Khaling Wildlife Sanctuary is the smallest protected area of Bhutan covering 334.73 square kilometres (129.2 sq mi) in Samdrup Jongkhar District along the southern border with Assam

Assam

Assam , also, rarely, Assam Valley and formerly the Assam Province , is a northeastern state of India and is one of the most culturally and geographically distinct regions of the country...

. Its elevations range between 400 metres (1,312.3 ft) and 2200 metres (7,217.8 ft). Khaling Wildlife Sanctuary is, despite its small acreage, an important habitat for elephant

Elephant

Elephants are large land mammals in two extant genera of the family Elephantidae: Elephas and Loxodonta, with the third genus Mammuthus extinct...

s, gaur

Gaur

The gaur , also called Indian bison, is a large bovine native to South Asia and Southeast Asia. The species is listed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1986 as the population decline in parts of the species' range is likely to be well over 70% over the last three generations...

 (Bos gaurus), and other tropical wildlife. It may also contain the rare pygmy hog

Pygmy Hog

Pygmy hog is an endangered species of small wild pig, previously spread across India, Nepal, and Bhutan but now only found in Assam. The current world population is about 150 individuals or fewer...

 (Porcula salvania) and hispid hare

Hispid Hare

The Hispid hare Caprolagus hispidus, also called Assam rabbit is a leporid native to South Asia, whose historic range extended along the southern foothills of the Himalayas. Today, the habitat of hispid hares is highly fragmented with an area of occupancy of less than extending over an estimated...

 (Caprolagus hispidus) known to inhabit the adjacent Khaling Reserve in Assam, with which Khaling Wildlife Sanctuary forms a trans-border reserve.