Kemani Tatyos Ekserciyan
Encyclopedia
Tatyos Ekserciyan or Tatyos Efendi, was a famous composer of classical Turkish music
, and his works continue to be among the best-remembered and often played pieces of the genre.
An Armenian
from Istanbul
, Tatyos Efendi was born in 1858 in the Ortaköy
district of Istanbul as the son of Monakyan (Manuti), a musician at the Ortaköy Armenian Church. Tatyos Efendi's family had a minor trading business and when he finished the Ortaköy Armenian Elementary School, he started an apprenticeship at a locksmith and later became an apprentice at a savat workshop (a traditional form of silver work). Due to his deep interest in music, Tatyos Efendi left his apprenticeship and bought a second hand kanun to receive his first music lessons from his uncle Movzes Papazyan. He played the kanun with amateur groups and musical meetings in a family setting. Later, he took violin
lessons from Kemani Kör Sebuh and lessons in singing and theory from Andon and Civan brothers and singer Asdik Aga. He conducted many fasıl concerts in various places including the Pirincci Gazino with artists like Karakaş, Ovakim and Şemsi. He composed many popular songs and instrumental works for fasıl.
Tatyos Efendi co-performed with many famous musicians of his time like Ahmed Rasim Bey, Civan and Andon brothers, Şevki Bey, Kemenceci Vasilaki and Tanburi Cemil Bey
. His successful instrumental works show the influence of these co-performances. A poet as well as a composer, he often wrote the lyrics of most of his works. Tatyos Efendi's compositions successfully reflect the traditional aspects of the melodic forms and are a testimony to his superior understanding of the structure of Turkish classical music. The musicians that learned from him include Arşak Çömlekçiyan, Münir Mazhar Kamsoy, Nasibin Mehmet Yürü, Mustafa Sunar and Abdülkadir Töre.
The composer spent his last years alone in misery. His health ailing due to too much alcohol, he was alone except for the company of a few dedicated friends like Ahmed Rasim Bey. He died of cirrhosis of the liver on March 13, 1913 and Ahmed Rasim Bey gathered a dozen or so friends for his funeral and had him buried in the Kadıköy Uzunçayır Armenian Cemetery.
Although especially famous for his command of musical notation and able to take down a tune to paper immediately at first hearing, many of Tatyos Efendi's works were not written down and were lost in time. His surviving works are the peşrevs in the Karcığar, Suznak, Rast makams (melodic form)
, the saz semais in the Hüseyni, Süznak, Rast makams and more than fifty songs in various makams.
Ottoman classical music
Ottoman classical music developed in Istanbul and major Ottoman towns from Skopje to Cairo, from Tabriz to Morocco through the palace, mosques, and sufi lodges of the Ottoman Empire. Above all a vocal music, Ottoman music traditionally accompanies a solo singer with a small instrumental ensemble...
, and his works continue to be among the best-remembered and often played pieces of the genre.
An Armenian
Armenians in Turkey
Armenians in Turkey have an estimated population of 40,000 to 70,000 . Most are concentrated around Istanbul. The Armenians support their own newspapers and schools...
from Istanbul
Istanbul
Istanbul , historically known as Byzantium and Constantinople , is the largest city of Turkey. Istanbul metropolitan province had 13.26 million people living in it as of December, 2010, which is 18% of Turkey's population and the 3rd largest metropolitan area in Europe after London and...
, Tatyos Efendi was born in 1858 in the Ortaköy
Ortaköy
Ortaköy is a neighbourhood, formerly a small village, within the Beşiktaş district of Istanbul, Turkey, located in the middle of the European bank of the Bosphorus....
district of Istanbul as the son of Monakyan (Manuti), a musician at the Ortaköy Armenian Church. Tatyos Efendi's family had a minor trading business and when he finished the Ortaköy Armenian Elementary School, he started an apprenticeship at a locksmith and later became an apprentice at a savat workshop (a traditional form of silver work). Due to his deep interest in music, Tatyos Efendi left his apprenticeship and bought a second hand kanun to receive his first music lessons from his uncle Movzes Papazyan. He played the kanun with amateur groups and musical meetings in a family setting. Later, he took violin
Violin
The violin is a string instrument, usually with four strings tuned in perfect fifths. It is the smallest, highest-pitched member of the violin family of string instruments, which includes the viola and cello....
lessons from Kemani Kör Sebuh and lessons in singing and theory from Andon and Civan brothers and singer Asdik Aga. He conducted many fasıl concerts in various places including the Pirincci Gazino with artists like Karakaş, Ovakim and Şemsi. He composed many popular songs and instrumental works for fasıl.
Tatyos Efendi co-performed with many famous musicians of his time like Ahmed Rasim Bey, Civan and Andon brothers, Şevki Bey, Kemenceci Vasilaki and Tanburi Cemil Bey
Tanburi Cemil Bey
Tanburi Cemil Bey , was a Turkish tanbur, yaylı tanbur, kemençe, and lavta virtuoso and composer, who has greatly contributed to the taksim genre in Ottoman classical music...
. His successful instrumental works show the influence of these co-performances. A poet as well as a composer, he often wrote the lyrics of most of his works. Tatyos Efendi's compositions successfully reflect the traditional aspects of the melodic forms and are a testimony to his superior understanding of the structure of Turkish classical music. The musicians that learned from him include Arşak Çömlekçiyan, Münir Mazhar Kamsoy, Nasibin Mehmet Yürü, Mustafa Sunar and Abdülkadir Töre.
The composer spent his last years alone in misery. His health ailing due to too much alcohol, he was alone except for the company of a few dedicated friends like Ahmed Rasim Bey. He died of cirrhosis of the liver on March 13, 1913 and Ahmed Rasim Bey gathered a dozen or so friends for his funeral and had him buried in the Kadıköy Uzunçayır Armenian Cemetery.
Although especially famous for his command of musical notation and able to take down a tune to paper immediately at first hearing, many of Tatyos Efendi's works were not written down and were lost in time. His surviving works are the peşrevs in the Karcığar, Suznak, Rast makams (melodic form)
Makam
Makam In Turkish classical music, a system of melody types called makam provides a complex set of rules for composing and performance...
, the saz semais in the Hüseyni, Süznak, Rast makams and more than fifty songs in various makams.
Works
List of works by Tatyos Efendi:Makam Makam Makam In Turkish classical music, a system of melody types called makam provides a complex set of rules for composing and performance... (mode) | Genre | Name of the Piece | Usul (rhythm Additive rhythm In music, additive and divisive are terms used to distinguish two types of both rhythm and meter.A divisive rhythm is a rhythm in which a larger period of time is divided into smaller rhythmic units or, conversely, some integer unit is regularly multiplied into larger, equal units; this can be... ) |
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Bestenigar | Peşrev | Bestenigar Peşrev | Fahte |
Hicaz | Şarkı | Bilsen ne bela geçti şu bi–çare serimden | Sengin Semai |
Hicaz | Şarkı | Gülşen–ı zevk–ı hayatın şimdi mehcurlardan | Ağır Aksak |
Hicaz | Şarkı | Nev–bahar–ı dehr içinde harsız gül mü olur | Aksak |
Hicaz | Şarkı | Neydi maksudun senin bu hale koymaktan | Aksak |
Hicaz | Şarkı | Şu mahzun gönlümü yar şad eylesin | Curcuna |
Hicazkar | Şarkı | Ben çare ararken dil–ı bi–çareye senden | Sengin Semai |
Hicazkar | Şarkı | Mani oluyor halimi takrire hicabım | Curcuna |
Hicazkar | Şarkı | Tir–ı çeşmin ta ciğer–gahımda hançerler vur | Ağır Aksak |
Hicazkar | Şarkı | Yok mudur ey mah–peyker zerre insafın ban | Türk Aksağı |
Hüseyni | Şarkı | Çektim elimi gayrı bu dünya hevesinden | Curcuna |
Hüseyni | Şarkı | Gönül düştü yine gülzar–ı zevka | Curcuna |
Hüseyni | Peşrev | Hüseyni Peşrev | Devr–i Kebir |
Hüseyni | Saz Semai | Hüseyni Saz Semaisi | Aksak Semai |
Hüseyni | Şarkı | Meskenim kuşe–ı zillet olalı şam–u seher | Aksak |
Hüseyni | Şarkı | Ölürüm terk edemem ey gül–ı nev–reste seni | Curcuna |
Hüseyni | Şarkı | Sakı–ı bezm–ı elest–ı ruh iken şirin–güvar | Düyek |
Hüseyni–Aşîran | Saz Semai | Hüseyni–Aşiran Saz Semaisi | Aksak Semai |
Hüzzam | Şarkı | Açtım yüzünü talat–ı didarına baktım | Curcuna |
Hüzzam | Şarkı | Gözüm hasretle giryandır | Aksak |
Isfahan | Şarkı | Akl–u sabrım gitti mahzun oldum ah | Aksak |
Karcığar | Şarkı | A gözüm bakma hevayi sözüne | Aksak |
Karcığar | Şarkı | Göz süzüp yan bakışınlaa yine aldatma beni | Aksak |
Karcığar | Şarkı | Güldün eğlendin perişan hal–u kaalimle bug | Ağır Aksak |
Karcığar | Şarkı | Hatırım rahatsız etmezse seni | Curcuna |
Karcığar | Peşrev | Karciğar Peşrev | Çifte Düyek |
Karcığar | Saz Semai | Karciğar Saz Semaisi | Aksak Semai |
Karcığar | Şarkı | Kemend–ı zülf esiri zülf–ı yar oldum | Aksak |
Karcığar | Beste | O mah–tabı aceb gösterir mi bana felek | Zencir |
Karcığar | Şarkı | Söyle çeşm–ı ela sen nur–ı imanım mısın | Ağır Aksak |
Kürdilihicazkâr | Şarkı | Ehl–ı aşkın neşvegahı kuşe–ı meyhanedir | Ağır Aksak |
Kürdilihicazkâr | Şarkı | Hoş geçen eyyamı cana her nefes ah özlerim | Aksak |
Kürdilihicazkâr | Şarkı | İltiyam–ı zahm–ı aşkın ah doktor çaresi | Aksak |
Kürdilihicazkâr | Peşrev | Kürdi'li Hicazkar Peşrev | Devr–i Kebir |
Kürdilihicazkâr | Saz Semai | Kürdi'li Hicazkar Saz Semaisi | Aksak Semai |
Kürdilihicazkâr | Şarkı | Sohbetinle hoş geçen eyyamı cana özlerim | Aksak |
Muhayyer | Şarkı | Uyandı bahtım artık etmem şekva felekten | Sengin Semai |
Müstear | Şarkı | Tağyir olunmuş guya havası | Türk Aksağı |
Neva'da Uşşak | Şarkı | Gam–zedeyim deva bulmam | Sofyan |
Nihavend | Şarkı | Cana firkatinle sinemi ben dağlarım | Aksak |
Nihavend | Şarkı | Geçtikçe demler sehharelendi | Sengin Semai |
Nihavend | Şarkı | Meftunu gönül oldu o şuhane nigahın | Sengin Semai |
Rast | Şarkı | Beni dilgir ederken ah visali | Aksak |
Rast | Şarkı | Bir gönlüme bir hal–ı perişanıma baktım | Sengin Semai |
Rast | Şarkı | Çeşm–ı celladın ne kanlar döktü | Kağıdhane Ağır Aksak |
Rast | Şarkı | İftirak–ıy can kederinle senin ey gül–beden | Ağır Aksak |
Rast | Şarkı | Mavi atlaslar giyersin | Türk Aksağı |
Rast | Şarkı | Mey–ı lalinle dil mestane olsun | Curcuna |
Rast | Peşrev | Rast Peşrev | Düyek |
Rast | Saz Semai | Rast Saz Semaisi | Aksak Semai |
Segah | Şarkı | Nice feryad edeyim ah aşk senden | Aksak |
Suzinak | Şarkı | Afet misin ey hüsn–i mücessem bu ne halet | Sengin Semai |
Suzinak | Şarkı | Atf etme sakın hançer–ı müjganını nagah | Sengin Semai |
Suzinak | Şarkı | Cevher–ı ruhum musun ey melek | Aksak |
Suzinak | Şarkı | Çeşm–ı celladı boyandı girdi artık kaanıma | Ağır Aksak |
Suzinak | Şarkı | Efendim nev–civanımsın | Sengin Semai |
Suzinak | Şarkı | Gel ela gözlüm efendim yanıma | Müsemmen |
Suzinak | Şarkı | Gülşen–ı zevk–ıy hayatın şimdi mehcurlarda | Ağır Aksak |
Suzinak | Şarkı | Güzelim gözlüğünü çeşmine tak | Aksak |
Suzinak | Şarkı | Hasretinle gün–be–gün olmakta halim ah bet | Curcuna |
Suzinak | Peşrev | Suzinak Peşrev | Çenber |
Suzinak | Saz Semai | Suzinak Saz Semaisi | Aksak Semai |
Suzinak | Şarkı | Suznak–ı ateş–ı gam yetiş feryada gel | Aksak |
Suzinak | Şarkı | Suznak–ı fasl–ı aşkın söyleyim dinle yeter | Aksak |
Şehnaz | Şarkı | Sevdi bir şuh–ı cihanı kim gönül | Devr–i Hindi |
Uşşak | Şarkı | Bu akşam gün batarken gel | Aksak |
Uşşak | Şarkı | Nail–ı vuslat olan zinet–ı dünya bilmez | Müsemmen |
Uşşak | Şarkı | Ol kadar ağlattın ki gülmek bana oldu haram | Ağır Aksak |
Uşşak | Şarkı | Rahmi yok bir yare düştüm el–aman gonca | Ağır Aksak |
Uşşak | Şarkı | Ruhum musun ey ruh–ı safa–bahş–ı cihanın | Türk Aksağı |
Uşşak | Peşrev | Uşşak Peşrev | Devr–i Kebir |
Uşşak | Saz Semai | Uşşak Saz Semaisi | Aksak Semai |