Julii Caesares is a subdivision of the patrician Julii

Julius

The gens Julia was one of the most ancient patrician families at Ancient Rome. Members of the gens attained the highest dignities of the state in the earliest times of the Republic. The first of the family to obtain the consulship was Gaius Julius Iulus in 489 BC...

 family in the Roman Republic

Roman Republic

The Roman Republic was the period of the ancient Roman civilization where the government operated as a republic. It began with the overthrow of the Roman monarchy, traditionally dated around 508 BC, and its replacement by a government headed by two consuls, elected annually by the citizens and...

, and the beginnings of the Julian side of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty

Julio-Claudian Dynasty

The Julio-Claudian dynasty normally refers to the first five Roman Emperors: Augustus, Tiberius, Caligula , Claudius, and Nero, or the family to which they belonged; they ruled the Roman Empire from its formation, in the second half of the 1st century BC, until AD 68, when the last of the line,...

. All its members had the nomen  Julius

Julius

The gens Julia was one of the most ancient patrician families at Ancient Rome. Members of the gens attained the highest dignities of the state in the earliest times of the Republic. The first of the family to obtain the consulship was Gaius Julius Iulus in 489 BC...

 and the cognomen Caesar and can only be told apart by numbers and differing praenomina.

Male members

Descendance (includes adoptions from Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar

Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....

's posthumous adoption of his nephew Octavian

Augustus

Augustus ;23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14) is considered the first emperor of the Roman Empire, which he ruled alone from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD.The dates of his rule are contemporary dates; Augustus lived under two calendars, the Roman Republican until 45 BC, and the Julian...

):

Vertical descendancy tree

Horizontal descendancy tree

`Lucius Julius Libo

Lucius Julius Libo

Lucius Julius Libo was a member of the influential Julii clan. This patrician family was always of the most distinguished blood, however they had long since fallen out of the inner Roman elite. The Julii were active in politics since the Punic Wars....

 (consul 267 BC)
`--Lucius Julius Libo II
`--Numerius Julius Caesar (b. bef. 300 BC)
`--Lucius Julius Caesar I
`--Sextus Julius Caesar I (fl.

Floruit

Floruit , abbreviated fl. , is a Latin verb meaning "flourished", denoting the period of time during which something was active...

 200 BC, military tribune, governor of Liguria)
|--Sextus Julius Caesar II Postumus (consul 156 BC)
| `--Lucius Julius Caesar II
| |--Gaius Julius Caesar Strabo Vopiscus

Gaius Julius Caesar Strabo Vopiscus

Gaius Julius Caesar Strabo Vopiscus was the younger son to Lucius Julius Caesar II and his wife Poppilia and younger brother to Lucius Julius Caesar III...

 (c.130 BC - 87 BC, quaestor, aedile, killed by partisans of Marius)
| `--Lucius Julius Caesar III (d. 87 BC, praetor 94 BC, consul 90 BC, killed by partisans of Marius)
| `--Lucius Julius Caesar IV (d. aft. 43 BC, consul 63 BC)
| `--Lucius Julius Caesar V (proquaestor 46 BC, killed soon aft. Battle of Thapsus)
`--Gaius Julius Caesar I

Gaius Julius Caesar I

Gaius Julius Caesar I was the son of Sextus Julius Caesar I, and the father of Gaius Julius Caesar II. He was Praetor in 166 BC under the nomen Lucius.He was the great-grandfather of Julius Caesar, the last sole ruler of the Roman Republic.-See also:...

`--Gaius Julius Caesar II

Gaius Julius Caesar II

Gaius Julius Caesar II, son of Gaius Julius Caesar I, married to Marcia, sister of the consul Quintus Marcius Rex. He was the father of Gaius Julius Caesar III, Sextus Julius Caesar III and Julia Caesaris, wife of Gaius Marius...

 (also had a daughter: Julia Caesaris, wife of Gaius Marius)
|--Sextus Julius Caesar III (d. 90 BC or 89 BC, consul 91 BC, military commander, supporter of Marius)
| `--Sextus Julius Caesar IV (quaestor in 48 BC, military commander in Syria, friend of Julius Caesar)
`--Gaius Julius Caesar III (c. 135 BC – 85 BC, quaestor, praetor, supporter of Marius

Gaius Marius

Gaius Marius was a Roman general and statesman. He was elected consul an unprecedented seven times during his career. He was also noted for his dramatic reforms of Roman armies, authorizing recruitment of landless citizens, eliminating the manipular military formations, and reorganizing the...

)
`--Gaius Julius Caesar

Julius Caesar

Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....

 IV (100 BC – 44 BC, consul, dictator, etc.)
|(by adoption)
`--Augustus

Augustus

Augustus ;23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14) is considered the first emperor of the Roman Empire, which he ruled alone from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD.The dates of his rule are contemporary dates; Augustus lived under two calendars, the Roman Republican until 45 BC, and the Julian...

 (Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus, 63 BC – AD 14, emperor)
|(by adoption)
|--Gaius Julius Caesar

Gaius Caesar

Gaius Julius Caesar , most commonly known as Gaius Caesar or Caius Caesar, was the oldest son of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder...

 (20 BC – AD 4)
|--Lucius Julius Caesar

Lucius Julius Caesar

In Ancient Rome, several men of the Julii Caesares family were named Lucius Julius Caesar. Distinct by their praenomen, "Lucius", none of these members of the Julii Caesares family can be confused with their distant relative and much more famous Gaius Julius Caesar, the Roman who conquered Gaul,...

 (17 BC – AD 2)
`--Tiberius

Tiberius

Tiberius , was Roman Emperor from 14 AD to 37 AD. Tiberius was by birth a Claudian, son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla. His mother divorced Nero and married Augustus in 39 BC, making him a step-son of Octavian...

 (Tiberius Caesar Augustus, 42 BC – AD 37, Emperor from AD 14)
|--Drusus the Younger (Julius Caesar Drusus, 13 BC – AD 23, military commander, etc.)
|(by adoption)
`--Germanicus

Germanicus

Germanicus Julius Caesar , commonly known as Germanicus, was a member of the Julio-Claudian dynasty and a prominent general of the early Roman Empire. He was born in Rome, Italia, and was named either Nero Claudius Drusus after his father or Tiberius Claudius Nero after his uncle...

 (Germanicus Julius Caesar, 15 BC – AD 19, military commander, etc.)
`--Caligula

Caligula

Caligula , also known as Gaius, was Roman Emperor from 37 AD to 41 AD. Caligula was a member of the house of rulers conventionally known as the Julio-Claudian dynasty. Caligula's father Germanicus, the nephew and adopted son of Emperor Tiberius, was a very successful general and one of Rome's most...

 (Gaius Julius Caesar Germanicus, AD 12 – AD 41, Emperor from AD 37)

Gaius

• Gaius Julius Caesar I
  Gaius Julius Caesar I
  Gaius Julius Caesar I was the son of Sextus Julius Caesar I, and the father of Gaius Julius Caesar II. He was Praetor in 166 BC under the nomen Lucius.He was the great-grandfather of Julius Caesar, the last sole ruler of the Roman Republic.-See also:...
  
  
• Gaius Julius Caesar II
  Gaius Julius Caesar II
  Gaius Julius Caesar II, son of Gaius Julius Caesar I, married to Marcia, sister of the consul Quintus Marcius Rex. He was the father of Gaius Julius Caesar III, Sextus Julius Caesar III and Julia Caesaris, wife of Gaius Marius...
  
  
• Gaius Julius Caesar Strabo Vopiscus
  Gaius Julius Caesar Strabo Vopiscus
  Gaius Julius Caesar Strabo Vopiscus was the younger son to Lucius Julius Caesar II and his wife Poppilia and younger brother to Lucius Julius Caesar III...
  
  
• Gaius Julius Caesar III
• Julius Caesar
  Julius Caesar
  Gaius Julius Caesar was a Roman general and statesman and a distinguished writer of Latin prose. He played a critical role in the gradual transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire....
  
   (Gaius Julius Caesar IV) the dictator, most famous member
• Augustus
  Augustus
  Augustus ;23 September 63 BC – 19 August AD 14) is considered the first emperor of the Roman Empire, which he ruled alone from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD.The dates of his rule are contemporary dates; Augustus lived under two calendars, the Roman Republican until 45 BC, and the Julian...
  
  

Female members

Feminine names were their father's gens and cognomen declined in the female form, and so all female members are Julia Caesaris

Julia Caesaris

Julia Caesaris is the name of all women in the Julii Caesares patrician family , since feminine names were their father's gens and cognomen declined in the female form...