Kamp Schoorl
Encyclopedia
Kamp Schoorl was the first camp in the Netherlands. The camp was built in 1939 as a Dutch army camp.
Among the prisoners were also people from England, Belgium and France.After a few months the French and the Belgian were released. The English prisoners were transferred to a German camp Gleiwitz in September 1940.
The first Jews captured during the razzia (pogrom) of 22 and 23 February 1941
in Amsterdam
(Jonas Daniël Meyerplein) were transferred in an army truck to the camp. The group of 425 people only stayed for 4 days after which they are transferred to concentration camp Buchenwald
where they again are transferred in June 1941 to concentration camp Mauthausen. Only two of this group survived the war.
For about 1,900 people was the camp their first camp before being transferred to other camps. More than 1,000 of them never returned, mainly Jews and political prisoners.
The regime in the camp was mild compared to the other Dutch camps. There was not heavy labour and there was enough food.
The camp was closed by the Germans because the camp was too small and located between the dunes. It was not easy to enlarge it. In October 1941 the camp was closed. Some of the prisonars were released, but most of the prisoners were transferred to Kamp Amersfoort
. 25 women were directly transported to concentration camp Ravensbrück
.
Until the end of the war, militia of the Wehrmacht
and the Organisation Todt
used the camp as a base.
After the war the camp is used to imprison NSB
members and was finally demolished in 1950.
book written by Albert Boer
about the internment camp Schoorl
.
Among the prisoners were also people from England, Belgium and France.After a few months the French and the Belgian were released. The English prisoners were transferred to a German camp Gleiwitz in September 1940.
The first Jews captured during the razzia (pogrom) of 22 and 23 February 1941
February strike
The 1941 February Strike, also known as 'The Strike of February 1941', was a general strike organized during World War II in the Netherlands against the anti-Jewish measures and activities of the Nazis. Its direct causes were the pogroms held by the Germans in the Jewish neighbourhood of Amsterdam....
in Amsterdam
Amsterdam
Amsterdam is the largest city and the capital of the Netherlands. The current position of Amsterdam as capital city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands is governed by the constitution of August 24, 1815 and its successors. Amsterdam has a population of 783,364 within city limits, an urban population...
(Jonas Daniël Meyerplein) were transferred in an army truck to the camp. The group of 425 people only stayed for 4 days after which they are transferred to concentration camp Buchenwald
Buchenwald concentration camp
Buchenwald concentration camp was a German Nazi concentration camp established on the Ettersberg near Weimar, Germany, in July 1937, one of the first and the largest of the concentration camps on German soil.Camp prisoners from all over Europe and Russia—Jews, non-Jewish Poles and Slovenes,...
where they again are transferred in June 1941 to concentration camp Mauthausen. Only two of this group survived the war.
For about 1,900 people was the camp their first camp before being transferred to other camps. More than 1,000 of them never returned, mainly Jews and political prisoners.
The regime in the camp was mild compared to the other Dutch camps. There was not heavy labour and there was enough food.
The camp was closed by the Germans because the camp was too small and located between the dunes. It was not easy to enlarge it. In October 1941 the camp was closed. Some of the prisonars were released, but most of the prisoners were transferred to Kamp Amersfoort
Kamp Amersfoort
Amersfoort concentration camp was a Nazi concentration camp in Amersfoort in the Netherlands. The official name was "Polizeiliches Durchgangslager Amersfoort", P.D.A. or Police Transitcamp Amersfoort. During the years of 1941 to 1945, over 35,000 prisoners were kept here...
. 25 women were directly transported to concentration camp Ravensbrück
Ravensbrück concentration camp
Ravensbrück was a notorious women's concentration camp during World War II, located in northern Germany, 90 km north of Berlin at a site near the village of Ravensbrück ....
.
Until the end of the war, militia of the Wehrmacht
Wehrmacht
The Wehrmacht – from , to defend and , the might/power) were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It consisted of the Heer , the Kriegsmarine and the Luftwaffe .-Origin and use of the term:...
and the Organisation Todt
Organisation Todt
The Todt Organisation, was a Third Reich civil and military engineering group in Germany named after its founder, Fritz Todt, an engineer and senior Nazi figure...
used the camp as a base.
After the war the camp is used to imprison NSB
National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands
The National Socialist Movement in the Netherlands was a Dutch fascist and later national socialist political party. As a parliamentary party participating in legislative elections, the NSB had some success during the 1930s...
members and was finally demolished in 1950.
Book
Het Kamp Schoorl is also a name of a DutchDutch language
Dutch is a West Germanic language and the native language of the majority of the population of the Netherlands, Belgium, and Suriname, the three member states of the Dutch Language Union. Most speakers live in the European Union, where it is a first language for about 23 million and a second...
book written by Albert Boer
Albert Boer
Albert Boer is the author of Kamp Schoorl.The book is in Dutch and is the history of an internment camp in Schoorl, Netherlands. Born in Holland in 1935, he came to the United States in the early 1950s and attended Atlanta University , part of Morehouse and Spelman Colleges...
about the internment camp Schoorl
Schoorl
Schoorl is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Bergen, and lies about 8 km northwest of Alkmaar. Until 2001, Schoorl was also a municipality of its own....
.