Konti-Skan
Encyclopedia
Konti–Skan is the name of high-voltage direct-current
transmission line
between Denmark
and Sweden
.
of 250 kV, was taken out of operation and was disconnected on 15 August 2006. The 1988-built Kontiskan 2 can transmit 300 MW with a voltage of 285 kV. While Kontiskan 1 used mercury vapor rectifiers
in the static inverter plant
s, Kontiskan 2 uses thyristor
s.
near Aalborg
. From Vester Hassing a 34 kilometres (21.1 mi) long overhead line with two conductors runs to the cable terminal at the Danish coast near Staesnaes. This line was originally used by the high voltage pole of Konti–Skan 1 and from Vester Hassing until a point a few kilometres south of the cable terminal by the electrode line, which turned there eastwards to the ground electrode at Soera
. At implementation of Konti–Skan 2 the whole overhead electrode line was replaced by two 27 kilometres (16.8 mi) long underground cables and the second conductor of the overhead line got the high-voltage pole of Konti–Skan 2. The 23 kilometres (14.3 mi) long submarine cable to the Danish island of Laeso starts at Stensnaes and consists of 3 parallel cables. Each of these cables has two copper conductors with a copper cross section of 310 square millimeters. One of these cables was used by Kontiskan 1 and one is used by Kontiskan 2. From the third cable, one conductor was used by Kontiskan 1 and the other is used by Kontiskan 2. Konti–Skan crosses Laeso-Island on a 17 kilometres (10.6 mi) long overhead line with two conductors. Before the implementation of Konti–Skan 2 both conductors were switched parallel, today one conductor is used for the high voltage pole of Konti–Skan 1, while the other is used by that of Konti–Skan 2. Between Laeso and Sweden each high voltage pole of Konti–Skan uses a monopolar copper cable with a cross section of 1200 square millimetres.
From the Swedish coast a 38 kilometres (23.6 mi) long overhead power line runs to the converter station of Konti–Skan 1 near Stenkullen
. On the first 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) of this line the pylons carry the high-voltage conductors of Kontiskan 1 and 2. East of Brännemysten they carry also the conductor of the electrode line like a ground conductor on the pinnacle, but of course insulated to the structure of the pylons. It comes from the common grounding electrode of Kontiskan 1 and 2 near Risø in the Baltic Sea
and runs after a submarine/underground cable section ending at a cable terminal near Brattas northwards as pole line to the high voltage pole line of Konti–Skan at Brännemysten. The Swedish static inverters of Kontiskan are situated at different places: that of Kontiskan 1 at Stenkullen, east of Göteborg and that of Kontiskan 2 near Lindome
south of Göteborg and south of the route of Kontiskan 1. The last 30 kilometres (18.6 mi) of Konti–Skan 1 are installed on guyed aluminum framework pylons with an unusually low weight of only 800 kilograms. These pylons carry 2 conductors, the high-voltage pole and the electrode line of Konti–Skan 1 on insulators of equal length.
Short before the end of the line to Stenkullen, the line shares two pylons with the three-phase AC line from Stenkullen to Holmbokullen. These are beside the pylons at the terminal of HVDC Volgograd-Donbass
at Volga-Hydroelectric Power Plant the only pylons carrying AC and DC circuits.
Overhead Line on Laeso
Overhead Line from Swedish Coast to Lindome
Overhead Line Lindome-Stenkullen
Electrode Line in Sweden
High-voltage direct current
A high-voltage, direct current electric power transmission system uses direct current for the bulk transmission of electrical power, in contrast with the more common alternating current systems. For long-distance transmission, HVDC systems may be less expensive and suffer lower electrical losses...
transmission line
Transmission line
In communications and electronic engineering, a transmission line is a specialized cable designed to carry alternating current of radio frequency, that is, currents with a frequency high enough that its wave nature must be taken into account...
between Denmark
Denmark
Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe. The countries of Denmark and Greenland, as well as the Faroe Islands, constitute the Kingdom of Denmark . It is the southernmost of the Nordic countries, southwest of Sweden and south of Norway, and bordered to the south by Germany. Denmark...
and Sweden
Sweden
Sweden , officially the Kingdom of Sweden , is a Nordic country on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Sweden borders with Norway and Finland and is connected to Denmark by a bridge-tunnel across the Öresund....
.
Technical description
The 1965-built Kontiskan 1, which was able to transmit an up to 250 megawatts (MW) of power with an operating voltageVoltage
Voltage, otherwise known as electrical potential difference or electric tension is the difference in electric potential between two points — or the difference in electric potential energy per unit charge between two points...
of 250 kV, was taken out of operation and was disconnected on 15 August 2006. The 1988-built Kontiskan 2 can transmit 300 MW with a voltage of 285 kV. While Kontiskan 1 used mercury vapor rectifiers
Mercury arc valve
A mercury-arc valve is a type of electrical rectifier used for converting high-voltage or high-current alternating current into direct current . Rectifiers of this type were used to provide power for industrial motors, electric railways, streetcars, and electric locomotives, as well as for...
in the static inverter plant
Static inverter plant
A static inverter station, also known as an HVDC Converter Station, is the terminal equipment for a high-voltage direct-current transmission line, in which direct current is converted to three-phase alternating current, and, usually, the reverse...
s, Kontiskan 2 uses thyristor
Thyristor
A thyristor is a solid-state semiconductor device with four layers of alternating N and P-type material. They act as bistable switches, conducting when their gate receives a current trigger, and continue to conduct while they are forward biased .Some sources define silicon controlled rectifiers and...
s.
Route
On the Danish side, the static inverter plant used as well by Konti–Skan 1 and 2 is close to Vester HassingVester Hassing
Vester Hassing is a Danish town in North Jutland, Denmark immediately north of the Limfjord, and a part of Aalborg Municipality and Region Nordjylland. The town is situated 17 km to the east from Aalborg, where the majority of the citizens are working....
near Aalborg
Aalborg
-Transport:On the north side of the Limfjord is Nørresundby, which is connected to Aalborg by a road bridge Limfjordsbroen, an iron railway bridge Jernbanebroen over Limfjorden, as well as a motorway tunnel running under the Limfjord Limfjordstunnelen....
. From Vester Hassing a 34 kilometres (21.1 mi) long overhead line with two conductors runs to the cable terminal at the Danish coast near Staesnaes. This line was originally used by the high voltage pole of Konti–Skan 1 and from Vester Hassing until a point a few kilometres south of the cable terminal by the electrode line, which turned there eastwards to the ground electrode at Soera
Soera
Soera is an administrative ward in the Kondoa district of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. According to the 2002 census, the ward has a total population of 7,034....
. At implementation of Konti–Skan 2 the whole overhead electrode line was replaced by two 27 kilometres (16.8 mi) long underground cables and the second conductor of the overhead line got the high-voltage pole of Konti–Skan 2. The 23 kilometres (14.3 mi) long submarine cable to the Danish island of Laeso starts at Stensnaes and consists of 3 parallel cables. Each of these cables has two copper conductors with a copper cross section of 310 square millimeters. One of these cables was used by Kontiskan 1 and one is used by Kontiskan 2. From the third cable, one conductor was used by Kontiskan 1 and the other is used by Kontiskan 2. Konti–Skan crosses Laeso-Island on a 17 kilometres (10.6 mi) long overhead line with two conductors. Before the implementation of Konti–Skan 2 both conductors were switched parallel, today one conductor is used for the high voltage pole of Konti–Skan 1, while the other is used by that of Konti–Skan 2. Between Laeso and Sweden each high voltage pole of Konti–Skan uses a monopolar copper cable with a cross section of 1200 square millimetres.
From the Swedish coast a 38 kilometres (23.6 mi) long overhead power line runs to the converter station of Konti–Skan 1 near Stenkullen
Stenkullen
Stenkullen is a part of Lerum Municipality, Sweden. Stenkullen is made up mainly of the school Stenkulan and its sports facility. It also has the largest skatepark in the Municipality. It is home for the soccer team Stenkullens GoIK and the ice hockey team Lerums boll klubb , where NHL player Loui...
. On the first 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) of this line the pylons carry the high-voltage conductors of Kontiskan 1 and 2. East of Brännemysten they carry also the conductor of the electrode line like a ground conductor on the pinnacle, but of course insulated to the structure of the pylons. It comes from the common grounding electrode of Kontiskan 1 and 2 near Risø in the Baltic Sea
Baltic Sea
The Baltic Sea is a brackish mediterranean sea located in Northern Europe, from 53°N to 66°N latitude and from 20°E to 26°E longitude. It is bounded by the Scandinavian Peninsula, the mainland of Europe, and the Danish islands. It drains into the Kattegat by way of the Øresund, the Great Belt and...
and runs after a submarine/underground cable section ending at a cable terminal near Brattas northwards as pole line to the high voltage pole line of Konti–Skan at Brännemysten. The Swedish static inverters of Kontiskan are situated at different places: that of Kontiskan 1 at Stenkullen, east of Göteborg and that of Kontiskan 2 near Lindome
Lindome
Lindome is a civil parish and a locality situated in Mölndal Municipality, Västra Götaland County, Sweden with 13,830 inhabitants in the parish in 2009 . The Swedish comic creator Rune Andreasson was born in this small town 1925.- Points of interest :At Lindome there is the static inverter plant of...
south of Göteborg and south of the route of Kontiskan 1. The last 30 kilometres (18.6 mi) of Konti–Skan 1 are installed on guyed aluminum framework pylons with an unusually low weight of only 800 kilograms. These pylons carry 2 conductors, the high-voltage pole and the electrode line of Konti–Skan 1 on insulators of equal length.
Short before the end of the line to Stenkullen, the line shares two pylons with the three-phase AC line from Stenkullen to Holmbokullen. These are beside the pylons at the terminal of HVDC Volgograd-Donbass
HVDC Volgograd-Donbass
The HVDC Volgograd–Donbass is a long bipolar 400 kV high voltage direct current powerline used for transmitting electric power from Volga Hydroelectric Station at Volgograd to Donbas and vice versa...
at Volga-Hydroelectric Power Plant the only pylons carrying AC and DC circuits.
Sites
| Site | Coordinates |
|---|---|
| Vester Hassing HVDC Static Inverter | 57°03′46"N 10°05′24"E |
| Lyngsa Cable Terminal (Jutland) | 57°14′01"N 10°32′29"E |
| Tusholm Cable Terminal (Laeso) | 57°15′08"N 10°54′13"E |
| Osterby Cable Terminal (Laeso) | 57°18′32"N 11°07′35"E |
| Ambjörnhagen Cable Terminal (Sweden) | 57°34′11"N 11°58′27"E |
| Brattas Overhead Electrode Line Terminal (Sweden) | 57°33′6"N 11°59′17"E |
| Brännemysten Konti–Skan Electrode Line Branch | 57°34′27"N 12°0′5"E |
| Lindome Konti–Skan Branch Tower | 57°36′38"N 12°6′25"E |
| Lindome HVDC Static Inverter | 57°36′24"N 12°6′40"E |
| Stenkullen HVDC Static Inverter | 57°48′15"N 12°19′13"E |
Waypoints
Overhead Line in DenmarkOverhead Line on Laeso
Overhead Line from Swedish Coast to Lindome
Overhead Line Lindome-Stenkullen
Electrode Line in Sweden
External links
- http://www.abb.com/cawp/GAD02181/22F17C5B4CED084CC1256E27002B3C7D.aspx
- http://web.archive.org/web/20051115122606/www.transmission.bpa.gov/cigresc14/Compendium/KONTI.htm
- http://web.archive.org/web/20051115122606/www.transmission.bpa.gov/cigresc14/Compendium/Konti%20Pictures.pdf