Kokshaysk
Encyclopedia
Kokshaysk is a village (selo) in the Mari El Republic
, Russia
, administratively subordinated to the city of Yoshkar-Ola
, as the river port
of Yoshkar-Ola is located there. Kokshaysk is situared near the Mari village of Kokshamary, on the left bank of the Bolshaya Kokshaga River
, where it flows into the Volga
. A road connects the village with Yoshkar-Ola (56 km) and Novocheboksarsk
(34 km). In 2003, the population of Kokshaysk was 1,340, mostly ethnic Russians, Mari, Chuvash
, Tatars
.
. In 1774, Yemelyan Pugachev
, defeated in the battle of Kazan
, crossed the Volga there. In 1920, Kokshaysk was incorporated into Chuvash Autonomous Oblast, but in 1925 it was transferred to Mari Autonomous Oblast
. In 1977, the port of Yoshkar-Ola was built there and Kokshaysk was directly subordinated to the Mari capital.
Mari El
The Mari El Republic is a federal subject of Russia . Its capital is the city of Yoshkar-Ola. Population: -Geography:The republic is located in the eastern part of the East European Plain of Russia, along the Volga River. The swampy Mari Depression is located in the west of the republic...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, administratively subordinated to the city of Yoshkar-Ola
Yoshkar-Ola
Yoshkar-Ola is the capital city of the Mari El Republic, Russia. Population: Yoshkar-Ola means red city in Mari. The current name is the third to have been given to the city. The city was known as Tsaryovokokshaysk before 1919 and as Krasnokokshaysk between 1919 and 1927...
, as the river port
Port
A port is a location on a coast or shore containing one or more harbors where ships can dock and transfer people or cargo to or from land....
of Yoshkar-Ola is located there. Kokshaysk is situared near the Mari village of Kokshamary, on the left bank of the Bolshaya Kokshaga River
Bolshaya Kokshaga River
The Bolshaya Kokshaga is a river in Kirov Oblast and Mari El, Russian Federation. It is a left-bank tributary of the Volga. Its length is 297 km and its drainage basin is 6,330 km²...
, where it flows into the Volga
Volga River
The Volga is the largest river in Europe in terms of length, discharge, and watershed. It flows through central Russia, and is widely viewed as the national river of Russia. Out of the twenty largest cities of Russia, eleven, including the capital Moscow, are situated in the Volga's drainage...
. A road connects the village with Yoshkar-Ola (56 km) and Novocheboksarsk
Novocheboksarsk
Novocheboksarsk is a city in the Chuvash Republic, Russia, located about east of the republic's capital city of Cheboksary, on the southern bank of the Volga River. Population: -History:...
(34 km). In 2003, the population of Kokshaysk was 1,340, mostly ethnic Russians, Mari, Chuvash
Chuvash people
The Chuvash people are a Turkic ethnic group, native to an area stretching from the Volga Region to Siberia. Most of them live in Republic of Chuvashia and surrounding areas, although Chuvash communities may be found throughout all Russia.- Etymology :...
, Tatars
Volga Tatars
The Volga Tatars are the largest subgroup of the Tatars, native to the Volga region.They account for roughly six out of seven million Tatars worldwide....
.
History
On 11 April 1574, Kokshaysk was founded as a fortress on the lands of the Mari people, to suppress them in the course of the Cheremis Wars. When Tsaryovokokshaysk (modern Yoshkar-Ola) was founded in the Mari mainland, Kokshaysk lost its importance. For 190 years it was the center of Kokshaysky Uyezd, covering both Mari and Chuvash sides of the Volga. In 1685 and 1727, Kokshaysk was damaged by the great fires. There were only seventy homesteads in Kokshaysk in 1724, and in 1765 it degraded to a village status; the uyezd was also abolished. Territorially, it belonged to Tsaryovokokshaysky Uyezd of Kazan GovernorateKazan Governorate
The Kazan Governorate or Government of Kazan was a governorate of Imperial Russia from 1708–1920, with the city of Kazan as its capital.-History:...
. In 1774, Yemelyan Pugachev
Yemelyan Pugachev
Yemelyan Ivanovich Pugachov , was a pretender to the Russian throne who led a great Cossack insurrection during the reign of Catherine II...
, defeated in the battle of Kazan
Battle of Kazan (1774)
The Battle of Kazan was a major battle during the Pugachev Rebellion. It took place on 12–15 July 1774 in Kazan, Russia, and the surrounding area. The first stage began in the morning of 12 July, when rebels under Yemelyan Pugachev defeated government troops and besieged them in the Kazan Kremlin....
, crossed the Volga there. In 1920, Kokshaysk was incorporated into Chuvash Autonomous Oblast, but in 1925 it was transferred to Mari Autonomous Oblast
Mari Autonomous Oblast
Mari Autonomous Oblast was created 1920-11-04,as a part of RSFSR. Later Mari ASSR was proclaimed, eventually developed to the modern Mari El Republic within Russian Federation.The early years: Povolzhye famine, 1921 Mari wildfires....
. In 1977, the port of Yoshkar-Ola was built there and Kokshaysk was directly subordinated to the Mari capital.