by right of his wife" or "in right of a wife". It is commonly used to refer to a title held by a man whose wife holds it in her own right. In other words, he acquired the title simply by being her husband....
as King of Castile, and Joanna, who married Ferdinand I of Naples
Ferdinand I of Naples
Ferdinand I , also called Don Ferrante, was the King of Naples from 1458 to 1494. He was the natural son of Alfonso V of Aragon by Giraldona Carlino.-Biography:...
and thus became Queen of Naples.
Juana's greatest wish was to have her son married to Infanta Isabella
Isabella I of Castile
Isabella I was Queen of Castile and León. She and her husband Ferdinand II of Aragon brought stability to both kingdoms that became the basis for the unification of Spain. Later the two laid the foundations for the political unification of Spain under their grandson, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor...
, half-sister and heiress presumptive of King Henry IV of Castile
Henry IV of Castile
Henry IV , King of the Crown of Castile, nicknamed the Impotent , was the last of the weak late medieval kings of Castile...
. Ferdinand did marry Isabella and their marriage, which lasted for 35 years, produced a prince and four queens. However, Juana died on 13 February 1468 from breast cancer
Breast cancer
Breast cancer is cancer originating from breast tissue, most commonly from the inner lining of milk ducts or the lobules that supply the ducts with milk. Cancers originating from ducts are known as ductal carcinomas; those originating from lobules are known as lobular carcinomas...
, a year before the marriage occurred. She was survived by her husband, who never remarried and reigned until his death in 1479.