Jurij Dalmatin
Encyclopedia
Jurij Dalmatin was a Slovene Lutheran minister, writer
and translator.
Born in Krško
in around 1546, Dalmatin became a preacher in Ljubljana
in 1572. He was the author of several religious books, such as Karšanske lepe molitve (Beautiful Christian Prayers, 1584), Ta kratki würtemberški katekizmus (The Short Württemberg Catechism, 1585), and Agenda (1589). However, his most important achievement is the complete translation of the Bible
into Slovene, which he allegedly wrote to a large extent at Turjak Castle
under the protection of the Carniolan governor, Herbard VIII von Auersperg
, and his son Christoph von Auersperg, who are said to have provided for the translator Dalmatin a "Wartburg
"-type sanctuary as had been offered to Martin Luther
by Frederick the Wise, the Elector of Saxony
. This, however, is refuted as pure legend.
The original title of Damatin's translation was Bibilija, tu je vse svetu pismu stariga inu noviga testamenta, slovenski tolmačena skuzi Jurija Dalmatina (The Bible: That Is, the Entire Holy Scripture of the Old and the New Testament, Translated into Slovene by Jurij Dalmatin), and it was published in 1584, printed in the Bohorič alphabet
. The translation set the norm for the Slovene standard language
(with later innovations in vocabulary
) until the first half of the 19th century.
Dalmatin died in Ljubljana in 1589.
Writer
A writer is a person who produces literature, such as novels, short stories, plays, screenplays, poetry, or other literary art. Skilled writers are able to use language to portray ideas and images....
and translator.
Born in Krško
Krško
Krško is a town and municipality in eastern Slovenia. The town lies on the Sava River. The area is traditionally divided between Lower Styria and Lower Carniola...
in around 1546, Dalmatin became a preacher in Ljubljana
Ljubljana
Ljubljana is the capital of Slovenia and its largest city. It is the centre of the City Municipality of Ljubljana. It is located in the centre of the country in the Ljubljana Basin, and is a mid-sized city of some 270,000 inhabitants...
in 1572. He was the author of several religious books, such as Karšanske lepe molitve (Beautiful Christian Prayers, 1584), Ta kratki würtemberški katekizmus (The Short Württemberg Catechism, 1585), and Agenda (1589). However, his most important achievement is the complete translation of the Bible
Bible
The Bible refers to any one of the collections of the primary religious texts of Judaism and Christianity. There is no common version of the Bible, as the individual books , their contents and their order vary among denominations...
into Slovene, which he allegedly wrote to a large extent at Turjak Castle
Turjak Castle
Turjak Castle is a 13th century castle located above the settlement of Turjak, part of the municipality of Velike Lašče in the Lower Carniola region of Slovenia...
under the protection of the Carniolan governor, Herbard VIII von Auersperg
Herbard VIII von Auersperg
Herbard VIII von Auersperg, Freiherr from 1550, Slovene name: Hervard Turjaški was a governor of Carniola supporting Protestantism, and an imperial Habsburg general in the wars against the Ottoman Empire.-Life and career:Herbard von Auersperg was born into one of the oldest Austrian families...
, and his son Christoph von Auersperg, who are said to have provided for the translator Dalmatin a "Wartburg
Wartburg
The Wartburg is a castle overlooking the town of Eisenach, Germany.Wartburg may also refer to:* Wartburgkreis, a district in Germany named after the Wartburg* Wartburg , former East German brand of automobiles, manufactured in Eisenach...
"-type sanctuary as had been offered to Martin Luther
Martin Luther
Martin Luther was a German priest, professor of theology and iconic figure of the Protestant Reformation. He strongly disputed the claim that freedom from God's punishment for sin could be purchased with money. He confronted indulgence salesman Johann Tetzel with his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517...
by Frederick the Wise, the Elector of Saxony
Frederick III, Elector of Saxony
Frederick III of Saxony , also known as Frederick the Wise , was Elector of Saxony from 1486 to his death. Frederick was the son of Ernest, Elector of Saxony and his wife Elisabeth, daughter of Albert III, Duke of Bavaria...
. This, however, is refuted as pure legend.
The original title of Damatin's translation was Bibilija, tu je vse svetu pismu stariga inu noviga testamenta, slovenski tolmačena skuzi Jurija Dalmatina (The Bible: That Is, the Entire Holy Scripture of the Old and the New Testament, Translated into Slovene by Jurij Dalmatin), and it was published in 1584, printed in the Bohorič alphabet
Bohoric alphabet
The Bohorič alphabet was an orthography used for the Slovene language between the 16th and 19th centuries. Its name is derived from Adam Bohorič, who codified the alphabet in his book Articae Horulae Succisivae, published in 1584....
. The translation set the norm for the Slovene standard language
Standard language
A standard language is a language variety used by a group of people in their public discourse. Alternatively, varieties become standard by undergoing a process of standardization, during which it is organized for description in grammars and dictionaries and encoded in such reference works...
(with later innovations in vocabulary
Vocabulary
A person's vocabulary is the set of words within a language that are familiar to that person. A vocabulary usually develops with age, and serves as a useful and fundamental tool for communication and acquiring knowledge...
) until the first half of the 19th century.
Dalmatin died in Ljubljana in 1589.
See also
- Primož TrubarPrimož TrubarPrimož Trubar or Primož Truber was a Slovene Protestant reformer, the founder and the first superintendent of the Protestant Church of the Slovene Lands, a consolidator of the Slovene language and the author of the first Slovene-language printed book...
- Adam BohoričAdam BohoricAdam Bohorič was a Slovene Protestant preacher, teacher and author of the first grammar of Slovene.Bohorič was born in the market town of Rajhenburg in the Duchy of Styria, on the border between Lower Carniola and Lower Styria...
- Sebastian KreljSebastian KreljSebastian Krelj, also known as Sebastjan Krelj, Sebastijan Krelj or Boštjan Krelj was a Slovene Protestant reformer, writer, theologian, linguist and preacher and regarded as one of the most educated Slovene Protestants of the 16th century..-Life and work:Krejl was born in Vipava, then part of...