Konstal 105N
Encyclopedia
Konstal 105N is a family of electric tram
s designed by Konstal
, a Polish
company based in Chorzów
, produced between 1973 and 2001.
The design came about as a result of the modernisation of Konstal's earlier 13N model from the 1960s and 1970s with a lighter body. All the electrical systems from the old model remained, but the new model abandoned the streamlined appearance of its predecessor for a more angular look. The side windows were enlarged, and smaller windows were added on the front and sides, leading to its being nicknamed the aquarium. The first models lacked the ability to be connected to one another, and the placement of the electrical system caused problems with humidity. The tram was equipped with electromagnetic
, drum
and rail brakes. Its chief engineers were Zygmunt Giziński and Wojciech Kozik.
In 1977 4 105NW cabs for Bydgoszcz and Łódź, were made for meter-gauge tracks.
25 units of a new version for Łódź, the 805N were built in 1978.
In 1995, on a base of two 105N cabs, HCP
in Poznań
built a prototype of a three-module, partially low-floor tram, the Konstal/HCP 105N/2 - the first of its kind built in Poland.
The 105N trams were used in all Polish cities with tram systems. During their years of service, most of them were modernized and upgraded to the 105Na variant, so today there are only a few of them remaining. In Gdańsk
(1), Poznań
(2), and Szczecin
(2) there are cabs rebuilt to the earliest version.
The narrow-gauge version, 105NW, was used in Bydgoszcz and Łódź, but the cabs were upgraded. The 805N cabs in Łódź were also upgraded to 805Na.
Tram
A tram is a passenger rail vehicle which runs on tracks along public urban streets and also sometimes on separate rights of way. It may also run between cities and/or towns , and/or partially grade separated even in the cities...
s designed by Konstal
Konstal
Konstal is a Polish tram builder.They made several types of trams, amongst others:* Konstal 105Na* Konstal 105N* Konstal 105NWr* Konstal 805Nm...
, a Polish
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
company based in Chorzów
Chorzów
Chorzów is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice. Chorzów is one of the central districts of the Upper Silesian Metropolitan Union - a metropolis with a population of 2 million...
, produced between 1973 and 2001.
Konstal 105N
105N is a single module, unidirectional engine car with four doors on the right side.The design came about as a result of the modernisation of Konstal's earlier 13N model from the 1960s and 1970s with a lighter body. All the electrical systems from the old model remained, but the new model abandoned the streamlined appearance of its predecessor for a more angular look. The side windows were enlarged, and smaller windows were added on the front and sides, leading to its being nicknamed the aquarium. The first models lacked the ability to be connected to one another, and the placement of the electrical system caused problems with humidity. The tram was equipped with electromagnetic
Electromagnetic brake
An eddy current brake, like a conventional friction brake, is responsible for slowing an object, such as a train or a roller coaster. However, unlike electro-mechanical brakes, which apply mechanical pressure on two separate objects, eddy current brakes slow an object by creating eddy currents...
, drum
Drum brake
A drum brake is a brake in which the friction is caused by a set of shoes or pads that press against a rotating drum-shaped part called a brake drum....
and rail brakes. Its chief engineers were Zygmunt Giziński and Wojciech Kozik.
Versions
The basic version, 105N (and later series of 105N/1 with only minor changes), had 980 units.In 1977 4 105NW cabs for Bydgoszcz and Łódź, were made for meter-gauge tracks.
25 units of a new version for Łódź, the 805N were built in 1978.
In 1995, on a base of two 105N cabs, HCP
H. Cegielski - Poznan S.A.
H. Cegielski - Poznań S.A. is a well-known Polish manufacturing company from the city of Poznań. The company is locally known as Ceglorz, and since 1923 has also used the HCP symbol.-History:...
in Poznań
Poznan
Poznań is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, with a population of 556,022 in June 2009. It is among the oldest cities in Poland, and was one of the most important centres in the early Polish state, whose first rulers were buried at Poznań's cathedral. It is sometimes claimed to be...
built a prototype of a three-module, partially low-floor tram, the Konstal/HCP 105N/2 - the first of its kind built in Poland.
The 105N trams were used in all Polish cities with tram systems. During their years of service, most of them were modernized and upgraded to the 105Na variant, so today there are only a few of them remaining. In Gdańsk
Gdansk
Gdańsk is a Polish city on the Baltic coast, at the centre of the country's fourth-largest metropolitan area.The city lies on the southern edge of Gdańsk Bay , in a conurbation with the city of Gdynia, spa town of Sopot, and suburban communities, which together form a metropolitan area called the...
(1), Poznań
Poznan
Poznań is a city on the Warta river in west-central Poland, with a population of 556,022 in June 2009. It is among the oldest cities in Poland, and was one of the most important centres in the early Polish state, whose first rulers were buried at Poznań's cathedral. It is sometimes claimed to be...
(2), and Szczecin
Szczecin
Szczecin , is the capital city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. It is the country's seventh-largest city and the largest seaport in Poland on the Baltic Sea. As of June 2009 the population was 406,427....
(2) there are cabs rebuilt to the earliest version.
The narrow-gauge version, 105NW, was used in Bydgoszcz and Łódź, but the cabs were upgraded. The 805N cabs in Łódź were also upgraded to 805Na.
Specification
- length 13500 mm
- width 2400 mm
- high 3060 mm
- weight 16800 kg
- seats for 20 persons
- standing 105 persons
- Engines 4, each 41.5 kW