Kon Ka Kinh National Park
Encyclopedia
Kon Ka Kinh National Park is a national park
of Vietnam
, established by the Decision 167/2002/QĐ-TTg on November 25, 2002 of the Primer Minister
, on the basis of the Kon Ka Kinh Sanctuary.
Kon Ka Kinh National Park is a priority zone for the protection of biodiversity
of Vietnam as well as ASEAN. It is also a biological tourist site.
Besides the biological diversity of the flora and fauna here, Kon Ka Kinh plays an important role in the protection of the upstream of the Ba River
and the Dak Pne River, which supply water for tens of square kilometres of crops areas of Gia Lai Province
and Kon Tum Province
. To the west of this national park is the Yaly Hydroelectricity Plant.
, KBang, and Đắk Đoa of Gia Lai Province
. The center of the park is situated in the Commune of Ayun, Mang Yang
district, northeast of Gia Lai Province, 50 km northeast of Pleiku
, on an area of 417.8 km² with the geological coordinates: N14°09′ to 14°30′ and E108°16′ to 108°28′. To the north of the park is the Commune of Đắk Roong of KBang district; to the south of the park are the Commune Hà Ra and part of Commune of A Yun and Commune Đắk Yă of Mang Yang district; to the east lie the Communes of Đắk Roong, Kon Pne, Kroong, and Lơ Ku of Kbang district; and to the west lies Commune Hà Đông of Đắk Đoa district.
Kon Ka Kinh was listed as a special forest in 1986 by the Decision 194/CT dated August 9, 1986 of the Chairman of the Council of the Ministers of Vietnam, with an area of 280 km², with the purpose of preserving subtropical forest in the high mountains with species of gymnosperm
. In 1999, the Forest Investigation and Planning Institute of Vietnam (FIPI), in conjunction with BirdLife International, created the Kon Ka Kinh Bird Sanctuary Project, which then was approved by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development and the Gia Lai People's Committee in the same year with an area of 417.8 km². Kon Ka Kinh National Park was one of four national parks in Vietnam, together with three other national parks in Vietnam: Ba Bể, Chư Mom Ray
and Hoàng Liên
), also one of 27 national parks in ASEAN was listed on ASEAN Heritage Park.
to 1,748 m (Kon Ka Kinh peak). Streams from the eastern part of the park supply water source Ba River, a twisted river running north-south until it meets the confluence A Yun River and then changes its direction to northwest-southeast before emptying into South China Sea
in Tuy Hoa
city; while to the west of the river lays distributaries of Mekong River. Due to the sloping topography, rivers in this park are short, running fast and creating many waterfalls.
Kon Ka Kinh National Park has 33,565 natural forest, accounting for 80% its total area. It is home to mountainous biological typical lives. There are about 20 square kilometres of broad leaf and needle leaf trees, primarily Pomu (Fokienia hodginsii).
According to the survey results, Kon Ka Kinh National Park contained 687 flora species of 459 genus and 140 families, of which the class of Magnoliopsida
is dominant (104 families, 337 genus, 528 species). Second domination is Liliopsida
(15 families, 82 genus, 111 species). Other diviso of Pteridophyta includes 16 families, 32 genus and 40 species. Gymnosperm includes 5 families, 8 genus, 8 species. Kon Ka Kinh is home to several endangered and preserved endemic species, such as:
Most of the area in Kon Ka Kinh National Park is covered by protozoa with the typical florae:
).
Mammal species including Indochinese Tiger
and Yellow-cheeked Gibbon
.
National park
A national park is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or owns. Although individual nations designate their own national parks differently A national park is a reserve of natural, semi-natural, or developed land that a sovereign state declares or...
of Vietnam
Vietnam
Vietnam – sometimes spelled Viet Nam , officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam – is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia. It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea –...
, established by the Decision 167/2002/QĐ-TTg on November 25, 2002 of the Primer Minister
Prime Minister of Vietnam
-Office:The Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam is the head of the executive branch of the Vietnamese government. The Prime Minister presides over the Vietnamese cabinet, and is responsible for appointing and supervising ministers...
, on the basis of the Kon Ka Kinh Sanctuary.
Kon Ka Kinh National Park is a priority zone for the protection of biodiversity
Biodiversity
Biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or an entire planet. Biodiversity is a measure of the health of ecosystems. Biodiversity is in part a function of climate. In terrestrial habitats, tropical regions are typically rich whereas polar regions...
of Vietnam as well as ASEAN. It is also a biological tourist site.
Besides the biological diversity of the flora and fauna here, Kon Ka Kinh plays an important role in the protection of the upstream of the Ba River
Ba River
Ba River may refer to several rivers:*Ba River *Ba River *The upstream part of Đà Rằng River, Vietnam...
and the Dak Pne River, which supply water for tens of square kilometres of crops areas of Gia Lai Province
Gia Lai Province
Gia Lai is a province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.-Administrative divisions:The province is divided into one city , two towns , and 13 districts:#Chư Păh#Chư Prông#Chư Sê#Đắk Đoa#Đắk Pơ#Đức Cơ#Ia Grai#Ia Pa...
and Kon Tum Province
Kon Tum Province
Kon Tum province lies in the Central Highlands region of Vietnam and shares borders with Laos and Cambodia. It has an area of 9,934 square km and a population of approximately 330,000. The economy is primarily agricultural.-Name:...
. To the west of this national park is the Yaly Hydroelectricity Plant.
General information
Kon Ka Kinh National Park is located on the Kon Tum Plateau, in the areas of districts Mang YangMang Yang
Mang Yang is a district of Gia Lai Province in the Central Highlands region of Vietnam.As of 2003 the district had a population of 43,734. The district covers an area of 1,126 km². The district capital lies at Kon Dong.-References:...
, KBang, and Đắk Đoa of Gia Lai Province
Gia Lai Province
Gia Lai is a province in the Central Highlands of Vietnam.-Administrative divisions:The province is divided into one city , two towns , and 13 districts:#Chư Păh#Chư Prông#Chư Sê#Đắk Đoa#Đắk Pơ#Đức Cơ#Ia Grai#Ia Pa...
. The center of the park is situated in the Commune of Ayun, Mang Yang
Mang Yang
Mang Yang is a district of Gia Lai Province in the Central Highlands region of Vietnam.As of 2003 the district had a population of 43,734. The district covers an area of 1,126 km². The district capital lies at Kon Dong.-References:...
district, northeast of Gia Lai Province, 50 km northeast of Pleiku
Pleiku
Pleiku is a town in central Vietnam, located in that nation's central highland region. It is the capital of the Gia Lai Province; it is inhabited primarily by the Bahnar and Jarai ethnic groups, sometimes known as the Montagnards or Degar....
, on an area of 417.8 km² with the geological coordinates: N14°09′ to 14°30′ and E108°16′ to 108°28′. To the north of the park is the Commune of Đắk Roong of KBang district; to the south of the park are the Commune Hà Ra and part of Commune of A Yun and Commune Đắk Yă of Mang Yang district; to the east lie the Communes of Đắk Roong, Kon Pne, Kroong, and Lơ Ku of Kbang district; and to the west lies Commune Hà Đông of Đắk Đoa district.
Kon Ka Kinh was listed as a special forest in 1986 by the Decision 194/CT dated August 9, 1986 of the Chairman of the Council of the Ministers of Vietnam, with an area of 280 km², with the purpose of preserving subtropical forest in the high mountains with species of gymnosperm
Gymnosperm
The gymnosperms are a group of seed-bearing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and Gnetales. The term "gymnosperm" comes from the Greek word gymnospermos , meaning "naked seeds", after the unenclosed condition of their seeds...
. In 1999, the Forest Investigation and Planning Institute of Vietnam (FIPI), in conjunction with BirdLife International, created the Kon Ka Kinh Bird Sanctuary Project, which then was approved by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development and the Gia Lai People's Committee in the same year with an area of 417.8 km². Kon Ka Kinh National Park was one of four national parks in Vietnam, together with three other national parks in Vietnam: Ba Bể, Chư Mom Ray
Chu Mom Ray National Park
Chu Mom Ray National Park is a national park in the province of Kon Tum, Tay Nguyen, Vietnam....
and Hoàng Liên
Hoang Lien National Park
Hoang Lien National Park is a national park within Hoang Lien Son Range, in the districts of Sa Pa, Than Uyên of Lào Cai Province, and part of Phong Thổ District in Lai Châu Province....
), also one of 27 national parks in ASEAN was listed on ASEAN Heritage Park.
Topography
The altitude of this park varies from 570 m (in valley of Ba RiverBa River
Ba River may refer to several rivers:*Ba River *Ba River *The upstream part of Đà Rằng River, Vietnam...
to 1,748 m (Kon Ka Kinh peak). Streams from the eastern part of the park supply water source Ba River, a twisted river running north-south until it meets the confluence A Yun River and then changes its direction to northwest-southeast before emptying into South China Sea
South China Sea
The South China Sea is a marginal sea that is part of the Pacific Ocean, encompassing an area from the Singapore and Malacca Straits to the Strait of Taiwan of around...
in Tuy Hoa
Tuy Hoa
Tuy Hòa is the capital city of Phu Yen province in south-central Vietnam. The city has the total area of 107 km2 and the population of 262 000 ....
city; while to the west of the river lays distributaries of Mekong River. Due to the sloping topography, rivers in this park are short, running fast and creating many waterfalls.
Kon Ka Kinh National Park has 33,565 natural forest, accounting for 80% its total area. It is home to mountainous biological typical lives. There are about 20 square kilometres of broad leaf and needle leaf trees, primarily Pomu (Fokienia hodginsii).
Florae
Due to the characteristics of its topography, climate, soil conditions, and other factors, this park contains a great deal of biodiversity. It is home to:- Florae typical to North Vietnam: FabaceaeFabaceaeThe Fabaceae or Leguminosae, commonly known as the legume, pea, or bean family, is a large and economically important family of flowering plants. The group is the third largest land plant family, behind only the Orchidaceae and Asteraceae, with 730 genera and over 19,400 species...
, EuphorbiaceaeEuphorbiaceaeEuphorbiaceae, the Spurge family are a large family of flowering plants with 300 genera and around 7,500 species. Most are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are also shrubs or trees. Some are succulent and resemble cacti....
, MagnoliaceaeMagnoliaceaeThe Magnoliaceae, or Magnolia Family, is a flowering plant family in the order Magnoliales. It consists of two subfamilies:*Magnolioideae, of which Magnolia is the most well-known genus....
, MoraceaeMoraceaeMoraceae — often called the mulberry family or fig family — are a family of flowering plants comprising about 40 genera and over 1000 species. Most are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, less so in temperate climates...
, Anonaceae, LauraceaeLauraceaeThe Lauraceae or Laurel family comprises a group of flowering plants included in the order Laurales. The family contains about 55 genera and over 3500, perhaps as many as 4000, species world-wide, mostly from warm or tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and South America...
, FagaceaeFagaceaeThe family Fagaceae, or beech family, comprises about 900 species of both evergreen and deciduous trees and shrubs, which are characterized by alternate simple leaves with pinnate venation, unisexual flowers in the form of catkins, and fruit in the form of cup-like nuts. Fagaceous leaves are often...
…etc These families contrentrate in areas influenced by wet tropical rain. In these area, tree density is high and dominant species are not typical. - Species native to YunanYunanYunan may refer to:in fictional characters* King Yunan, a character in One Thousand and One Nights, a collection of Middle Eastern and South Asian stories and folk talesin places...
– GuizhouGuizhou' is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country. Its provincial capital city is Guiyang.- History :...
and foot of Himalaya includes: needle leaf of gymnospermGymnospermThe gymnosperms are a group of seed-bearing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and Gnetales. The term "gymnosperm" comes from the Greek word gymnospermos , meaning "naked seeds", after the unenclosed condition of their seeds...
such as (Podocarpus imbricatus), (Dacrydium pierrei), (Nageia wallichianaNageia wallichianaNageia wallichiana is a species of conifer in the Podocarpaceae family.It is tree 10-54 m high, found in Brunei, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.-References:...
), (Fokienia hodginsii) …etc - Species native to Malaysia-Indonesia: DipterocarpaceaeDipterocarpaceaeDipterocarpaceae is a family of 17 genera and approximately 500 species of mainly tropical lowland rainforest trees. The family name, from the type genus Dipterocarpus, is derived from Greek and refers to the two-winged fruit...
such as (Anogeissus acuminata), (Parashorea stellataParashorea stellataParashorea stellata is a species of plant in the Dipterocarpaceae family. It is found in Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:...
), (Parashorea chinensisParashorea chinensisParashorea chinensis is a species of plant in the Dipterocarpaceae family. It is found in China and Vietnam. It is threatened by habitat loss.-Source:* Ashton, P. 1998. . Downloaded on 23 August 2007....
)…etc - Species native to India-Myanmar: Typical species include: CombretaceaeCombretaceaeCombretaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Myrtales. The family includes about 600 species of trees, shrubs, and lianas in 18 genera. The family includes the leadwood tree, Combretum imberbe. Three genera, Conocarpus, Laguncularia and Lumnitzera, grow in mangrove habitats ....
such as (Terminalia bellirica) or LythraceaeLythraceaeLythraceae are a family of flowering plants. It includes about 620 species of mostly herbs, with some shrubs and trees, in 31 genera. Major genera include Cuphea , Lagerstroemia , Nesaea , Rotala , and Lythrum...
such as (Lagerstroemia tomentosa) v.v.
According to the survey results, Kon Ka Kinh National Park contained 687 flora species of 459 genus and 140 families, of which the class of Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliopsida is a valid botanical name for a class of flowering plants. By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its circumscription can otherwise vary, being more inclusive or less inclusive depending upon the classification system being discussed.-Cronquist and...
is dominant (104 families, 337 genus, 528 species). Second domination is Liliopsida
Liliopsida
Liliopsida is a botanical name for the class containing the family Liliaceae . It is considered synonymous with the name monocotyledon. Publication of the name is credited to Scopoli : see author citation...
(15 families, 82 genus, 111 species). Other diviso of Pteridophyta includes 16 families, 32 genus and 40 species. Gymnosperm includes 5 families, 8 genus, 8 species. Kon Ka Kinh is home to several endangered and preserved endemic species, such as:
- 11 endemic species: (Pinus dalatensis), hoa khế, (Afzelia xylocarpaAfzelia xylocarpaAfzelia xylocarpa is a tree from Southeast Asia. It grows in Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos and Burma in deciduous forests. It can reach 30 meters tall with a trunk up to 2 meters in diameter in a mature specimen. An alternative Latin name is Pahudia cochinchinensis.The seeds are harvested for...
), (Dalbergia annamensisDalbergia annamensisDalbergia annamensis is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family.It is found only in Vietnam.It is threatened by habitat loss and agent orange.-Source:* Nghia, N.H. 1998. . Downloaded on 09 July 2007....
), (Dialium cochinchinenseDialium cochinchinenseDialium cochinchinense is a species of legume in the Fabaceae family.It is found in Cambodia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.It is threatened by habitat loss.-Sources:...
), (Alchornea annamica), du moóc, (Calamus poilanei), lọng hiệp, (Dendrobium bellatulumDendrobium bellatulumThe Enchanting Dendrobium is a species of orchid....
). - Florae in this park includes 24 precious and rare species, valuable for genetic preservation and scientific research and were listed in Vietnam Endangered Red Book and world's Endangered Species Red Book. Of these 34 species, 24 species are listed in Vietnam Red Book, inclusive of 2 E class species (in danger of extinction), 6 V class species (will be in danger of extinction), 7 R class species (rare), 1 T class species, and 8 K class species.
Most of the area in Kon Ka Kinh National Park is covered by protozoa with the typical florae:
- Evergreen forest, subtropical wet rain and low mountain forest.
- Mixing subtropical needle and broadleaf forest, with dominant (Fokienia hodginsii) forest.
Fauna
According to the survey, Kon Ka Kinh National Park is home to 428 animal species, of which, 223 species are of vertebrates living on land (34 ordo, 74 families) and 205 species Invertebrates (such as butterfly) of 10 families of (LepidopteraLepidoptera
Lepidoptera is a large order of insects that includes moths and butterflies . It is one of the most widespread and widely recognizable insect orders in the world, encompassing moths and the three superfamilies of butterflies, skipper butterflies, and moth-butterflies...
).
Mammal species including Indochinese Tiger
Indochinese Tiger
The Indochinese tiger or Corbett's tiger is a subspecies of tiger found in Cambodia, Laos, Burma, Thailand, and Vietnam and formerly in China. Tigers in peninsular Malaysia, formerly classified as Indochinese, have recently been reclassified as a separate subspecies, Malayan tiger Panthera tigris...
and Yellow-cheeked Gibbon
Yellow-cheeked Gibbon
The yellow-cheeked gibbon , also called the yellow-cheeked crested gibbon, the golden-cheeked crested gibbon or the buffed-cheeked gibbon, is a species of gibbon native to Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia....
.