Kohi Safi or Sapi Ghar is now one major historical district located in South-eastern Parwan province, Kohi Safi district is one of the most single districts where almost all of the region is populated by Safi tribe

Safi Clan

Safi is a major branch of the greater Gharghasht Pashtun tribe, originating in the Kohi Safi district of Parwan province, and also makes up majority in the Pech Valley of Kunar, Afghanistan. Safi clans are said to have inhabited mainly region Kunar Province. Currently Safi tribesmen are all around...

. Although in 1930s Kohi Safi was said to be one of the 2nd most populous district of Parwan after Charakar, but during 1930s-40s the region was depopulated due to Governments pressure to evacuation of area due to Saf's War on the King. Majority of its population were displaced or escaped further in the north away from borders of capital Kabul

Kabul

Kabul , spelt Caubul in some classic literatures, is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan. It is also the capital of the Kabul Province, located in the eastern section of Afghanistan...

, few escaped to west in modern Herat and many into it India

India

India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

 (After 1947 came to be Pakistan

Pakistan

Pakistan , officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a sovereign state in South Asia. It has a coastline along the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman in the south and is bordered by Afghanistan and Iran in the west, India in the east and China in the far northeast. In the north, Tajikistan...

). The root of the conflict seems to be started due to King Amanuallah Khan's proposal of modernization, Safi and with few other Afghan tribes armed against the ruling family of Durrani. Although some annalists assume the other factor behind the conflict and rise of Safi was mainly due to Safi's not being of ruling Durrani tribe, but rather Shinwari. Although Majority of Shinwari's enjoyed presence of Durrani and many were often involved into Government compare to those of Ghilzai, however Safis are always known to have history of conflict with many ruling governments and empires.

History and Population

The Kohi Safi district is mainly a mountain area, considered to be a small region of the greater Kohistan

Kohistan

Kohistan, also transliterated Kuhistan, Kuhiston, Quhistan , may refer to:in Afghanistan*Kohistan, Kapisa Province, Kapisa Province, a town and administrative center of Hesa Awal Kohistan District...

 region. The name of the district was known to have been mentioned going back as far as the 15th century, it was Sikandar Lodi's personal physician Qulam Adam Mohammad Shahid Mirza mentioning that someone should be sent to Kabul in the land of Saphystan to bring Herbal medicine. Perhaps the Indian medician's Islamic name "Laooq Sapistan" derived its name from Saphystan of greater Kabul also known as Kabulistan

Kabulistan

Kabulistan is a historical term referring to the eastern territories of Greater Khorasan that is centered around present-day Kabul, Afghanistan...

. Kohi Safi along with most of Eastern regions of Parwan region which was part of greater Kohistan

Kohistan

Kohistan, also transliterated Kuhistan, Kuhiston, Quhistan , may refer to:in Afghanistan*Kohistan, Kapisa Province, Kapisa Province, a town and administrative center of Hesa Awal Kohistan District...

 region was also well known during Moghal era as the Saphystan land of Safi. Although the modern Kohi Safi district is smaller both in size and population, but prior to Safi war it carried a much larger population.

Rebuilding

Prior to the rule of Mohammed Nadir Shah

Mohammed Nadir Shah

Mohammed Nadir Shah was King of Afghanistan from 15 October 1929 until his assassination in 1933. Previously, he served as Minister of War, Afghan Ambassador to France, and as a general in the military of Afghanistan...

 majority of Safi and including high class ruling tribal leaders used to settle in Kohi Safi, during the invasion of the Soviets, Kohi Safi was further depopulated, and many infrastructures were destroyed. During the Taliban, Kohi Safi along with Khan Tota was where the Taliban have concentrated their resources, both districts came under heavy bombing during the US air offensives in 2001. From 2001-2003 the roads from Kabul

Kabul

Kabul , spelt Caubul in some classic literatures, is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan. It is also the capital of the Kabul Province, located in the eastern section of Afghanistan...

 to Kohi-Safi were known to be heaven for robbers, gangsters, and anti-US militants, ever since 2004 with many elected members of Safi Clan

Safi Clan

Safi is a major branch of the greater Gharghasht Pashtun tribe, originating in the Kohi Safi district of Parwan province, and also makes up majority in the Pech Valley of Kunar, Afghanistan. Safi clans are said to have inhabited mainly region Kunar Province. Currently Safi tribesmen are all around...

in the government, many projects were proposed, to make Safi district the next Kardi-see of Kabul. Although major developments are on the way, so far major roads, clean water, and part time electricity, has been provided to the people of Kohi Safi.