Kampo herb list - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Kampō medicine is the Japan

Japan

Japan is an island nation in East Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies to the east of the Sea of Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south...

ese study and adaptation of Traditional Chinese medicine

Traditional Chinese medicine

Traditional Chinese Medicine refers to a broad range of medicine practices sharing common theoretical concepts which have been developed in China and are based on a tradition of more than 2,000 years, including various forms of herbal medicine, acupuncture, massage , exercise , and dietary therapy...

. In 1967, the Japan

Japan

ese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan)

The ' is a cabinet level ministry of the Japanese government. It is commonly known as Kōrō-shō in Japan. This ministry provides regulations on maximum residue limits for agricultural chemicals in foods, basic food and drug regulations, standards for foods, food additives, etc.It was formed with...

approved 4 kampo

Kampo

, alternatively shortened as just , is the Japanese study and adaptation of Traditional Chinese medicine. The basic works of Chinese medicine came to Japan between the 7th and 9th centuries. Since then, the Japanese have created their own unique herbal medical system and diagnosis...

medicines for reimbursement under the National Health Insurance (NHI) program. In 1976, 82 kampo

Kampo

medicines were approved by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (Japan)

. Currently, 148 kampo medicines

Kampo list

Kampō medicine is the Japanese study and adaptation of Traditional Chinese medicine. Today in Japan, Kampo is integrated into the national health care system. In 1967, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare approved 4 kampo medicines for reimbursement under the National Health Insurance program...

are approved for reimbursement. http://www.itmonline.org/arts/kampo.htm

The 14th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia (JP) (日本薬局方 Nihon yakkyokuhō) lists 165 herbal ingredients that are approved to be used in kampo

Kampo

remedies. http://www.herbalgram.org/youngliving/herbclip/pdfs/041806-179.pdf The following are the most common herbs used in kampo medicines

Kampo list

.

Tsumura (ツムラ) is the leading maker of kampo

Kampo

medicine http://www.tsumura.co.jp/english/kampo/wik/resource.htm. They make 128 of the 148 kampo

Kampo

medicines. The "count" column shows in how many of these 128 formulae the herb is found in. The most common herb in kampo medicine is Glycyrrhizae Radix

Glycyrrhiza

Glycyrrhiza is a genus of about 18 accepted species in the legume family , with a subcosmopolitan distribution in Asia, Australia, Europe, and the Americas....

(Chinese liquorice root). It is in 94 of the 128 Tsumura formulae. Other common herbs are Zingiberis Rhizoma

Ginger

Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale, consumed as a delicacy, medicine, or spice. It lends its name to its genus and family . Other notable members of this plant family are turmeric, cardamom, and galangal....

(ginger) (51 of 128 formulae) and Paeoniae Radix

Paeonia lactiflora

Paeonia lactiflora, also Chinese Peony , and common garden peony is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the family Paeoniaceae, native to central and eastern Asia from eastern Tibet across northern China to eastern Siberia...

(Chinese peony root) (44 of 128 formulae).

Name	Common Name Common name A common name of a taxon or organism is a name in general use within a community; it is often contrasted with the scientific name for the same organism...	Kanji Kanji Kanji are the adopted logographic Chinese characters hanzi that are used in the modern Japanese writing system along with hiragana , katakana , Indo Arabic numerals, and the occasional use of the Latin alphabet...	Katakana Katakana is a Japanese syllabary, one component of the Japanese writing system along with hiragana, kanji, and in some cases the Latin alphabet . The word katakana means "fragmentary kana", as the katakana scripts are derived from components of more complex kanji. Each kana represents one mora...	Pinyin Pinyin Pinyin is the official system to transcribe Chinese characters into the Roman alphabet in China, Malaysia, Singapore and Taiwan. It is also often used to teach Mandarin Chinese and spell Chinese names in foreign publications and used as an input method to enter Chinese characters into...	Chinese (T)	Chinese (S)	Genus species Binomial nomenclature Binomial nomenclature is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages...	Count
Achyranthis Radix	achyranthis root	牛膝	ゴシツ	niú xī	牛膝	牛膝	Achyranthes fauriei	3
Aconiti Rhizoma Aconitum Aconitum , known as aconite, monkshood, wolfsbane, leopard's bane, women's bane, Devil's helmet or blue rocket, is a genus of over 250 species of flowering plants belonging to the buttercup family .-Overview:These herbaceous perennial plants are chiefly natives of the mountainous parts of the...	Carmichael's monkshood rhizome	附子	ブシ	fù zǐ	附子	附子	Aconitum carmichaeli	6
Akebiae Caulis Akebia Akebia is a genus of five species of flowering plant, within the family Lardizabalaceae. The scientific name, akebia, is a Latinization of the Japanese name for species Akebia quinata: .There are five species including:*Akebia chingshuiensis T...	chocolate vine stem	木通	モクツウ	mù tōng	木通	木通	Akebia quinata Akebia quinata Akebia quinata is a shrub that is native to Japan, China and Korea.It grows to 10 metres or more in height and has compound leaves with five leaflets. The inflorescences are clustered in racemes and are chocolate-scented, with three or four sepals. The fruits are sausage-shaped pods which contain...	5
Alismatis Rhizoma Alisma Alisma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Alismataceae, members of which are commonly known as water-plantains. The genus consists of aquatic plants with leaves either floating or submerged, found in a variety of still water habitats around the world . The flowers are hermaphrodite, and...	water plantain rhizome	沢瀉	タクシャ	zé xiè	澤瀉	泽泻	Alisma orientale	14
Alpiniae Officinari Rhizoma Galangal Galangal is a rhizome of plants of the genus Alpinia or Kaempferia in the ginger family Zingiberaceae, with culinary and medicinal uses originated from Indonesia...	lesser galangal rhizome	良姜	リョウキョウ	liáng jiāng	良薑	良姜	Alpinia officinarum	1
Amomi Semen Amomum Amomum is a genus of plant, including several types of Cardamom, especially Black Cardamom. Plants of this genus are remarkable for their pungency and aromatic properties....	black cardamom seed	縮砂	シュクシャ	shā rén	砂仁	砂仁	Amomum xanthioides	1
Anemarrhenae Rhizoma	anemarrhena rhizome	知母	チモ	zhī mǔ	知母	知母	Anemarrhena asphodeloides	6
Angelicae Dahuricae Radix Angelica Angelica is a genus of about 60 species of tall biennial and perennial herbs in the family Apiaceae, native to temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, reaching as far North as Iceland and Lapland...	angelica root	白芷	ビャクシ	bái zhǐ	白芷	白芷	Angelica dahurica	5
Angelicae Radix Angelica Angelica is a genus of about 60 species of tall biennial and perennial herbs in the family Apiaceae, native to temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, reaching as far North as Iceland and Lapland...	Chinese angelica root	当帰	トウキ	dāng guī	當歸	当归	Angelica acutiloba	37
Araliae Cordatae Radix Aralia cordata Aralia cordata is an upright herbaceous perennial plant growing up to 2-3 m in height, native to Japan, Korea and eastern China. It is known as Udo in Japanese, and also as Japanese Spikenard...	Japanese spikenard root	和羌活	ワキョウカツ	tǔ dāng guī	土當歸	土当归	Aralia cordata	1
Araliae Cordatae Rhizoma Aralia cordata Aralia cordata is an upright herbaceous perennial plant growing up to 2-3 m in height, native to Japan, Korea and eastern China. It is known as Udo in Japanese, and also as Japanese Spikenard...	Japanese spikenard rhizome	独活	ドッカツ	tǔ dāng guī	土當歸	土当归	Aralia cordata	1
Arctii Fructus Greater burdock Greater burdock, Edible burdock, or Lappa Burdock is a biennial plant of the Arctium genus in the Asteraceae family, cultivated in gardens for its root used as a vegetable.-Description:...	greater burdock fruit	牛蒡子	ゴボウシ	niú bàng zǐ	牛蒡子	牛蒡子	Arctium lappa	2
Arecae Semen	betel nut areca nut	檳榔子	ビンロウジ	bīng láng	檳榔	槟榔	Areca catechu	1
Arisaematis Rhizoma Arisaema Arisaema is a genus of about 150 species in the flowering plant family Araceae, native to eastern and central Africa, Asia and eastern North America. Its species are often called Cobra lilies, particularly the Asiatic species...	arisaema rhizome	天南星	テンナンショウ	tiān nán xīng	天南星	天南星	Arisaema heterophyllum	1
Artemisiae Capillari Flos Artemisia (plant) Artemisia is a large, diverse genus of plants with between 200 to 400 species belonging to the daisy family Asteraceae. It comprises hardy herbs and shrubs known for their volatile oils. They grow in temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere, usually in dry or semi-dry...	wormwood flower, mugwort flower	茵蔯蒿	インチンコウ	yīn chén hāo	茵陳蒿	茵陈蒿	Artemisia capillaris	2
Artemisiae Folium Artemisia (plant) Artemisia is a large, diverse genus of plants with between 200 to 400 species belonging to the daisy family Asteraceae. It comprises hardy herbs and shrubs known for their volatile oils. They grow in temperate climates of the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere, usually in dry or semi-dry...	wormwood leaf, mugwort leaf	艾葉	ガイヨウ	ài yè	艾葉	艾叶	Artemisia princeps Artemisia princeps Artemisia princeps, or Japanese mugwort, is a perennial, very vigorous plant that grows to 1.2 meters and is known as yomogi in Japan. This species spreads rapidly by means of underground stolons and can become invasive. It bears small, buff colored flowers from July to November which are...	1
Asiasari Radix Wild ginger Wild ginger may refer to any of a variety of plants, often with a similar appearance, odour or taste to cultivated ginger. Species involved include:*Any of the Alpinia species, especially A. caerulea....	Chinese wild ginger root	細辛	サイシン	xì xīn	細辛	细辛	Asiasarum sieboldi	5
Asini Corii Collas Collagen Collagen is a group of naturally occurring proteins found in animals, especially in the flesh and connective tissues of mammals. It is the main component of connective tissue, and is the most abundant protein in mammals, making up about 25% to 35% of the whole-body protein content...	collagen	阿膠	アキョウ	ē jiāo	阿膠	阿胶		5
Asparagi Radix Asparagus (genus) Asparagus is a genus in the plant family Asparagaceae, subfamily Asparagoideae. It comprises up to 300 species. Most are evergreen long-lived perennial plants growing from the understory as lianas, bushes or climbing plants. The best-known species is the edible Asparagus officinalis, commonly...	asparagus root	天門冬	テンモンドウ	tiān mén dōng	天門冬	天门冬	Asparagus cochinchinensis	2
Astragali Radix Astragalus Astragalus is a large genus of about 3,000 species of herbs and small shrubs, belonging to the legume family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere...	astragalus root	黄耆	オウギ	huáng qí	黃蓍	黄芪	Astragalus membranaceus	14
Atractylodis Lanceae Rhizoma Cāng zhú Cāng zhú , also known as black atractylodes rhizome or Rhizoma Atractylodes, is a Chinese herbal medicine. It is the dried rhizome of Atractylodes lancea DC., Atractylodes chinensis Koidz, or certain other local species including Atractylodes japonica Koidz. Cāng zhú (苍术 or 蒼术 or 蒼朮), also...	atractylodes rhizome	蒼朮	ソウジュツ	cāng zhú	蒼朮	苍术	Atractylodes lancea Atractylodes lancea Atractylodes lancea Thunb. is a species of Atractylodes that grows in central China . It is one source of cāng zhú, a Chinese herbal medicine that acts primarily on the digestive system....	34
Atractylodis Rhizoma Atractylodes Atractylodes is a genus in the plant family Asteraceae.-Medicinal uses:Some species, including Atractylodes lancea and A. macrocephala , are used in traditional Chinese medicine.-Species:*Atractylodes carlinoides...	white atractylodes rhizome	白朮	ビャクジュツ	bái zhú	白朮	白术	Atractylodes japonica	8
Aurantii Fructus Immaturus Bitter orange The name "bitter orange", also known as Seville orange, sour orange, bigarade orange, and marmalade orange, refers to a citrus tree and its fruit. Many varieties of bitter orange are used for their essential oil, which is used in perfume and as a flavoring...	unripe bitter orange	枳実	キジツ	zhǐ shí	枳實	枳实	Citrus aurantium	14
Aurantii Nobilis Pericarpium Mikan The satsuma is a seedless and easy-peeling citrus mutant of Japanese origin introduced to the West.In Japan, it is known as mikan or formally unshu mikan . In China, it is known as Wenzhou migan . The Japanese name is a result of the local reading of the same characters used in the Chinese...	aged mikan orange peel	陳皮	チンピ	chén pí	陳皮	陈皮	Citrus unshiu	24
Bambusae Caulis, Phyllostachysis Caulis Bambusa Bambusa is a large genus of clumping bamboos. These species are usually giant ones, with numerous branches at a node and one or two much larger than the rest...	bamboo shavings	竹筎	チクジョ	zhú rú	竹茹	竹茹	Bambusa tuldoides	2
Benincasae Semen Winter melon The winter melon, also called white gourd, ash gourd, or "fuzzy melon", is a vine grown for its very large fruit, eaten as a vegetable when mature. It is the only member of the genus Benincasa. The fruit is fuzzy when young. The immature melon has thick white flesh that is sweet when eaten...	winter melon seed	冬瓜子	トウガシ	dōng guā zǐ	冬瓜子	冬瓜子	Benincasa cerifera	1
Bovis Bezoar	cattle gallstone calculus bovis	牛黄	ゴオウ	niú huáng	牛黃	牛黄	Bos taurus	0
Bupleuri Radix Bupleurum Bupleurum is a very large genus of plants of the Apiaceae family, represented by 185 to 195 species.Species include:Bupleurum aureum Fisch. ex Hoffm. Bupleurum is a very large genus of plants of the Apiaceae family, represented by 185 to 195 species.Species include:Bupleurum aureum Fisch. ex...	bupleurum root	柴胡	サイコ	chái hú	柴胡	柴胡	Bupleurum falcatum	22
Camelliae Folium Camellia sinensis Camellia sinensis is the species of plant whose leaves and leaf buds are used to produce Chinese tea. It is of the genus Camellia , a genus of flowering plants in the family Theaceae. White tea, green tea, oolong, pu-erh tea and black tea are all harvested from this species, but are processed...	tea leaf	茶葉	チャヨウ	chá yè	茶葉	茶叶	Camellia sinensis	1
Cannabis Fructus Cannabis sativa Cannabis sativa is an annual herbaceous plant in the Cannabaceae family. Humans have cultivated this herb throughout recorded history as a source of industrial fibre, seed oil, food, recreation, spiritual enlightenment and medicine...	hemp fruit	麻子仁	マシニン	má zǐ rén	麻子仁	麻子仁	Cannabis sativa	3
Carthami Flos Safflower Safflower is a highly branched, herbaceous, thistle-like annual. It is commercially cultivated for vegetable oil extracted from the seeds. Plants are 30 to 150 cm tall with globular flower heads having yellow, orange or red flowers. Each branch will usually have from one to five flower heads...	safflower flower	紅花	コウカ	hóng huā	紅花	红花	Carthamus tinctorius	2
Caryophylli Flos Clove Cloves are the aromatic dried flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae. Cloves are native to the Maluku islands in Indonesia and used as a spice in cuisines all over the world...	clove flower	丁子	チョウジ	dīng zǐ	丁子	丁子	Syzygium aromaticum	2
Cassiae Semen Senna obtusifolia Senna obtusifolia is a legume in the genus Senna, sometimes separated in the monotypic genus Diallobus. It grows wild in North, Central, and South America, Asia, Africa, and Oceania, and is considered a particularly serious weed in many places...	senna seed	決明子	ケツメイシ	jué míng zǐ	決明子	决明子	Senna obtusifolia (formerly Cassia)	0
Chrysanthemi Flos Chrysanthemum Chrysanthemums, often called mums or chrysanths, are of the genus constituting approximately 30 species of perennial flowering plants in the family Asteraceae which is native to Asia and northeastern Europe.-Etymology:...	chrysanthemum flower	菊花	キッカ	jú huā	菊花	菊花	Chrysanthemum morifolium	1
Cicadae Periostracum Cicada A cicada is an insect of the order Hemiptera, suborder Auchenorrhyncha , in the superfamily Cicadoidea, with large eyes wide apart on the head and usually transparent, well-veined wings. There are about 2,500 species of cicada around the world, and many of them remain unclassified...	cicada molting	蝉退	ゼンタイ	chán tuì	蟬退	蝉退	Cryptotympana tustulata	1
Cimicifugae Rhizoma Cimicifuga Cimicifuga is a genus of between 12-18 species of flowering plants belonging to the family Ranunculaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere....	bugbane rhizome, cohosh rhizome	升麻	ショウマ	shēng má	升麻	升麻	Cimicifuga simplex	5
Cinnamomi Cortex	Chinese cinnamon bark	桂皮	ケイヒ	guì pí	桂皮	桂皮	Cinnamomum cassia	39
Clematidis Radix Clematis Clematis is a genus of about 300 species within the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. Their garden hybrids have been popular among gardeners beginning with Clematis × jackmanii, a garden standby since 1862; more hybrid cultivars are being produced constantly. They are mainly of Chinese and Japanese...	clematis root	威霊仙	イレイセン	wēi líng xiān	威靈仙	威灵仙	Clematis chinensis	2
Cnidii Rhizoma Ligusticum wallichii Ligusticum wallichii is a flowering plant in the carrot family best known for its use in traditional Chinese medicine where it is considered one of the 50 fundamental herbs. It is known by the common names chuānxiōng and Szechuan lovage....	cnidium root	川芎	センキュウ	chuān xiōng	川芎	川芎	Cnidium officinale	25
Coicis Semen Job's Tears Job's Tears , Coixseed, Tear Grass, adlay, or adlai, is a tall grain-bearing tropical plant of the family Poaceae native to Southeast Asia but elsewhere cultivated in gardens as an annual. It has been naturalized in the southern United States and the New World tropics...	Job's Tears seed	薏苡仁	ヨクイニン	yì yǐ rén	薏苡仁	薏苡仁	Coix lacryma	3
Coptidis Rhizoma Coptis Coptis is a genus of between 10–15 species of flowering plants in the family Ranunculaceae, native to Asia and North America.-Species:Selected speciesCoptis aspleniifoliaCoptis chinensis...	goldenthread rhizome	黄連	オウレン	huáng lián	黃連	黄连	Coptis japonica	11
Corni Fructus Cornus officinalis Cornus officinalis is a species of dogwood known also as Japanese cornel or Japanese cornelian cherry or Cornelian cherries.-Etymology:...	Japanese cornel fruit	山茱萸	サンシュユ	shān zhū yú	山茱萸	山茱萸	Cornus officinalis	3
Corydalis Rhizoma Corydalis Corydalis is a genus of about 470 species of annual and perennial herbaceous plants in the fumewort family , native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere and the high mountains of tropical eastern Africa...	corydalis rhizome	延胡索	エンゴサク	yán hú suǒ	延胡索	延胡索	Corydalis turtschaninovii	1
Crassostreae Testa Pacific oyster The Pacific oyster, Japanese oyster or Miyagi oyster , is an oyster native to the Pacific coast of Asia. It has become an introduced species in North America, Australia, Europe, and New Zealand.- Etymology :...	pacific oyster shell	牡蛎	ボレイ	mǔ lì	牡蠣	牡蛎	Crassostrea gigas	4
Crataegi Fructus Crataegus cuneata Crataegus cuneata is a species of hawthorn known by the common names Chinese hawthorn or Japanese hawthorn. It is native to China, and is widely cultivated in Japan. It is used for bonsai. The fruit can be red or yellow....	Japanese hawthorn fruit	山楂子	サンザシ	shān zhā	山楂	山楂	Crataegus cuneata	1
Crotonis Semen Croton (genus) Croton is an extensive flowering plant genus in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae, established by Carl Linnaeus in 1737. The plants of this genus were described and introduced to Europeans by Georg Eberhard Rumphius. The common names for this genus are rushfoil and croton, but the latter also...	rushfoil seed, croton seed	巴豆	ハズ	bā dòu	巴豆	巴豆	Croton tiglium	0
Cyperi Rhizoma Cyperus rotundus Cyperus rotundus is a species of sedge native to Africa, southern and central Europe , and southern Asia. The word cyperus derives from the Greek "κύπερος" and rotundus is from Latin, meaning "round"...	nut-grass rhizome	香附子	コウブシ	xiāng fù zǐ	香附子	香附子	Cyperus rotundus	6
Dioscoreae Rhizoma Dioscorea opposita Dioscorea opposita is a type of yam that may be eaten raw....	Chinese yam rhizome	山薬	サンヤク	shān yào	山藥	山药	Dioscorea japonica D. opposita	4
Ephedrae Herba Ephedra Ephedra refers to the plant Ephedra sinica. E. sinica, known in Chinese as ma huang , has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for 5,000 years for the treatment of asthma and hay fever, as well as for the common cold...	ephedra herb	麻黄	マオウ	má huáng	麻黃	麻黄	Ephedra sinica	13
Eriobotryae Folium Loquat The loquat , Eriobotrya japonica, is a fruit tree in the family Rosaceae, indigenous to southeastern China. It was formerly thought to be closely related to the genus Mespilus, and is still sometimes known as the Japanese medlar...	loquat leaf	枇杷葉	ビワヨウ	pí pá yè	枇杷葉	枇杷叶	Eriobotrya japonica	1
Eucommiae Cortex Eucommia Eucommia is a small tree native to China. It is near threatened in the wild, but is widely cultivated in China for its bark, highly valued in herbology such as Traditional Chinese medicine .-Characteristics:...	eucommia bark	杜仲	トチュウ	dù zhòng	杜仲	杜仲	Eucommia ulmoides	1
Eupolyphaga	ground beetle, wingless cockroach	庶虫(1)	シャチュウ	tǔ biē chóng	土鱉蟲	土鳖虫	Eupolyphaga sinensis	0
Fel Ursi Bile bear Bile bear, or battery bear, refers to Asiatic black bears kept in captivity in China and Vietnam to harvest bile, a digestive juice produced by the liver and stored in the gall bladder. When extracted, the bears’ bile is a valuable commodity for sale as an ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine...	bear gallbladder	熊胆	ユウタン	xióng dǎn	熊膽	熊胆	Ursus arctos	0
Foeniculi Fructus Fennel Fennel is a plant species in the genus Foeniculum . It is a member of the family Apiaceae . It is a hardy, perennial, umbelliferous herb, with yellow flowers and feathery leaves...	fennel fruit	茴香	ウイキョウ	huí xiāng	茴香	茴香	Foeniculum vulgare	1
Forsythiae Fructus Forsythia suspensa Forsythia suspensa is a flowering plant native to Asia. It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine. Pinoresinol is a lignan found in F. suspensa.-Characteristics:...	forsythia fruit	連翹	レンギョウ	lián qiào	連翹	连翘	Forsythia suspensa	5
Fossilia Ossis Mastodi Fossil Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of animals , plants, and other organisms from the remote past...	dragon bone, fossilized vertebrae and bones	竜骨	リュウコツ	lóng gǔ	龍骨	龙骨		2
Fritillariae Bulbus Fritillary Fritillaria is a genus of about 100 species of bulbous plants in the family Liliaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The name is derived from the Latin term for a dice-box , and probably refers to the checkered pattern, frequently of chocolate-brown and greenish yellow,...	fritillaria bulb	貝母	バイモ	bèi mǔ	貝母	贝母	Fritillaria verticillata	2
Gardeniae Fructus Gardenia jasminoides Gardenia jasminoides, is a fragrant flowering evergreen tropical plant, a favorite in gardens worldwide. It originated in Asia and is most commonly found growing in Vietnam, Southern China, Taiwan, Japan and India...	gardenia fruit	山梔子	サンシシ	shān zhī zǐ	山梔子	山栀子	Gardenia jasminoides	13
Gastrodiae Rhizoma	gastrodia rhizome	天麻	テンマ	tiān má	天麻	天麻	Gastrodia elata	1
Gentianae Scabrae Radix Gentiana scabra Gentiana scabra is a species of flowering plant in the Gentian family , found in much of the United states and Japan...	Chinese gentian root	竜胆	リュウタン	lóng dǎn caǒ	龍膽草	龙胆草	Gentiana scabra	3
Glehniae Radix Cum Rhizoma Glehnia littoralis Glehnia littoralis is a species of plant in the "carrot family", Apiaceae, known by several common names including beach silvertop and American silvertop in English, and bei sha shen and shan hu cai in Chinese...	glehnia rhizome	浜防風	ハマボウフウ	běi shā shēn	北沙參	北沙参	Glehnia littoralis	1
Glycyrrhizae Radix Glycyrrhiza uralensis Glycyrrhiza uralensis, also known as Chinese liquorice, is a flowering plant native to Asia, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine.- Medicinal uses :...	Chinese liquorice root	甘草	カンゾウ	gān cǎo	甘草	甘草	Glycyrrhiza uralensis	94
Glycyrrhizae Radix preparata Glycyrrhiza Glycyrrhiza is a genus of about 18 accepted species in the legume family , with a subcosmopolitan distribution in Asia, Australia, Europe, and the Americas....	Chinese liquorice root	炙甘草	シャカンゾウ	zhì gān cǎo	炙甘草	炙甘草	Glycyrrhiza uralensis	1
Gypsum Fibrosum Gypsum Gypsum is a very soft sulfate mineral composed of calcium sulfate dihydrate, with the chemical formula CaSO4·2H2O. It is found in alabaster, a decorative stone used in Ancient Egypt. It is the second softest mineral on the Mohs Hardness Scale...	gypsum mineral	石膏	セッコウ	shí gāo	石膏	石膏		10
Hordei Fructus Germinatus Barley Barley is a major cereal grain, a member of the grass family. It serves as a major animal fodder, as a base malt for beer and certain distilled beverages, and as a component of various health foods...	barley sprout	麦芽	バクガ	mài yá	麥芽	麦芽	Hordeum vulgare	1
Houttuyniae Herba Houttuynia Houttuynia cordata in Lao; ; English lizard tail and chameleon plant; ), In English, it is known as Lizard tail, chameleon plant, heartleaf, fishwort and Bishop's weed...	houttuynia herb	十薬	ジュウヤク	shí yào	十藥	十药	Houttuynia cordata	0
Leonuri Herba Leonurus japonicus Leonurus japonicus, commonly called Chinese motherwort, is a herbaceous flowering plant native to Asia, including Korea and Japan, and China to Cambodia.-Description:...	Chinese motherwort herb	益母草	ヤクモソウ	yì mǔ cǎo	益母草	益母草	Leonurus japonicus	0
Lilii Bulbus Lilium lancifolium Lilium lancifolium is a species of lily native to northern and eastern Asia, including Japan. It is one of several species of lily to which the common name Tiger lily is applied, and is the species most widely known by this name....	tiger lily bulb	百合	ビャクゴウ	bǎi hé	百合	百合	Lilium lancifolium	1
Linderae Radix Lindera Lindera is a genus of about 80-100 species of flowering plants in the family Lauraceae, mostly native to eastern Asia but with three species in eastern North America. The species are shrubs and small trees; common names include Spicewood, Spicebush, and Benjamin Bush.-Overview:They are dioecious,...	spicebush root, benjamin bush root	烏薬	ウヤク	wū yào	烏樂	乌乐	Lindera strychnifolia	0
Lithospermi Radix Lithospermum Lithospermum is a genus of plants belonging to the family Boraginaceae. Herbs or small shrubs, they are widely distributed except in Australasia...	lithospermum root	紫根	シコン	zǐ gēn	紫根	紫根	Lithospermum erythrorhizon	0
Longan Arillus Longan Dimocarpus longan, commonly known as the longan, is a tropical tree native to South and Southeast Asia, in the Indomalaya ecozone known for its edible fruit.-Vernacular names:The fruit is known as longan or longyan in English...	longan fruit flesh	竜眼肉	リュウガンニク	lóng yǎn ròu	龍眼肉	龙眼肉	Euphoria longana	2
Lonicerae Folium Cum Caulis Japanese Honeysuckle The Japanese Honeysuckle is a species of honeysuckle native to eastern Asia including China , Japan, and Korea. It is a twining vine able to climb up to high or more in trees, with opposite, simple oval leaves long and broad...	Japanese honeysuckle stem	忍冬	ニンドウ	rěn dōng téng	忍冬藤	忍冬疼	Lonicera japonica	1
Lycii Cortex Wolfberry Wolfberry, commercially called goji berry, is the common name for the fruit of two very closely related species: Lycium barbarum and L. chinense , two species of boxthorn in the family Solanaceae...	wolfberry tree bark	地骨皮	ジコッピ	dì gǔ pí	地骨皮	地骨皮	Lycium chinense	2
Lycii Fructus Wolfberry Wolfberry, commercially called goji berry, is the common name for the fruit of two very closely related species: Lycium barbarum and L. chinense , two species of boxthorn in the family Solanaceae...	wolfberry tree fruit	枸杞子	クコシ	gǒu qǐ zǐ	枸杞子	枸杞子	Lycium chinense	0
Magnoliae Cortex Houpu magnolia Magnolia officinalis is a species of Magnolia native to the mountains and valleys of China at altitudes of 300-1500 m.- Identification :...	houpu magnolia bark	厚朴	コウボク	hòu pò	厚朴	厚朴	Magnolia officinalis	12
Magnoliae Flos	willow-leafed magnolia flower	辛夷	シンイ	xīn yí	辛夷	辛夷	Magnolia salicifolia	2
Menthae Herba Mentha arvensis Mentha arvensis is a species of mint with a circumboreal distribution. It is native to the temperate regions of Europe and western and central Asia, east to the Himalaya and eastern Siberia, and North America.It is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 10–60 cm tall...	wild mint herb	薄荷	ハッカ	bò hé	薄荷	薄荷	Mentha arvensis Mentha arvensis Mentha arvensis is a species of mint with a circumboreal distribution. It is native to the temperate regions of Europe and western and central Asia, east to the Himalaya and eastern Siberia, and North America.It is a herbaceous perennial plant growing to 10–60 cm tall...	7
Mori Cortex White Mulberry Morus alba, known as white mulberry, is a short-lived, fast-growing, small to medium sized mulberry tree, which grows to 10–20 m tall. The species is native to northern China, and is widely cultivated and naturalized elsewhere...	white mulberry bark	桑白皮	ソウハクヒ	sāng bái pí	桑白皮	桑白皮	Morus alba	2
Natrii Sulfus Mirabilite Mirabilite, also known as Glauber's salt, is a hydrous sodium sulfate mineral with the chemical formula Na2SO4·10H2O. It is a vitreous, colorless to white monoclinic mineral which forms as an evaporite from sodium sulfate bearing brines. It is found around saline springs and along saline playa lakes...	sodium sulfate	芒硝	ボウショウ	máng xiāo	芒硝	芒硝		6
Nelumbis Semen Nelumbo nucifera Nelumbo nucifera, known by a number of names including Indian Lotus, Sacred Lotus, Bean of India, or simply Lotus, is a plant in the monogeneric family Nelumbonaceae...	sacred lotus seed	蓮肉	レンニク	lián ròu	蓮肉	莲肉	Nelumbo nucifera	2
Notopterygii Rhizoma	notopterygium rhizome	羌活	キョウカツ	qiāng huó	羌活	羌活	Notopterygium incisum	3
Nupharis Rhizoma Nuphar Nuphar is genus of aquatic plants in the family Nymphaeaceae, with a temperate to subarctic Northern Hemisphere distribution. Common names include water-lily , pond-lily, and spatterdock .A total of eight species and three hybrids are currently accepted in the genus...	Japanese water lily rhizome	川骨	センコツ	chuān gǔ	川骨	川骨	Nuphar japonicum	1
Ophiopogonis Rhizoma	mondo grass rhizome	麦門冬	バクモンドウ	mài mén dōng	麥門冬	麦门冬	Ophiopogon japonicus	11
Oryzae Semen Rice Rice is the seed of the monocot plants Oryza sativa or Oryza glaberrima . As a cereal grain, it is the most important staple food for a large part of the world's human population, especially in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, the Middle East, and the West Indies...	rice seed	粳米	コウベイ	jīng mǐ	粳米	粳米	Oryza sativa	2
Paeoniae Moutan Cortex Rock's Peony Rock's peony or Rock's tree peony is a woody species of peony that was named after Joseph Rock. It is one of several species given the vernacular name tree peony, and is native to the mountains of midwestern China, mainly in Gansu and adjoining provinces...	tree peony bark	牡丹皮	ボタンピ	mǔ dān pí	牡丹皮	牡丹皮	Paeonia moutan	8
Paeoniae Radix Paeonia lactiflora Paeonia lactiflora, also Chinese Peony , and common garden peony is a herbaceous perennial flowering plant in the family Paeoniaceae, native to central and eastern Asia from eastern Tibet across northern China to eastern Siberia...	Chinese peony root	芍薬	シャクヤク	sháo yào	芍藥	芍药	Paeonia lactiflora	44
Panacis Ginseng Radix Ginseng Ginseng is any one of eleven species of slow-growing perennial plants with fleshy roots, belonging to the genus Panax of the family Araliaceae....	ginseng root	人参	ニンジン	rén shēn	人參	人参	Panax ginseng	37
Panacis Japonicus Ginseng Ginseng is any one of eleven species of slow-growing perennial plants with fleshy roots, belonging to the genus Panax of the family Araliaceae....	Japanese ginseng root	竹節人参	チクセツニンジン	zhú jié rén shēn	竹節人參	竹节人参	Panax japonicus	0
Perillae Herba Perilla frutescens Perilla frutescens is an edible herb and ornamental plant in the Lamiaceae family. Its common name is perilla; it is also called beefsteak plant, Chinese basil, wild basil, purple mint, rattlesnake weed, or summer coleus.Perilla is a perennial herb and can grow to 3-5 feet tall...	shiso herb, beefsteak plant	蘇葉	ソヨウ	sū yè	蘇葉	苏叶	Perilla frutescens	6
Persicae Semen Peach The peach tree is a deciduous tree growing to tall and 6 in. in diameter, belonging to the subfamily Prunoideae of the family Rosaceae. It bears an edible juicy fruit called a peach...	peach kernel	桃仁	トウニン	táo rén	桃仁	桃仁	Prunus persica	6
Peucedani Radix Peucedanum Peucedanum is a genus of flowering plant in the carrot family, Apiaceae.-Species:It contains the following species:* Peucedanum angustisectum* Peucedanum camerunensis* Peucedanum cervaria* Peucedanum formosanum Hayata -...	peucedanum root	前胡	ゼンコ	qián hú	前胡	前胡	Peucedanum praeruptorum	1
Phellodendri Cortex Phellodendron amurense Phellodendron amurense Rupr. is a species of tree in the family Rutaceae, commonly called the Amur cork tree. It is a major source of huáng bò , one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine...	cork-tree bark	黄柏	オウバク	huáng bǎi	黃柏	黄柏	Phellodendron amurense	8
Pinelliae Rhizoma Pinellia ternata Pinellia ternata , crow-dipper, is a plant native to China, but also grows as an invasive weed in parts of North America. The leaves are trifoliate, while the flowers are of the spathe and spadix form typical of plants in Araceae.-Characteristics:The plant spreads by rhizomes, and there are also...	pinellia rhizome	半夏	ハンゲ	bàn xià	半夏	半夏	Pinellia ternata	27
Plantaginis Semen Plantago asiatica Plantago asiatica, is a plant of genus Plantago .Common Name: Chinese Plantain, Arnoglossa,-External links:**...	Chinese plantain seed	車前子	シャゼンシ	chē qián zǐ	車前子	车前子	Plantago asiatica	4
Platycodi Radix	Chinese bellflower root, balloon flower root	桔梗	キキョウ	jié gěng	桔梗	桔梗	Platycodon grandiflorus	12
Polygalae Radix Polygala tenuifolia Polygala tenuifolia is an herb in the family Polygalaceae which is hardy to USDA Zone 6.-Medicinal uses:Yuan Zhi is used primarily as an expectorant...	milkwort root, snakeroot	遠志	オンジ	yuǎn zhì	遠志	远志	Polygala tenuifolia	3
Polygoni Multiflori Radix	Chinese knotweed root	何首烏	カシュウ	hé shǒu wū	何首烏	何首乌	Polygonum multiflorum	1
Polyporus Polypore Polypores are a group of tough, leathery poroid mushrooms similar to boletes, but typically lacking a distinct stalk. The technical distinction between the two types of mushrooms is that polypores do not have the spore-bearing tissue continuous along the entire underside of the mushroom. Many...	polyporus mushroom	猪苓	チョレイ	zhū líng	豬苓	猪苓	Polyporus umbellatus	6
Poria Wolfiporia extensa Wolfiporia extensa Ginns is a fungus in the Polyporaceae family. It is a wood-decay fungus but has a terrestrial growth habit. It is notable in the development of a large, long-lasting underground sclerotium that resembles a small coconut...	tuckahoe mushroom	茯苓	ブクリョウ	fú líng	茯苓	茯苓	Poria cocos	46
Prunus armeniaca Apricot The apricot, Prunus armeniaca, is a species of Prunus, classified with the plum in the subgenus Prunus. The native range is somewhat uncertain due to its extensive prehistoric cultivation.- Description :...	apricot kernel	杏仁	キョウニン	xìng rén	杏仁	杏仁	Prunus armeniaca	9
Puerariae Radix Kudzu Kudzu is a plant in the genus Pueraria in the pea family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. It is a climbing, coiling, and trailing vine native to southern Japan and southeast China. Its name comes from the Japanese name for the plant, . It is a weed that climbs over trees or shrubs and grows so...	kudzu root	葛根	カッコン	gé gēn	葛根	葛根	Pueraria lobata	4
Quercus Cortex	sawtooth oak bark	樸樕	ボクソク	xiàng shí	橡實	橡实	Quercus acutissima	2
Rehmanniae Radix Rehmannia glutinosa Rehmannia glutinosa is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine, where it has the name Sheng Di huang . It is often sold as gān dì huáng , gān meaning "dried."-Medicinal uses:...	Chinese foxglove root	地黄	ジオウ	dì huáng	地黃	地黄	Rehmannia glutinosa	22
Rhei Rhizoma Turkey rhubarb Rheum palmatum, commonly called Turkey rhubarb, Chinese rhubarb, Indian rhubarb, Russian rhubarb or rhubarb root , is a highly regarded medicinal plant, known for its health benefits.-Description:The species ““R. tanguticum”” and ““R...	turkey rhubarb rhizome	大黄	ダイオウ	dà huáng	大黃	大黄	Rheum palmatum	16
Saccharum Granorum Sugarcane Sugarcane refers to any of six to 37 species of tall perennial grasses of the genus Saccharum . Native to the warm temperate to tropical regions of South Asia, they have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are rich in sugar, and measure two to six metres tall...	ground sugar	膠飴	コウイ	jiāo yí	膠飴	胶饴		0
Saposhnikoviae Radix	saposhnikovia root	防風	ボウフウ	fáng fēng	防風	防风	Saposhnikovia divaricata	11
Sappan Lignum Sappanwood Caesalpinia sappan is a species of flowering tree in the legume family, Fabaceae, that is native to Southeast Asia and the Malay archipelago. Common names include Sappanwood, Sapanwood, and Suou . Sappanwood belongs to the same genus as Brazilwood , and was originally called "brezel wood" in...	sappan wood shavings	蘇木	ソボク	sū mù	蘇木	苏木	Caesalpinia sappan	1
Saussureae Radix Saussurea Saussurea is a genus of about 300 species of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to cool temperate and arctic regions of Asia, Europe, and North America, with the highest diversity in alpine habitats in the Himalaya and central Asia...	saw-wort root, snow lotus root	木香	モッコウ	mù xiāng	木香	木香	Saussurea lappa	3
Schisandrae Fructus Schisandra chinensis Schisandra chinensis is a deciduous woody vine native to forests of Northern China and the Russian Far East. It is hardy in USDA Zone 4. The plant likes some shade with moist, well-drained soil...	schisandra fruit	五味子	ゴミシ	wǔ wèi zǐ	五味子	五味子	Schisandra chinensis	5
Schizonepetae Spica Schizonepeta Schizonepeta or Japanese Catnip. It should not be confused with the true catnips of the genus Nepeta known for their euphoria-inducing effect on domestic cats....	schizonepeta spikes	荊芥	ケイガイ	jīng jìe	荊芥	荆芥	Schizonepeta tenuifolia	8
Scutellariae Radix Scutellaria Scutellaria is a genus of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae. It contains about 300 species, which are commonly known as skullcaps...	skullcap root	黄芩	オウゴン	huáng qín	黃芩	黄芩	Scutellaria baicalensis	27
Sesami Semen Sesame Sesame is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum. Numerous wild relatives occur in Africa and a smaller number in India. It is widely naturalized in tropical regions around the world and is cultivated for its edible seeds, which grow in pods....	sesame seed	胡麻	ゴマ	hú má	胡麻	胡麻	Sesamum indicum	1
Sinomeni Caulis et Rhizoma Menispermaceae Menispermaceae, the botanical name for a family of flowering plants, has been universally recognized by taxonomists. Tubocurare, a neuromuscular blocker and active ingredient in curare, is derived from plants of this family....	orient vine rhizome	防已	ボウイ	qīng fēng téng	青風藤	青风藤	Sinomenium acutum	3
Sophorae Radix Sophora flavescens Sophora flavescens is a species of plant in the genus Sophora. Ku shen or kushenin is a typical traditional Chinese medicine that is found in this plant...	sophora root	苦参	クジン	kǔ shēn	苦參	苦参	Sophora flavescens	2
Swertiae Herba	swertia herb	当薬	トウヤク	dāng yào	當藥	当药	Swertia japonica	0
Talcum Crystallinum (Kadinum) Talc Talc is a mineral composed of hydrated magnesium silicate with the chemical formula H2Mg34 or Mg3Si4O102. In loose form, it is the widely-used substance known as talcum powder. It occurs as foliated to fibrous masses, its crystals being so rare as to be almost unknown...	talcum powder	滑石	カッセキ	huá shí	滑石	滑石		4
Tetradii Fructus Tetradium Tetradium is a genus of nine species of trees in the family Rutaceae, occurring in temperate to tropical east Asia. In older books, the genus was often included in the related genus Euodia , but that genus is now restricted to tropical species...	evodia fruit	呉茱萸	ゴシュユ	wú zhū yú	吳茱萸	吴茱萸	Tetradium rutaecarpa	3
Tribuli Fructus Tribulus terrestris Tribulus terrestris is a flowering plant in the family Zygophyllaceae, native to warm temperate and tropical regions of the Old World in southern Europe, southern Asia, throughout Africa, and Australia. It can thrive even in desert climates and poor soil...	puncture vine fruit	蒺藜子(2)	シツリシ	jí lí zǐ	蒺藜子	蒺藜子	Tribulus terrestris	1
Trichosanthis Radix Trichosanthes kirilowii Trichosanthes kirilowii is a flowering plant in the family Cucurbitaceae. It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine, where it shares the name guālóu with the related T...	trichosanthes root	栝楼根	カロコン	guā lóu gēn	瓜蔞根	瓜蒌根	Trichosanthes kirilowii	2
Trichosanthis Semen Trichosanthes Trichosanthes is a genus of tropical and subtropical vines. They belong to the cucumber family , and are closely related to Gymnopetalum. Hodgsonia, formerly included here, is usually considered a well-distinct genus nowadays....	trichosanthes seed	栝楼仁	カロニン	guā lóu rén	栝蔞仁	栝蒌仁	Trichosanthes kirilowii	1
Tritici Semen Common wheat Common wheat, Triticum aestivum, is a cultivated wheat species.-Nomenclature and taxonomy of the variety and its cultivars:-Evolution:...	wheat seed	小麦	ショウバク	xiǎo mài	小麥	小麦	Triticum aestivum	1
Uncariae gambir Uncaria Uncaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has about 40 species. Their distribution is pantropical, with most species native to tropical Asia, three from Africa and the Mediterranean and two from the neotropics. They are known colloquially as Gambier, Cat's Claw or Uña de...	gambier extract	阿仙薬	アセンヤク	ā xiān yào	阿仙藥	阿仙药	Uncaria gambir	0
Uncariae Uncis Cum Ramulus Uncaria Uncaria is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It has about 40 species. Their distribution is pantropical, with most species native to tropical Asia, three from Africa and the Mediterranean and two from the neotropics. They are known colloquially as Gambier, Cat's Claw or Uña de...	gambier extract	釣藤鈎	チョウトウコウ	diào gōu téng	釣鉤藤	钓钩藤	Uncaria rhynchophylla Uncaria rhynchophylla Uncaria rhynchophylla or the cat's claw herb is a plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine.-Catechin and -epicatechin are found in the plant as well as the alkaloid rhynchophylline....	4
Zanthoxyli Fructus Zanthoxylum Zanthoxylum is a genus of about 250 species of deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs in the citrus or rue family, Rutaceae, native to warm temperate and subtropical areas worldwide. Common names include Prickly-ash and Hercules' Club.The fruit of several species are used to make the spice...	Japanese pepper tree fruit	山椒	サンショウ	shān jiāo	山椒	山椒	Zanthoxylum piperitum	2
Zingiberis Rhizoma Ginger Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale, consumed as a delicacy, medicine, or spice. It lends its name to its genus and family . Other notable members of this plant family are turmeric, cardamom, and galangal....	fresh ginger rhizome	生姜	ショウキョウ	shēng jiāng	生薑	生姜	Zingiber officinale	51
Zingiberis Siccatum Rhizoma Ginger Ginger is the rhizome of the plant Zingiber officinale, consumed as a delicacy, medicine, or spice. It lends its name to its genus and family . Other notable members of this plant family are turmeric, cardamom, and galangal....	dried ginger rhizome	乾姜	カンキョウ	gān jiāng	乾薑	干姜	Zingiber officinale	12
Zizyphi Fructus Jujube Ziziphus zizyphus , commonly called jujube , red date, Chinese date, Korean date, or Indian date is a species of Ziziphus in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, used primarily as a fruiting shade tree.-Distribution:Its precise natural distribution is uncertain due to extensive cultivation,...	jujube fruit, Chinese date	大棗	タイソウ	dà zǎo	大棗	大枣	Ziziphus zizyphus	39
Zizyphi Spinosi Semen Jujube Ziziphus zizyphus , commonly called jujube , red date, Chinese date, Korean date, or Indian date is a species of Ziziphus in the buckthorn family Rhamnaceae, used primarily as a fruiting shade tree.-Distribution:Its precise natural distribution is uncertain due to extensive cultivation,...	jujube seed, Chinese date seed	酸棗仁	サンソウニン	suān zǎo rén	酸棗仁	酸枣仁	Ziziphus zizyphus	3

Note 1: this character cannot be displayed correctly on a computer. "庶" is usually substituted in Chinese and Japanese. The "灬" in "庶" should be replaced with "虫".

Note 2: this character cannot be displayed correctly on a computer. "梨" is usually substituted in Chinese. "梨" or "藜" is usually substituted in Japanese. The "勿" in "藜" should be replaced with "刂".

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