Jules Tinel
Encyclopedia
Jules Tinel was a French
neurologist
remembered for describing Tinel's sign.
. He became externe des hôpitaux in 1901 and interne in 1906. He studied under Charles Emile Troisier
, Joseph Jules Dejerine
, Louis Théophile Joseph Landouzy
and Arnold Netter, and was inspired to study neurology by Dejerine. He received his M.D.
in 1910 with a thesis on nerve involvement of tabes
which came from work done with Dejerine, Landouzy and Laennec
. He became chef de clinique
in 1911 and chief of the laboratory at the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital
in 1913.
In 1914 he was called up, and became head of the neurological centre at Le Mans
. ). In Autumn 1915, he published his famous article about the distal regeneration sign, then baptised Tinel sign. In 1916, he published in French an amazing book about the cutaneous nerves distribution of the whole body. Each aesthesiography is a mapping of the hypoaesthetic area induced by the nerve injury. In 1917, this book has been translated in English After he was demobilised
in 1919 he worked on psychosomatic medicine. He was associated with the first description of a phaeochromocytoma in 1922. He worked as a physician in La Rochefoucauld
from 1922 to 1936, then in Beaujon until 1940, and in Boucicaut until his retirement in 1945. He became unwell in 1939 with heart disease
, but returned to work after a few months.
During the Second World War Tinel was active in the French Resistance
. He hid allied airmen whom his son Jacques would then smuggle from France to Spain
. When Jacques was arrested Tinel searched for him in Bayonne
and was himself arrested and imprisoned in Bordeaux
. His wife and second son were also arrested and imprisoned in Fresnes. Tinel was released after several months, but Jacques was sent to Mittelbau-Dora
where he died.
After his retirement in 1945 Tinel continued to work in Boucicaut. In 1947 he had an episode of aphasia
which recovered after some weeks, and he returned to work. He died in 1952 of heart failure.
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
neurologist
Neurologist
A neurologist is a physician who specializes in neurology, and is trained to investigate, or diagnose and treat neurological disorders.Neurology is the medical specialty related to the human nervous system. The nervous system encompasses the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. A specialist...
remembered for describing Tinel's sign.
Biography
Jules Tinel was born in 1879 into a family with a five generation history of medical professionals. He studied in Rouen before moving to ParisParis
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
. He became externe des hôpitaux in 1901 and interne in 1906. He studied under Charles Emile Troisier
Charles Emile Troisier
Charles Emile Troisier was a French doctor.The following are named for him:* Troisier's sign, a hard, enlarged, left supraclavicular lymph node.* Troisier-Hanot-Chauffard syndrome, a form of diabetes mellitus-References:...
, Joseph Jules Dejerine
Joseph Jules Dejerine
Joseph Jules Dejerine , was a French neurologist.Joseph Jules Dejerine was born to French parents in Geneva, Switzerland, where his father was a carriage proprietor. During the Franco-Prussian War Dejerine worked as a volunteer in a Geneva Hospital and in the spring of 1871 decided to pursue his...
, Louis Théophile Joseph Landouzy
Louis Théophile Joseph Landouzy
Louis Théophile Joseph Landouzy was a French neurologist from Reims, and whose father and grandfather were also physicians. He studied medicine in Reims and Paris, earning his doctorate in 1876...
and Arnold Netter, and was inspired to study neurology by Dejerine. He received his M.D.
Doctor of Medicine
Doctor of Medicine is a doctoral degree for physicians. The degree is granted by medical schools...
in 1910 with a thesis on nerve involvement of tabes
Tabes dorsalis
Tabes dorsalis is a slow degeneration of the sensory neurons that carry afferent information. The degenerating nerves are in the dorsal columns of the spinal cord and carry information that help maintain a person's sense of position , vibration, and discriminative touch.-Cause:Tabes dorsalis is...
which came from work done with Dejerine, Landouzy and Laennec
René Laennec
René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laennec was a French physician. He invented the stethoscope in 1816, while working at the Hôpital Necker and pioneered its use in diagnosing various chest conditions....
. He became chef de clinique
Residency (medicine)
Residency is a stage of graduate medical training. A resident physician or resident is a person who has received a medical degree , Podiatric degree , Dental Degree and who practices...
in 1911 and chief of the laboratory at the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital
Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital
The Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital is a teaching hospital located in Paris, France. Part of the Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, it is one of Europe's largest hospitals...
in 1913.
In 1914 he was called up, and became head of the neurological centre at Le Mans
Le Mans
Le Mans is a city in France, located on the Sarthe River. Traditionally the capital of the province of Maine, it is now the capital of the Sarthe department and the seat of the Roman Catholic diocese of Le Mans. Le Mans is a part of the Pays de la Loire region.Its inhabitants are called Manceaux...
. ). In Autumn 1915, he published his famous article about the distal regeneration sign, then baptised Tinel sign. In 1916, he published in French an amazing book about the cutaneous nerves distribution of the whole body. Each aesthesiography is a mapping of the hypoaesthetic area induced by the nerve injury. In 1917, this book has been translated in English After he was demobilised
Demobilization
Demobilization is the process of standing down a nation's armed forces from combat-ready status. This may be as a result of victory in war, or because a crisis has been peacefully resolved and military force will not be necessary...
in 1919 he worked on psychosomatic medicine. He was associated with the first description of a phaeochromocytoma in 1922. He worked as a physician in La Rochefoucauld
La Rochefoucauld, Charente
La Rochefoucauld is a commune in the Charente department in southwestern France.It lies very close to the line which delineated occupied France and Vichy France during World War II.-Etymology:...
from 1922 to 1936, then in Beaujon until 1940, and in Boucicaut until his retirement in 1945. He became unwell in 1939 with heart disease
Heart disease
Heart disease, cardiac disease or cardiopathy is an umbrella term for a variety of diseases affecting the heart. , it is the leading cause of death in the United States, England, Canada and Wales, accounting for 25.4% of the total deaths in the United States.-Types:-Coronary heart disease:Coronary...
, but returned to work after a few months.
During the Second World War Tinel was active in the French Resistance
French Resistance
The French Resistance is the name used to denote the collection of French resistance movements that fought against the Nazi German occupation of France and against the collaborationist Vichy régime during World War II...
. He hid allied airmen whom his son Jacques would then smuggle from France to Spain
Spain
Spain , officially the Kingdom of Spain languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Spain's official name is as follows:;;;;;;), is a country and member state of the European Union located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula...
. When Jacques was arrested Tinel searched for him in Bayonne
Bayonne
Bayonne is a city and commune in south-western France at the confluence of the Nive and Adour rivers, in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department, of which it is a sub-prefecture...
and was himself arrested and imprisoned in Bordeaux
Bordeaux
Bordeaux is a port city on the Garonne River in the Gironde department in southwestern France.The Bordeaux-Arcachon-Libourne metropolitan area, has a population of 1,010,000 and constitutes the sixth-largest urban area in France. It is the capital of the Aquitaine region, as well as the prefecture...
. His wife and second son were also arrested and imprisoned in Fresnes. Tinel was released after several months, but Jacques was sent to Mittelbau-Dora
Mittelbau-Dora
Mittelbau-Dora was a Nazi Germany labour camp that provided workers for the Mittelwerk V-2 rocket factory in the Kohnstein, situated near Nordhausen, Germany....
where he died.
After his retirement in 1945 Tinel continued to work in Boucicaut. In 1947 he had an episode of aphasia
Aphasia
Aphasia is an impairment of language ability. This class of language disorder ranges from having difficulty remembering words to being completely unable to speak, read, or write....
which recovered after some weeks, and he returned to work. He died in 1952 of heart failure.