Juraj Jánošík
Encyclopedia
Jánošík has been the main character
Character (arts)
A character is the representation of a person in a narrative work of art . Derived from the ancient Greek word kharaktêr , the earliest use in English, in this sense, dates from the Restoration, although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749. From this, the sense of...
of many Slovak
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
legends, novel
Novel
A novel is a book of long narrative in literary prose. The genre has historical roots both in the fields of the medieval and early modern romance and in the tradition of the novella. The latter supplied the present generic term in the late 18th century....
s, poems, and films. According to the legend, he robbed nobles and gave the loot to the poor. The legend were also known in neighboring Silesia
Silesia
Silesia is a historical region of Central Europe located mostly in Poland, with smaller parts also in the Czech Republic, and Germany.Silesia is rich in mineral and natural resources, and includes several important industrial areas. Silesia's largest city and historical capital is Wrocław...
, the Margraviate of Moravia
Moravia
Moravia is a historical region in Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, and one of the former Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Silesia. It takes its name from the Morava River which rises in the northwest of the region...
and later spread to the Kingdom of Bohemia
Bohemia
Bohemia is a historical region in central Europe, occupying the western two-thirds of the traditional Czech Lands. It is located in the contemporary Czech Republic with its capital in Prague...
. The actual robber had little to do with the modern legend, whose content partly reflects the ubiquitous folk myths of a hero taking from the rich and giving to the poor. However, the legend was also shaped in important ways by the activists and writers in the 19th century when Jánošík became the key highwayman
Highwayman
A highwayman was a thief and brigand who preyed on travellers. This type of outlaw, usually, travelled and robbed by horse, as compared to a footpad who traveled and robbed on foot. Mounted robbers were widely considered to be socially superior to footpads...
character in stories that spread in the north counties of the Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
(present Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
) and among the local Gorals
Gorals
The Gorale are a group of indigenous people found along southern Poland, northern Slovakia, and in the region of Cieszyn Silesia in the Czech Republic...
and Polish tourists in the Podhale
Podhale
The Podhale is Poland's most southern region, sometimes referred to as the "Polish highlands". The Podhale is located in the foothills of the Tatra range of the Carpathian mountains, and is characterized by a rich tradition of folklore that is much romanticized in the Polish patriotic imagination...
region north of the Tatras
Tatra Mountains
The Tatra Mountains, Tatras or Tatra , are a mountain range which forms a natural border between Slovakia and Poland, and are the highest mountain range in the Carpathian Mountains...
(Tatra). The image of Jánošík as a symbol of resistance to oppression was reinforced when poems about him became part of the Slovak and Czech middle and high school literature curriculum, and then again with the numerous films that propagated his modern legend in the 20th century. During the anti-Nazi Slovak National Uprising
Slovak National Uprising
The Slovak National Uprising or 1944 Uprising was an armed insurrection organized by the Slovak resistance movement during World War II. It was launched on August 29 1944 from Banská Bystrica in an attempt to overthrow the collaborationist Slovak State of Jozef Tiso...
, one of the partisan groups bore his name.
Biography
Highwayman
A highwayman was a thief and brigand who preyed on travellers. This type of outlaw, usually, travelled and robbed by horse, as compared to a footpad who traveled and robbed on foot. Mounted robbers were widely considered to be socially superior to footpads...
Juraj Jánošík was born shortly before his baptism on January 25, 1688. His parents were Martin Jánošík and Anna Čišníková from Terchová. His godparents were Jakub Merjad and Barbara Krištofíková. His first name, ("George" in English) has been a very common name all over Europe and his last name is still common around his birthplace.
Jánošík was born and most certainly grew up in the village of Terchová
Terchová
Terchová is a large village and municipality in the Malá Fatra mountains in the Žilina District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.-History:...
(Tyerhova) in the Habsburg monarchy
Habsburg Monarchy
The Habsburg Monarchy covered the territories ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg , and then by the successor House of Habsburg-Lorraine , between 1526 and 1867/1918. The Imperial capital was Vienna, except from 1583 to 1611, when it was moved to Prague...
's Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
area, (present-day Žilina District
Žilina District
The Žilina District is an okres of the Žilina Region in north-western Slovakia.Until 1918, the district was part of the Hungarian county of Trenčín.The core of the district is situated in the Váh river valley...
in northwestern Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
). He fought with the Kuruc
Kuruc
The kuruc was a term used to denote the armed anti-Habsburg rebels in Royal Hungary between 1671 and 1711....
insurgents when he was fifteen. After the lost Battle of Trenčín
Battle of Trencín
The Battle of Trencsén was a battle between the Hungarian Kuruc forces of Francis II Rákóczi and the Imperial Army of the Habsburgs. The battle caused great losses for the Kuruc army, forcing them to give up their plans of obtaining allies in the War of the Spanish Succession against the Habsburgs...
, Jánošík was recruited by the Habsburg
Habsburg
The House of Habsburg , also found as Hapsburg, and also known as House of Austria is one of the most important royal houses of Europe and is best known for being an origin of all of the formally elected Holy Roman Emperors between 1438 and 1740, as well as rulers of the Austrian Empire and...
army. In autumn, 1710, as a young prison guard in Bytča
Bytca
Bytča is a town in northwestern Slovakia. It is located at the Váh river near the cities of Žilina and Považská Bystrica. It belongs to Upper Váh region of tourism.-History:...
(Nagybiccse), he helped the imprisoned Tomáš Uhorčík escape. They created a forest robber group and Jánošík became the leader at the age of 23, after Uhorčík left the group to settle in Klenovec. The group was active mostly in northwestern Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
(today's Slovakia), around the Váh
Váh
The Váh is the longest river in entire Slovakia. A left tributary of the Danube river, the Váh is 406 km long, including its Čierny Váh branch...
(Vág) river between Važec
Važec
Važec is a village and municipality in Liptovský Mikuláš District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia, at the foot of Kriváň, Slovakia's symbolic and often considered most beautiful mountain. It is a great place.-History:...
(Vázsec) and Východná
Východná
Východná is a village and municipality in Liptovský Mikuláš District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.-History:In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1269, at the foot of Kriváň, Slovakia's symbolic and often considered most beautiful mountain.-Geography:The municipality...
(Vichodna), but the territory of their activity extended also to other parts of today's Slovakia, as well as to Poland and Moravia. Most of their victims were rich merchants. Under Jánošík's leadership, the group was exceptionally chivalrous: They did not kill any of the robbed victims and even helped an accidentally injured priest. They are also said to share their loot with the poor and this part of the legend may be based on the facts too.
Jánošík was captured in the fall of 1712 and detained at the Mansion of Hrachov, but was released soon afterwards. He was captured again in spring of 1713, in the Uhorčík's residence in Klenovec
Klenovec
Klenovec is a village and municipality in the Rimavská Sobota District of the Banská Bystrica Region of southern Slovakia.-External links:*http://www.statistics.sk/mosmis/eng/run.html...
(Klenóc). Uhorčík lived there under the false name Martin Mravec at that time. According to a widespread legend, he was caught in a pub run by Tomáš Uhorčík, after slipping on spilled peas, thrown in his way by a treacherous old lady. Jánošík was imprisoned and tried in Liptovský Svätý Mikuláš (Liptószentmiklós, present Liptovský Mikuláš
Liptovský Mikuláš
Liptovský Mikuláš is a town in northern Slovakia, on the Váh River. It lies in the Liptov region, in Liptov Basin near the Low Tatra and Tatra mountains...
).
His trial took place on March 16 and March 17, 1713 when he was sentenced to death. The date of his execution was not recorded, but it was customary to carry it out as soon as the trial was over. The manner of his execution, not in public awareness until the early 19th century, became part of his modern legend. A hook was pierced through his left side and he was left dangling on the gallows to die. This brutal way of execution was reserved for leaders of robber bands. However, sources diverge about the way of his execution, and it is also possible, that Jánošík was hanged. A legend says that he refused the grace offered in exchange for enlisting soldiers of his abilities with the words: "If you have baked me so you should also eat me!" and jumped on the hook.
Other members of Jánošík's group
- Vrabel and Hunčiak (aka Huncaga) (so-called Turiak) from StaškovStaškovStaškov is a village and municipality in Čadca District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.- Geography :The municipality lies at an altitude of 451 metres and covers an area of 21.874km². It has a population of about 2,686 people....
(Sztaskó) - Jakub Chliastkov from OščadnicaOšcadnicaOščadnica is a village and municipality in Čadca District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia. The village is now a well known touristic resort, offering private apparments and agrobusiness. During the winter a ski resort Oščadnica-Veľká Rača is a popular destination.-Geography:The...
(Ócsad) - Ondráš from Dlhá nad KysucouDlhá nad KysucouDlhá nad Kysucou is a village and municipality in Čadca District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.-Geography:The municipality lies at an altitude of 520 metres and covers an area of 12.259km². It has a population of about 503 people....
(Dlhavölgy) - Ondrej Kindis from Dlhé PoleDlhé PoleDlhé Pole is a village and municipality in Žilina District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.-Geography:The municipality lies at an altitude of 392 metres and covers an area of 41.025km². It has a population of about 2039 people.-External links:...
(Dlhepole) - Plavčík from DunajovDunajovDunajov is a village and municipality in Čadca District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.-Geography:The municipality lies at an altitude of 373 metres and covers an area of 6.062km². It has a population of about 914 people.-External links:...
(Dunajó) - Pavol Bernatík from Nová BystricaNová BystricaNová Bystrica is a village and municipality in Čadca District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia, in the Kysuce region.-Geography:The municipality lies at an altitude of 526 metres and covers an area of 125.261km². It has a population of about 2855 people...
(Újbeszterce) - Kovalský and Bagaj from RakováRaková, Cadca DistrictRaková is a village and municipality in Čadca District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.- Geography :The municipality lies at an altitude of 427 metres and covers an area of 41.571km². It has a population of about 5120 people.- External links :...
(Trencsénrákó) - Kovalíček, Holubek and Valíček from MoraviaMoraviaMoravia is a historical region in Central Europe in the east of the Czech Republic, and one of the former Czech lands, together with Bohemia and Silesia. It takes its name from the Morava River which rises in the northwest of the region...
- Gavora, Satora and Oresiak from PolandPolish-Lithuanian CommonwealthThe Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was a dualistic state of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch. It was the largest and one of the most populous countries of 16th- and 17th‑century Europe with some and a multi-ethnic population of 11 million at its peak in the early 17th century...
Jánošík in film
- 1921 JánošíkJánošík (1921 film)Jánošík is a Slovak black-and-white silent film from 1921. It relates the popular legend of the highwayman Juraj Jánošík. It shows the filmmakers' experience with early American movies in camera work, in the use of parallel narratives, and in sequences inspired by Westerns...
– first Slovak feature filmCinema of SlovakiaThe cinema of Slovakia encompasses a range of themes and styles typical of European cinema. Yet there are a certain number of recurring themes that are visible in the majority of the important works. These include rural settings, folk traditions, and carnival...
; financed by Slovak-American Tatra Film Co.; director: Jaroslav Jerry Siakeľ, Jánošík: Theodor PištěkTheodor Pištek (actor)Theodor Pištěk was a Czech actor and film director. He appeared in 234 films between 1921 and 1959. He is the father of the costume designer Theodor Pištěk.-Selected filmography:* Kříž u potoka...
. (Based on this film UNESCO registers Slovakia as the tenth national cinema in the world that began to produce feature filmFeature filmIn the film industry, a feature film is a film production made for initial distribution in theaters and being the main attraction of the screening, rather than a short film screened before it; a full length movie...
s). - 1935 Jánošík – SlovakCinema of SlovakiaThe cinema of Slovakia encompasses a range of themes and styles typical of European cinema. Yet there are a certain number of recurring themes that are visible in the majority of the important works. These include rural settings, folk traditions, and carnival...
and Czech film; director: Martin Frič, Jánošík: Paľo Bielik. - 1954 Janosik – first PolishPolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
animation; director: Włodzimierz Haupe and Halina Bielińska. - 1963 Jánošík I and II – Slovak filmCinema of SlovakiaThe cinema of Slovakia encompasses a range of themes and styles typical of European cinema. Yet there are a certain number of recurring themes that are visible in the majority of the important works. These include rural settings, folk traditions, and carnival...
; director: Paľo Bielik, Jánošík: František Kuchta. - 1974 Janosik – PolishPolandPoland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
film; director: Jerzy PassendorferJerzy PassendorferJerzy Passendorfer was a Polish film director, specialising in films about the German occupation of Poland in World War II, and member of parliament....
, Janosik: Marek PerepeczkoMarek PerepeczkoMarek Perepeczko was a popular Polish movie and theatrical actor.Between 1960 and 1961 he appeared in Andrzej Konic's Poetic Studio in TVP . Perepeczko graduated from PWST in Warsaw in 1965. He debuted on the stage the same year...
. - 1974 JanosikJanosik (TV series)Janosik was a television series that aired in Poland in 1974. It is about a famous Polish highlander outlaw who in folk legends steals money and goods from the rich and helps out the poor....
– Polish 13-episode TV series; director: Jerzy PassendorferJerzy PassendorferJerzy Passendorfer was a Polish film director, specialising in films about the German occupation of Poland in World War II, and member of parliament....
, Janosik: Marek PerepeczkoMarek PerepeczkoMarek Perepeczko was a popular Polish movie and theatrical actor.Between 1960 and 1961 he appeared in Andrzej Konic's Poetic Studio in TVP . Perepeczko graduated from PWST in Warsaw in 1965. He debuted on the stage the same year...
. - 1976 HighwaymanHighwaymanA highwayman was a thief and brigand who preyed on travellers. This type of outlaw, usually, travelled and robbed by horse, as compared to a footpad who traveled and robbed on foot. Mounted robbers were widely considered to be socially superior to footpads...
Jurko / Zbojník Jurko – Slovak animated film; director: Viktor Kubal. - 1991 Highwayman Jurošík / Zbojník Jurošík – Slovak 28-episode animated TV series; director: Jaroslav Baran.
- 2009 Jánošík. The True Story / Jánošík. Pravdivá história / Janosik. Prawdziwa historia – Slovak-Polish-Czech coproduction; director: Agnieszka HollandAgnieszka HollandAgnieszka Holland is a Polish film and TV director and screenwriter. Best recognized for her highly political contributions to Polish cinema, Holland is one of Poland's most prominent filmmakers.-Personal life:...
and Katarzyna Adamik, Janosik: Václav Jiráček.
Jánošík in literature
- 1785 Slovak – Anon., "An Excellent Sermon by a Certain Preacher in the Days of the Chief HighwaymanHighwaymanA highwayman was a thief and brigand who preyed on travellers. This type of outlaw, usually, travelled and robbed by horse, as compared to a footpad who traveled and robbed on foot. Mounted robbers were widely considered to be socially superior to footpads...
Jánošík." Staré nowiny liternjho uměnj, May 1785. - 1809 Slovak – Bohuslav Tablic, "Jánošík, the HighwaymanHighwaymanA highwayman was a thief and brigand who preyed on travellers. This type of outlaw, usually, travelled and robbed by horse, as compared to a footpad who traveled and robbed on foot. Mounted robbers were widely considered to be socially superior to footpads...
of LiptovLiptovLiptó is the name of a historic administrative county of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in northern Slovakia.-Geography:...
County." Slowensstj Werssowcy. Collecta revirescunt. Swazek druhý. - 1814 Slovak – Pavol Jozef ŠafárikPavel Jozef ŠafárikPavol Jozef Šafárik Pavol Jozef Šafárik (Safáry / Schaffáry/ Schafary/ Saf(f)arik / Šafarík/ Szafarzik, Czech Pavel Josef Šafařík, German Paul Joseph Schaffarik, Serbian Павле Јосиф Шафарик, Latin Paulus Josephus Schaffarik, Hungarian Pál József Saf(f)arik) Pavol Jozef Šafárik (Safáry /...
, "Celebrating Slavic Lads." TatranskáTatra MountainsThe Tatra Mountains, Tatras or Tatra , are a mountain range which forms a natural border between Slovakia and Poland, and are the highest mountain range in the Carpathian Mountains...
Můza s ljrau Slowanskau. - 1829 Slovak lower nobleman in German – Johann Csaplovics, "Robbers." Gemälde von Ungern.
- 1845 Slovak lower nobleman – Štefan Marko DaxnerŠtefan Marko DaxnerŠtefan Marko Daxner was a Slovak lower nobleman, politician, lawyer, and poet. He was one of the most significant persons in Slovak history of the 19th century. He was a member of the Ľudovít Štúr generation.He studied at the Lutheran Lyceum of Bratislava and at the College of Prešov...
, "Jánošík's Treasure." Orol Tatránski. - 1846 Slovak – Ján Botto, "Jánošík's Song." Holubica, Zábavník Levočskích Slovákou.
- 1846 Slovak – Samo ChalupkaSamo ChalupkaSamo Chalupka was a Slovak romantic poet.- Life :Samo Chalupka was a younger brother of Ján Chalupka, another Slovak writer. Samo studied at the Evangelical Lutheran Lyceum in Bratislava and also in Vienna. He studied theology and philosophy...
, "Jánošík's Contemplation." Orol Tatránski. - 1862 Ján BottoJán BottoJán Botto was a Slovak poet, writer of Štúr generation and co-founder of the first Slovak gymnasium in Revúca.Born as a son of a farmer family, he began to attend Latin Gymnasium at Ožďany and from 1843 Evangelical lyceum at Levoča, where he wrote his first literal works...
, "The Death of Jánošík. A Romance." Lipa. — A key poem in Slovak literature and culture. - 1867 Slovak lower nobleman – Jonáš ZáborskýJonáš ZáborskýJonáš Záborský was a Slovak lower nobleman and writer. He was an author of tales, epigrams, allegorical-philosophical poems, satirical poems, historical dramas, comedies and stories.His notable works include:* Vstúpenie Krista do Raja * Lžedimitrijady * Najdúch *...
, Jánošík's Dinner. A Play in Four Acts With an Historical Background. A supplement to the journal Sokol. - 1875 Hungarian – "Jánosik and a Snitch." Nyitramegyei Szemle.
- 1884 Polish – August Wrześniowski, "A Story About Janosik." Pamięci Towarzystwa TatrzańskiegoTatra MountainsThe Tatra Mountains, Tatras or Tatra , are a mountain range which forms a natural border between Slovakia and Poland, and are the highest mountain range in the Carpathian Mountains...
. - 1884 Czech – Alois JirásekAlois JirásekAlois Jirásek was a Czech writer, author of historical novels and plays. Jirásek was a secondary-school teacher until his retirement in 1909. He wrote a series of historical novels imbued with faith in his nation and in progress toward freedom and justice...
, "About Jánošík." Staré pověsti české. - 1893 American in Slovak – Dobrý Slovák, Jánošík, the Lad of Freedom: A Legend of Times Gone By.
- 1894 American in Slovak – Gustáv Maršall-Petrovský, Jánošík, Captain of Mountain Lads – His Tumultuous Life and Horrific Death. A Novel. — A source of the screenplay for the 1921 Slovak film JánošíkJánošík (1921 film)Jánošík is a Slovak black-and-white silent film from 1921. It relates the popular legend of the highwayman Juraj Jánošík. It shows the filmmakers' experience with early American movies in camera work, in the use of parallel narratives, and in sequences inspired by Westerns...
. - 1900 American – George J. Krajsa, Janosik.
- 1905 Polish – Kazimierz Przerwa-TetmajerKazimierz Przerwa-TetmajerKazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer was a Polish poet, novelist, playwright, journalist and writer. He was a member of the Young Poland movement.-Life:...
, "The Legend of Janosik's Death." Poezje. - 1910 Czech – Jiří MahenJirí MahenJiří Mahen was a Czech novelist, playwright and essayist.- Life :He was born Antonín Vančura, in Čáslav, to an old noble family of the Moravian Brethren faith. In his grammar-school years he became an anarchist. He later studied linguistics of the Czech and German languages at Prague University...
, Jánošík. — A play, a source of the screenplay for the 1921 Slovak film JánošíkJánošík (1921 film)Jánošík is a Slovak black-and-white silent film from 1921. It relates the popular legend of the highwayman Juraj Jánošík. It shows the filmmakers' experience with early American movies in camera work, in the use of parallel narratives, and in sequences inspired by Westerns...
. - 1933 Slovak – Ján Hrušovský, "Jánošík." Slovenská politika. — Narrative newspaper strips published later as a novel.
- 1937 Polish – Stanisław Ryszard Dobrowolski, Janosik of TerchováTerchováTerchová is a large village and municipality in the Malá Fatra mountains in the Žilina District in the Žilina Region of northern Slovakia.-History:...
. - 1943 Slovak – Mária Rázusová-Martáková, Jánošík: A Rhymed Play in Five Acts.
- 1947 Polish – Stanisław Nedza-Kubiniec, Janosik: A Poem About the HighwaymanHighwaymanA highwayman was a thief and brigand who preyed on travellers. This type of outlaw, usually, travelled and robbed by horse, as compared to a footpad who traveled and robbed on foot. Mounted robbers were widely considered to be socially superior to footpads...
who Wanted to Make the World Equal. - 1955 Slovak – Mária Rázusová-Martáková, Tales about Jánošík.
- 1958 Polish – Jalu Kurek, Janosik...
- 1964 German – Käthe Altwallstädt, "Janosik and the Students." Die blaue Rose: Märchen aus Polen.
- 1969 Polish – Katarzyna Gaertner, music, and Ernest Bryll, lyrics, Painted on Glass. — A musical whose Bratislava production had the longest run in the history of Slovak theater.
- 1970 Slovak – Stanislav Štepka, Jááánošííík. — A spoof and the Slovak play with the longest run.
- 1972 Polish – Tadeusz Kwiatkowski, Janosik. — A graphic novelGraphic novelA graphic novel is a narrative work in which the story is conveyed to the reader using sequential art in either an experimental design or in a traditional comics format...
. - 1972 Serbian in Slovak – Štefan Gráf, Jur Jánošiak. — Parallel publication in SerbiaVojvodinaVojvodina, officially called Autonomous Province of Vojvodina is an autonomous province of Serbia. Its capital and largest city is Novi Sad...
(YugoslaviaYugoslaviaYugoslavia refers to three political entities that existed successively on the western part of the Balkans during most of the 20th century....
) and SlovakiaSlovakiaThe Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
(CzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakiaCzechoslovakia or Czecho-Slovakia was a sovereign state in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992...
). - 1976 Polish – Viera Gašparíková and Teresa Komorowska, Highwaymen'sHighwaymanA highwayman was a thief and brigand who preyed on travellers. This type of outlaw, usually, travelled and robbed by horse, as compared to a footpad who traveled and robbed on foot. Mounted robbers were widely considered to be socially superior to footpads...
Bounty. Polish and Slovak Tales from the TatrasTatra MountainsThe Tatra Mountains, Tatras or Tatra , are a mountain range which forms a natural border between Slovakia and Poland, and are the highest mountain range in the Carpathian Mountains...
. - 1979 Slovak – Ľubomír FeldekLubomír FeldekĽubomír Feldek is a Slovak poet, writer, playwright, and translator. He is married to Oľga Feldeková....
, Jánošík According to Vivaldi. — A spoof play. - 1980 Slovak – Margita FiguliMargita FiguliMargita Figuli was a Slovak prose writer, translator and author of literature for children and young people.-Biography:...
, A Ballad of Jur Jánošík. - 1980 Slovak – Ladislav Ťažký, Jánošík's Tear.
- 1984 Polish – Andrzej Kijowski, About A Good Commander and Ironcald Champion.
- 1985 American – John H. Hausner, "Jánošík, We Remember!" And Other Poems.
- 1993 Ukrainian in Polish – Василь Iванович Сави, Яносик, польська народна казка. — A picture book.
- 1994 Slovak – Anton Marec, Jánošík, Jánošík... (33 Legends About the Famous HighwaymanHighwaymanA highwayman was a thief and brigand who preyed on travellers. This type of outlaw, usually, travelled and robbed by horse, as compared to a footpad who traveled and robbed on foot. Mounted robbers were widely considered to be socially superior to footpads...
Commander.) - 2007 Polish – Sebastian Miernicki, Pan SamochodzikPan SamochodzikPan Samochodzik is a fictional art historian, journalist, renowned adventurer and historical detective created by Polish writer Zbigniew Nienacki. He is a main character in a series of adventures centering around historical mysteries and treasuers...
i Janosik.
In music
- Polish folk musicFolk musicFolk music is an English term encompassing both traditional folk music and contemporary folk music. The term originated in the 19th century. Traditional folk music has been defined in several ways: as music transmitted by mouth, as music of the lower classes, and as music with unknown composers....
group Trebunie-TutkiTrebunie-TutkiTrebunie-Tutki is a folk musical group consisting of a family of musicians originating from Biały Dunajec village near Zakopane, Poland. Though there are many members of the extended family that play music, the core musicians currently are Władysław Trebunia-Tutki , his son Krzysztof and daughter...
issued two albums:- 1992: Żywot Janicka Zbójnika ("Life of Janosik the Robber")
- 1993: Ballada o śmierci Janosika ("Ballad on the Death of Janosik")
External links
- Janosik, The Slovak Robin Hood In the Light of Documentary Evidence and Popular Legend Jánošík vo filme Juraj JÁNOŠÍK