Kaliyan
Encyclopedia
Kali was the sixth fragment of the primordial manifestation of Kroni
Kroni
Kroni is a figure in Ayyavazhi mythology. He is the primordial manifestation of evil, and manifests in various forms of evil, such as Ravana and Duryodhana, in different ages or yugas. In order to counteract and destroy the evil of Kroni's manifestations, Mayon incarnates as Avatars such as Rama...

 (evil) according to Akilam
Akilattirattu Ammanai
Akilathirattu Ammanai , also called Thiru Edu , is the main religious text of the Tamil belief system Ayyavazhi...

, the source of Ayyavazhi mythology
Ayyavazhi mythology
Ayyavazhi mythology is the mythology of the growing South Indian religious faith and a sect of Hinduism known as Ayyavazhi. The main source of Ayyavazhi mythology is the Ayyavazhi scripture, Akilattirattu Ammanai, and its supplement, Arul Nool. The Akilattirattu Ammanai is a recitation by Mayon to...

 and the holy book of Ayyavazhi
Ayyavazhi
Ayyavazhi is a dharmic belief system that originated in South India in the 19th century. It is cited as an independent monistic religion by several newspapers, government reports and academic researchers. In Indian censuses, however, the majority of its followers declare themselves as Hindus...

 religion. Unlike other previous manifestations, Kali spread in this yugam
Yuga
Yuga in Hindu philosophy is the name of an 'epoch' or 'era' within a cycle of four ages. These are the Satya Yuga, the Treta Yuga, the Dvapara Yuga, and finally the Kali Yuga. According to Hindu cosmology, life in the universe is created, destroyed once every 4.1 to 8.2 billion years, which is...

 (yukam in Tamizh) as maya
Maya (illusion)
Maya , in Indian religions, has multiple meanings, usually quoted as "illusion", centered on the fact that we do not experience the environment itself but rather a projection of it, created by us. Maya is the principal deity that manifests, perpetuates and governs the illusion and dream of duality...

 (illusion). Details of Kali were restated in Ayyavazhi Religion and he is the same kali mentioned in [Kalki Puranam]]. Kali's vehicle is Golden ("Vitthakalai" in Tamizh . This is from Sanskrit Vitta means wealth, Kala means quality).

Kali Yugam

As the time is close to the ascendancy of Kali Yugam, a sage named Guru muni told Shiva
Sivan
Sivan is the ninth month of the civil year and the third month of the ecclesiastical year on the Hebrew calendar. It is a spring month of 30 days...

, "Your greatness, the Kroni
Kroni
Kroni is a figure in Ayyavazhi mythology. He is the primordial manifestation of evil, and manifests in various forms of evil, such as Ravana and Duryodhana, in different ages or yugas. In order to counteract and destroy the evil of Kroni's manifestations, Mayon incarnates as Avatars such as Rama...

 was created and fragmented into six and from that, five of them were made to take birth and since none obey you, all were destroyed by Vishnu
Vishnu
Vishnu is the Supreme god in the Vaishnavite tradition of Hinduism. Smarta followers of Adi Shankara, among others, venerate Vishnu as one of the five primary forms of God....

(Mayon/Thirumal in Tamizh), and his spirit (the spirit Vishnu took only in the Avatar
Avatar
In Hinduism, an avatar is a deliberate descent of a deity to earth, or a descent of the Supreme Being and is mostly translated into English as "incarnation," but more accurately as "appearance" or "manifestation"....

s) was kept in Parvatha Ucchi Malai
Parvatha Ucchi Malai
The Parvatha Ucchi Malai is a mythycal mountain believed to be near Ayotha Amirtha Gangai as per Akilattirattu Ammanai the source of Ayyavazhi mythology....

(In Sanksrit 'Uccha' means high, In Tamizh 'Malai' means Mountain. And by the sixth fragment, Kroni still has a birth in Kali Yugam." He also requested that in this yugam his sixth fragment should be created with a body with eight chans (spans - distance from the end of the thumb to the end of the little finger extended).

Accepting his request, Shiva replied, "Good, Won’t Vishnu
Vishnu
Vishnu is the Supreme god in the Vaishnavite tradition of Hinduism. Smarta followers of Adi Shankara, among others, venerate Vishnu as one of the five primary forms of God....

 had to come?" For that Deva Muni replied, "Vishnu was in his ‘Sleep of Wisdom’ (sleeping) in the world." Hearing this, Shiva assembled, Vasishta Guru of Govuha(? Needs Sanskrit equivalent), Devas
Deva (Hinduism)
' is the Sanskrit word for god or deity, its related feminine term is devi. In modern Hinduism, it can be loosely interpreted as any benevolent supernatural beings. The devs in Hinduism, also called Suras, are often juxtaposed to the Asuras, their half brothers. Devs are also the maintainers of...

 of Deiva Lokam, the members of Vaikunta Lokam Kinneras(Kina nathar in Tamizh), Kimpurusha(Kimburudar in Tamizh),and memebers from all other worlds. He also assembled all the Deiva Ganas. Then he asked the gathering, Is Vishnu in Vaikuntam? If he is not there, then where is he? Also they repeated that, Vishnu was dead lying (without any activities) in the lower world (Earth
Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets...

).

Hearing this Shiva replied, "All the previous five fragments were destroyed since they did not respect us. Now it’s his sixth birth and even in this he doesn’t realize it no other chances will be provided and he will be sentenced to death. And so in this birth he will be created as a human being with abilities of aesthetics
Aesthetics
Aesthetics is a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty, art, and taste, and with the creation and appreciation of beauty. It is more scientifically defined as the study of sensory or sensori-emotional values, sometimes called judgments of sentiment and taste...

, wisdom
Wisdom
Wisdom is a deep understanding and realization of people, things, events or situations, resulting in the ability to apply perceptions, judgements and actions in keeping with this understanding. It often requires control of one's emotional reactions so that universal principles, reason and...

, beauty
Beauty
Beauty is a characteristic of a person, animal, place, object, or idea that provides a perceptual experience of pleasure, meaning, or satisfaction. Beauty is studied as part of aesthetics, sociology, social psychology, and culture...

, and sharp intelligence. Also all in the previous Yuga
Yuga
Yuga in Hindu philosophy is the name of an 'epoch' or 'era' within a cycle of four ages. These are the Satya Yuga, the Treta Yuga, the Dvapara Yuga, and finally the Kali Yuga. According to Hindu cosmology, life in the universe is created, destroyed once every 4.1 to 8.2 billion years, which is...

s, Vishnu take the body of four spans and head one span. And in this yuga, Kali will be given the body of the same size of that of Vishnu in all previous yugas, so that he will have no chances for saying reason for his defeat as the previous ones. Does any one have any opinions about it?" All the Devas, chiranjeevin sage
Wise old man
The wise old man is an archetype as described by Carl Jung, as well as a classic literary figure, and may be seen as a stock character...

s, and the brahmin
Brahmin
Brahmin Brahman, Brahma and Brahmin.Brahman, Brahmin and Brahma have different meanings. Brahman refers to the Supreme Self...

s, those who read scriptures all accepted this and so Shiva decided to create Kali.

Birth of Kali

At the very next moment Shiva came to the decision, in the Earth the Kali, in human male form, pushed himself out of the earth in an inverted form. All of them were amazed and moved by this sight. All of them who witnessed it came to Sivan and reported it to him. At once Shiva rise from his seat and started walking to see this wonder. Then Nandhi/Nandheesha(Nantheesurar in Tamizh) came across him and said, "Your greatness, you are the one who can’t wholly known even by devas. Why Though was found here? Can I know it?" Sivan replied, "I heard that now there is a being, born inverted, against dhanam (money ) whose legs were towards sky and head towards flower (flower here - earth). So I am going there to witness the scene". Hearing this Nandhi replied, "Dhanam was overtaken not there, but here. At any situation you will be on your seat in Kayilai
Mount Kailash
Mount Kailash is a peak in the Gangdisê Mountains, which are part of the Himalayas in Tibet...

 and control every thing. But now all the practices were disintegrated. As you stood up from your seat the whole world will suffer and the dharmam gets disintegrated. Strategem will rule the world. The land will be in lack rainfall. The true scripture which tells about the Brahmam will be found lost there substances. By saying this Nandhi along with Siva return to Kailaasham.(Kayilai in Tamizh)

Nature of Kaliyan

Then in kailaasham, Nandhi told Shiva that, we shall call Chithira Buthira (Chithira Buthira in Tamizh) and ask him to tell about him. As per his request Chithra Gupta was called and was asked to tell about Kali. Then Chithra Gupta started telling about him. He was born from the sixth fragment of Kroni
Kroni
Kroni is a figure in Ayyavazhi mythology. He is the primordial manifestation of evil, and manifests in various forms of evil, such as Ravana and Duryodhana, in different ages or yugas. In order to counteract and destroy the evil of Kroni's manifestations, Mayon incarnates as Avatars such as Rama...

. His body was made by assembling earth
Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets...

, sky
Sky
The sky is the part of the atmosphere or outer space visible from the surface of any astronomical object. It is difficult to define precisely for several reasons. During daylight, the sky of Earth has the appearance of a pale blue surface because the air scatters the sunlight. The sky is sometimes...

 and fire
Fire
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material in the chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. Slower oxidative processes like rusting or digestion are not included by this definition....

. The water will be the strength of him. The vayu (air) will be the prana for him. And he will be the most cruel one, of all the six fragments. He also said that, Mayon
Mayon
Mayon may refer to:*Mayon, Cornwall*Mayon Volcano*In Tamil, Mayon is a name for Krishna....

, in the previous yugas, as Narasimha
Narasimha
Narasimha or Nrusimha , also spelt as Narasingh and Narasingha, whose name literally translates from Sanskrit as "Man-lion", is an avatar of Vishnu described in the Puranas, Upanishads and other ancient religious texts of Hinduism...

, Rama
Rama
Rama or full name Ramachandra is considered to be the seventh avatar of Vishnu in Hinduism, and a king of Ayodhya in ancient Indian...

, and Krishna
Krishna
Krishna is a central figure of Hinduism and is traditionally attributed the authorship of the Bhagavad Gita. He is the supreme Being and considered in some monotheistic traditions as an Avatar of Vishnu...

 take a body with 4 spans and so Kali in this yuga born with the body of same size and pushed himself out of earth.

By hearing this Shiva asked Chitra gupta to tell about his lifespan, qualities, and his power. And for that Chitra gupta, starts narrating, "As he was born without the instrumentality of normal human parentage, all the 96 Tatvas
Tatvas
Tatvas are the 96 qualities or properties of human body according to Akilattirattu Ammanai, the religious book of Ayyavazhi. They are as follows:-Gnanendriya - 5:The organs of sense#The eye - the organ of sight having visible formes as its object....

 in his physique as rude and unrefined and, would have his intelligence and five senses rooted in falsehood. His eye
Human eye
The human eye is an organ which reacts to light for several purposes. As a conscious sense organ, the eye allows vision. Rod and cone cells in the retina allow conscious light perception and vision including color differentiation and the perception of depth...

s, leg
Human leg
The human leg is the entire lower extremity or limb of the human body, including the foot, thigh and even the hip or gluteal region; however, the precise definition in human anatomy refers only to the section of the lower limb extending from the knee to the ankle.Legs are used for standing,...

s and head
Human head
In human anatomy, the head is the upper portion of the human body. It supports the face and is maintained by the skull, which itself encloses the brain.-Cultural importance:...

 will leads towards sin. His nature is not knowing the true nature of the things here. He has a life span of about hundred years. He will attain maturity at his age of fourteen. He will have about ten hundred thousand drop of semen
Semen
Semen is an organic fluid, also known as seminal fluid, that may contain spermatozoa. It is secreted by the gonads and other sexual organs of male or hermaphroditic animals and can fertilize female ova...

 in his body (Some claim this as 10 lakh drops of blood). He will attain full bodily maturity in the age of 31. The body of him which was built up with, blood, bone, veins and muscle are made up of water and earth, and this is used for nothing (useless). His body will have 9 openings outside. This toy ( here body) will be controlled by a bird (here soul
Soul
A soul in certain spiritual, philosophical, and psychological traditions is the incorporeal essence of a person or living thing or object. Many philosophical and spiritual systems teach that humans have souls, and others teach that all living things and even inanimate objects have souls. The...

) , and when it’s time for the bird to go, it fly away, leaving the toy here, and thereby the bird will have no relation with the toy. This bird and the body is free for him in this yuga. And till the bird is with him, his savageness couldn’t be tolerated. As his nature is like this, and as he is built up of savageness he will not be thankful.

Kali in Kailasham (Kayilai in Tamizh)

Hearing to these things, Shiva wants to see him so after a deep discussion he asked Yama
Yama (Hinduism)
Yama is the lord of death in Hinduism, first recorded in the Vedas. Yama belongs to an early stratum of Indo-Iranian theology. In Vedic tradition Yama was considered to have been the first mortal who died and espied the way to the celestial abodes, thus in virtue of precedence he became the ruler...

, the wicked demon
Demon
call - 1347 531 7769 for more infoIn Ancient Near Eastern religions as well as in the Abrahamic traditions, including ancient and medieval Christian demonology, a demon is considered an "unclean spirit" which may cause demonic possession, to be addressed with an act of exorcism...

s, durga
Durga
For the 1985 Hindi Film of Rajesh Khanna see DurgaaIn Hinduism, Durga ; ; meaning "the inaccessible" or "the invincible"; , durga) or Maa Durga "one who can redeem in situations of utmost distress" is a form of Devi, the supremely radiant goddess, depicted as having eighteen arms, riding a lion...

 and 3 crore devil
Devil
The Devil is believed in many religions and cultures to be a powerful, supernatural entity that is the personification of evil and the enemy of God and humankind. The nature of the role varies greatly...

s to bring him to kailasham. All of them went in front of him (kali) and told him that, "You are asked by Shiva to come to Kailasham". Kali rolled over, and still his head is inside the earth
Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It is also the largest of the Solar System's four terrestrial planets...

 and the earth is sticky. He was not able to come out. The sky
Sky
The sky is the part of the atmosphere or outer space visible from the surface of any astronomical object. It is difficult to define precisely for several reasons. During daylight, the sky of Earth has the appearance of a pale blue surface because the air scatters the sunlight. The sky is sometimes...

 was in ignorance. Kailasham trembled because of this. Those who witness this were shivered. So some of them came to Kailasham and told Shiva that, "Kali was not able to come out and the earth was suffering because of that." Shiva made a plan. He made a single fork using a kammalan (iron Smith) and asked Nandhi to carry him out using that fork. Nandhi took the fork and walked towards him. Then using it he took him out. And as soon as he did it the opening in the earth shut immediately. Then all of them unitedly pulled him to Kailasham and produced him in front of Shiva.

Birth of Durukthi(Kalicchi in Tamizh)

As Kali was produced in front of Shiva, he asked Kali to ask what he wants. Kali replied, "Was that fellow, by wearing a snake
Snake
Snakes are elongate, legless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes that can be distinguished from legless lizards by their lack of eyelids and external ears. Like all squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales...

 on his neck, and ash on forehead and seated on a skin of elephant, ready to give me what I need?" - Kali disgraced Shiva
Shiva
Shiva is a major Hindu deity, and is the destroyer god or transformer among the Trimurti, the Hindu Trinity of the primary aspects of the divine. God Shiva is a yogi who has notice of everything that happens in the world and is the main aspect of life. Yet one with great power lives a life of a...

. By hearing this the devas asked him, "Don’t disgrace him. He was the one who created the world and offer food for every life in the world. He was the light which was not even visible to Mayon
Mayon
Mayon may refer to:*Mayon, Cornwall*Mayon Volcano*In Tamil, Mayon is a name for Krishna....

 and Vethan. (This is an allusion to when Shiva appeared in a form of endless lingam
Lingam
The Lingam is a representation of the Hindu deity Shiva used for worship in temples....

 of light when there was a dispute between Mayon and Nathan as to who is the greatest and in order to subdue their pride.) He will be able to give what you claim." Then Kali asked, "If he was the one who creates the world ask him to create a beautiful girl for me."

As per his claim a lady named Durukthi was created from his left rib-bone. And then Kali understood the power of Sivan.

Kali Claiming boons

Seeing all these, the Devas
Deva (Hinduism)
' is the Sanskrit word for god or deity, its related feminine term is devi. In modern Hinduism, it can be loosely interpreted as any benevolent supernatural beings. The devs in Hinduism, also called Suras, are often juxtaposed to the Asuras, their half brothers. Devs are also the maintainers of...

 asked Kali to thank Shiva and asked him to claim the boons. Kali accepted this, saying, "Your highness, the one who creats me a lady, now gives me what I need." Shiva told, "Ask me what you want?" As Shiva agreed to offer him boons, he started asking boons which controls the whole Universe
Universe
The Universe is commonly defined as the totality of everything that exists, including all matter and energy, the planets, stars, galaxies, and the contents of intergalactic space. Definitions and usage vary and similar terms include the cosmos, the world and nature...

. All logas shivered on hearing the boons of Kali.

On hearing this Shiva
Shiva
Shiva is a major Hindu deity, and is the destroyer god or transformer among the Trimurti, the Hindu Trinity of the primary aspects of the divine. God Shiva is a yogi who has notice of everything that happens in the world and is the main aspect of life. Yet one with great power lives a life of a...

 asked Parvathi what to do. She replied, "All his claims must be fulfilled but it should be performed under technique." So Shiva created a man named Agastya
Agastya
Agastya was a Tamil/Vedic Siddhar or sage. Agastya and his clan are also generally credited with uncovering many mantras of the Rig Veda, the earliest and most revered Hindu scripture, in the sense of first having the mantras revealed in his mind by the Supreme Brahman...

(Agatheesar in tamizh, Agasthyar in Grantha Tamizh) with his mind in order to offer the boons. He was created with great knowledge of every subject. Then Shiva ordered him to give him all the boons Kali claimed. Obeying this Agastya Rushi offered all the boons and taught all subjects to him. After this Agyasthya met Sivan and told that, "Your greatness, all the techniques including the ‘technique of living forever’. Also the Chakram
Chakram
The chakram , sometimes called a war quoit, is a throwing weapon from India. Its shape is of a flat metal hoop with a sharp outer edge from in diameter...

 and Crown
Crown (headgear)
A crown is the traditional symbolic form of headgear worn by a monarch or by a deity, for whom the crown traditionally represents power, legitimacy, immortality, righteousness, victory, triumph, resurrection, honour and glory of life after death. In art, the crown may be shown being offered to...

 of Vishnu were bought by him as boons. If all these were with him it was impossible to destroy him."

Promise of Kali

Meanwhile, Vishnu came in front of Kali, as an old beggar(Pantaram in Tamizh) who was on his way to farewell Shiva. Then he asked Kali to donate him some of the boons which was given to him, otherwise defeat him and then proceed. The Kali said "You are an age old person. Also, you have no army and no sword
Sword
A sword is a bladed weapon used primarily for cutting or thrusting. The precise definition of the term varies with the historical epoch or the geographical region under consideration...

 or any weapons. If I quarrel with you, even the lady on my side will degrade me. So move aside and run away anywhere". Then Vishnu replied, "Then promise me that." Kali asked, "To promise on what" For that Vishnu said, "Promise on your boons, kingdom, your lady, your military and your dynasty." Kali promised, "Hereby I promised that, If I create any troubles to beggars earth, I, my lady, my boons, my kingdoms
Monarchy
A monarchy is a form of government in which the office of head of state is usually held until death or abdication and is often hereditary and includes a royal house. In some cases, the monarch is elected...

, military
Military
A military is an organization authorized by its greater society to use lethal force, usually including use of weapons, in defending its country by combating actual or perceived threats. The military may have additional functions of use to its greater society, such as advancing a political agenda e.g...

, all these will fail. I and my dynasty die and will go to hell." As kali promised so , Vishnu got the Chakram from him and cursed it as Money and gave it to him. As soon as it was cursed, the chakram asked Vishnu that, when this curse will finish. Vishnu replied, "When Kali was defeated it will be away from you." By carrying this money Kali told Durukthi that, we have now with us what ever we need. Then Kali went to Shiva and asked him to allow him to go to the world. By then Vishnu told to Devas
Deva (Hinduism)
' is the Sanskrit word for god or deity, its related feminine term is devi. In modern Hinduism, it can be loosely interpreted as any benevolent supernatural beings. The devs in Hinduism, also called Suras, are often juxtaposed to the Asuras, their half brothers. Devs are also the maintainers of...

 to write all the happenings perfectly, and walked towards Vaikuntam.

Kali entering the world

As Kali and Durukthi enter the world, there happened a Universal change. By seeing them all the good animal
Animal
Animals are a major group of multicellular, eukaryotic organisms of the kingdom Animalia or Metazoa. Their body plan eventually becomes fixed as they develop, although some undergo a process of metamorphosis later on in their life. Most animals are motile, meaning they can move spontaneously and...

s, birds, reptiles, and all ethics/Neethi in Samskrtham quit the world. Animal kindgdom started to experience immense torture. White Elephants, White Lions, White tigers, Five-headed Snakes, White Swans, White Cuckoos, White Doves, White Peacocks, White Cobras, White Wolfs, White Garudas, Hanuman, White Crows, White Deers, Good Rhinoceros, all moved towards Vaikuntam as Kali enters the world. The good Pearls, good Gems, the old Vedas, good Shastras, went away from the world. The Trishanku (Trichangu in Tamizh), went deep into the sea. All which originates in the sea went deep into the waters. Gold went into the earth. All the idols of Gods, temples and the sutras (formulas) think to go into the water and earth. The rain which, till then fall thrice in a month quits the world. Beautiful flowers left the world.

As the wicked Kali came to the world, the waves of sea became angry and washed away many parts of land. All the ethical people went into the forest from the country. There the eldest one among Pancha pandavas, Yudhisthira
Yudhisthira
In the great Hindu epic Mahabharata, Yudhisthira , the eldest son of King Pandu and Queen Kunti, was king of Indraprastha and later of Hastinapura. He was the leader of the Pandava side in the Kurukshetra War...

 asked the Dharma Neethi that, If all of you went away, how can we attain Vaikuntam. It replied that, as Kali came to the world we cannot be there so we were going towards Vishnu
Vishnu
Vishnu is the Supreme god in the Vaishnavite tradition of Hinduism. Smarta followers of Adi Shankara, among others, venerate Vishnu as one of the five primary forms of God....

. As they replied so, also the Panchapandavas followed them.
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