Kaartinkaupunki
Encyclopedia
Kaartinkaupunki is a neighbourhood in the southern part of Helsinki
, Finland
.
Kaartinkaupunki consists of the area between the Esplanadi
park and the Tähtitornin vuori park. Its area was first confirmed in 1812, but the neighbourhood was only named in 1959. It is neighbourhood number 3 in Helsinki, belonging to the Ullanlinna
district and to the Southern main district. Kaartinkaupunki was named after the old Russian army barracks located near Kasarmitori. The oldest part of the barracks was built in 1822. It was originally built as a residence for the Helsinki training battalion, which later became the Guard of Finland.
The neighbourhood has a land area of 0.33 square kilometre (0.127413712335537 sq mi). In 2005, it had a population of 881, and in late 2003, it had 11,001 jobs.
Kaartinkaupunki includes the Esplanadi park, the Helsinki Market Square, and the Pohjoisesplanadi street. It does not include any of the buildings on Pohjoisesplanadi, because they belong to Kruununhaka
or Kluuvi
. The precise location of the neighbourhood can be seen from the Helsinki city plan map.
Helsinki
Helsinki is the capital and largest city in Finland. It is in the region of Uusimaa, located in southern Finland, on the shore of the Gulf of Finland, an arm of the Baltic Sea. The population of the city of Helsinki is , making it by far the most populous municipality in Finland. Helsinki is...
, Finland
Finland
Finland , officially the Republic of Finland, is a Nordic country situated in the Fennoscandian region of Northern Europe. It is bordered by Sweden in the west, Norway in the north and Russia in the east, while Estonia lies to its south across the Gulf of Finland.Around 5.4 million people reside...
.
Kaartinkaupunki consists of the area between the Esplanadi
Esplanadi
In the heart of Helsinki, the capital of Finland, the two streets constituting Esplanadi are officially named Pohjoisesplanadi and Eteläesplanadi...
park and the Tähtitornin vuori park. Its area was first confirmed in 1812, but the neighbourhood was only named in 1959. It is neighbourhood number 3 in Helsinki, belonging to the Ullanlinna
Ullanlinna
' is the southern-most city district of Helsinki, in Finland. The name Ullanlinna refers to the fortification line that was built at the southern edge of the area during the 18th century , as part of the town fortifications, which also included the fortress of . The name refers to the Swedish...
district and to the Southern main district. Kaartinkaupunki was named after the old Russian army barracks located near Kasarmitori. The oldest part of the barracks was built in 1822. It was originally built as a residence for the Helsinki training battalion, which later became the Guard of Finland.
The neighbourhood has a land area of 0.33 square kilometre (0.127413712335537 sq mi). In 2005, it had a population of 881, and in late 2003, it had 11,001 jobs.
Kaartinkaupunki includes the Esplanadi park, the Helsinki Market Square, and the Pohjoisesplanadi street. It does not include any of the buildings on Pohjoisesplanadi, because they belong to Kruununhaka
Kruununhaka
Kruununhaka is a neighbourhood of Helsinki, the capital of Finland.Kruununhaka became the area next to the harbour and the center, when Helsinki was moved from the earlier location in the mid-1660s...
or Kluuvi
Kluuvi
Kluuvi is the commercial centre of Helsinki, Finland, and a neighbourhood in the Vironniemi district of Helsinki. The Helsinki Central railway station, the Helsinki main post office, the Stockmann and Sokos department stores, the Kluuvi shopping centre and the main offices of Finnish banks are...
. The precise location of the neighbourhood can be seen from the Helsinki city plan map.
Sights
- The filling of the Helsinki Market Square area and its piers was started in 1813. The food market was moved from the Helsinki Senate SquareHelsinki Senate SquareThe Senate Square presents Carl Ludvig Engel's architecture as a unique allegory of political, religious, scientific and commercial powers in the centre of Helsinki, Finland.-Construction:...
to the current location of Havis AmandaHavis AmandaHavis Amanda is a nude female statue in Helsinki, Finland. It was sculpted by Ville Vallgren in 1906 in Paris, but was not erected at its present location at the Market Square in Kaartinkaupunki until 1908....
in 1818. The square was paved from 1830 to 1835. - The Cholera basinCholera basinThe Cholera basin is the established name for the western harbour basin in front of the Market Square in Helsinki, Finland.- History :The harbour basins were built in the early 19th century. At that time, the Market Square area consisted of the muddy Kaupunginlahti bay. Its shores had many shore...
is a harbour basin located next to the Market Square. It is popular among fishers selling their fish and tourist ships. The Helsinki harbour railHelsinki harbour railThe Helsinki harbour rail was a side rail track in Helsinki, Finland, built in the 1890s, and dismantled in 2009. Originally it led from the Helsinki Central railway station, via the city's coastline, to Katajanokka. Its original length was , but in its final stage, its length was only about . The...
, going to KatajanokkaKatajanokkaKatajanokka is a neighbourhood of Helsinki, Finland, with around 4000 inhabitants in 2005. The district is located adjacent to the immediate downtown area, though in the first major town plan for Helsinki from the mid-18th century, the area fell outside the fortifications planned to encircle the...
, used to pass by its side. A part of the original rail tracks and a turning bridge, used by pedestrians, remain of the harbour rail. The harbour rail was in use from 1894 to 1980. - The Esplanadi park was leveled starting from 1818. The oldest part of the park, the so-called Kappeliesplanadi ("Chapel Esplanade") was built starting from 1824. The park could only grow to its current proportions after the Kluuvinlahti bay was filled.
- The Smolnan, the celebration hall of the Finnish Senate, was designed by Carl Ludvig EngelCarl Ludvig EngelCarl Ludvig Engel, or Johann Carl Ludwig Engel , was a German architect known for his neoclassical style. He had a great impact on the architecture of Finland in the first part of the 19th century....
. It was completed in 1824 at Eteläesplanadi 6 and served as the residence for the Governor General of Finland for a long time. - The Esplanadikappeli was designed by Axel Hampus Dahlström. It was opened in 1867 and still serves as a restaurant.
- The market hall was completed in 1889 and still serves as a place to buy food.
- The Swedish TheatreSwedish TheatreThe Swedish Theatre is a Swedish-speaking theatre in Helsinki, Finland and is located at the Erottaja square, at the end of Esplanadi . It was the first national stage of Finland.- History :...
was built at Pohjoisesplanadi 2 in the place of an earlier theatre building in 1866. The building got its current appearance in 1936. - The oldest parts of the Erottaja fire station are from 1891, at Korkeavuorenkatu 26. The building also hosts a fire station museum. The base of the building has a plaque saying: "The Helsinki air defense was conducted from a bunker situated here from 1943 to 1944".
- The Kasarmitori area was leveled in 1815. Its name was confirmed in 1836. The money spent to level Kasarmitori was originally reserved to build a canal from Kauppatori to Kluuvinlahti along Esplanadi, to improve fire safety.
- The Rikhardinkatu library is from 1881.
- The Päivälehti museum is located on Ludviginkatu.
- The Finnish museum of building design was built in 1899 at Kasarmikatu 24.
- The Design museum was built in 1895 at Korkeavuorenkatu 23.
- The German church was built in 1864 at Unionikatu 1.
Literature
- Kaija Ollila, Kirsti Toppari: Puhvelista Punatulkkuun. Helsingin vanhoja kortteleita, Helsinki 1975, ISBN 951-9133-58-5.
- Henrik Lilius: Esplanadi 1800-luvulla, 1984, ISBN 87-85176-20-6.
- Elämää kaupungissa: Memoria 12, Helsinki 1998, ISBN 951-718-147-7.
- Riitta Mäkinen: Yksi talo, tuhat tarinaa. Agronomitalon historia 1901-2001, Helsinki 2001, ISBN 951-96301-4-7.
- Seija Sartti et al.: Eteläranta 10, 2002, ISBN 952-91-4919-0.