Kohlberg (Fichtelgebirge)
Encyclopedia
The Kohlberg is a forested mountain made of quartz
phyllite
in northeast Bavaria
, south of Arzberg (Upper Franconia). Its summit is high and it is one of the highest mountains in the Fichtelgebirge
range.
for iron
smelters in the Arzberg. The mountain was jocularly called the Zuckerhut (sugar hat), due to the smuggling
of sugar
over the old border between Bavaria
and Prussia
.
(not manned). At its southwestern foot lies the Feisnitz Reservoir and, to the northwest, the Röslau
flows around the mountain.
Quartz
Quartz is the second-most-abundant mineral in the Earth's continental crust, after feldspar. It is made up of a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra, with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra, giving an overall formula SiO2. There are many different varieties of quartz,...
phyllite
Phyllite
Phyllite is a type of foliated metamorphic rock primarily composed of quartz, sericite mica, and chlorite; the rock represents a gradation in the degree of metamorphism between slate and mica schist. Minute crystals of graphite, sericite, or chlorite impart a silky, sometimes golden sheen to the...
in northeast Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
, south of Arzberg (Upper Franconia). Its summit is high and it is one of the highest mountains in the Fichtelgebirge
Fichtelgebirge
The Fichtelgebirge is a mountain range in northeastern Bavaria, Germany. It extends from the valley of the Red Main River to the Czech border, a few foothills spilling over into the Czech Republic. It continues in a northeastern direction as the Ore Mountains, and in a southeastern direction as...
range.
History
Its name comes from the old Kohlenmeilern (wood piles) used to produce charcoalCharcoal
Charcoal is the dark grey residue consisting of carbon, and any remaining ash, obtained by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances. Charcoal is usually produced by slow pyrolysis, the heating of wood or other substances in the absence of oxygen...
for iron
Iron
Iron is a chemical element with the symbol Fe and atomic number 26. It is a metal in the first transition series. It is the most common element forming the planet Earth as a whole, forming much of Earth's outer and inner core. It is the fourth most common element in the Earth's crust...
smelters in the Arzberg. The mountain was jocularly called the Zuckerhut (sugar hat), due to the smuggling
Smuggling
Smuggling is the clandestine transportation of goods or persons, such as out of a building, into a prison, or across an international border, in violation of applicable laws or other regulations.There are various motivations to smuggle...
of sugar
Sugar
Sugar is a class of edible crystalline carbohydrates, mainly sucrose, lactose, and fructose, characterized by a sweet flavor.Sucrose in its refined form primarily comes from sugar cane and sugar beet...
over the old border between Bavaria
Bavaria
Bavaria, formally the Free State of Bavaria is a state of Germany, located in the southeast of Germany. With an area of , it is the largest state by area, forming almost 20% of the total land area of Germany...
and Prussia
Prussia
Prussia was a German kingdom and historic state originating out of the Duchy of Prussia and the Margraviate of Brandenburg. For centuries, the House of Hohenzollern ruled Prussia, successfully expanding its size by way of an unusually well-organized and effective army. Prussia shaped the history...
.
Structures
On the summit is the Waldenfelswarte observation post and a refuge hut belonging to the Fichtelgebirge ClubFichtelgebirge Club
The Fichtelgebirge Club is a large walking club and local heritage society in Bavaria and recognised conservation group with 20,000 members in 55 local groups. As the name says, its main sphere of activity is in the Fichtelgebirge mountains in north Bavaria...
(not manned). At its southwestern foot lies the Feisnitz Reservoir and, to the northwest, the Röslau
Röslau (river)
The Röslau or Rösla is a right-hand tributary of the Eger River in northeast Bavaria in Germany.It is formed from several small veins that come together on the eastern slope of the Schneeberg west of the Vordorf Mill at Trostau in the Russel forest division.- Spring tapping :A spring, impounded...
flows around the mountain.