Krasniye Vorota
Encyclopedia
Krasnye Vorota is a Moscow Metro
station in the Krasnoselsky District
, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow
. It is on the Sokolnicheskaya Line
, between Chistye Prudy and Komsomolskaya stations.
In 1952 the first turnstile
in the Moscow Metro system was installed at this station. Between 1962 and 1986 the station was renamed Lermontovskaya in honour of the Russian author Mikhail Lermontov
. There is still a bust of Lermontov at the end of the platform.
and N. Andrikanis, it opened as part of the first Metro line in 1935.
Krasnye Vorota was one of Moscow's first four deep-level stations, and one of the first two to employ a three-arched design with three parallel, circular tunnels. In this type of station, the outer tubes (which house the tracks and platforms) are separated from the larger central hall by heavy pylons. This design was planned to be used for the first time on the four central-city stations on the first Metro line, Krasnye Vorota, Chistye Prudy, Lubyanka
, and Okhotnyi Ryad. However, due to construction difficulties a simpler two-arched design was implemented at Lubyanka or Chistye Prudy.
Krasnye Vorota has off-white tiled walls and pylons faced with dark red Shrosha marble
from Georgia
. A model of the station was exhibited at the 1938 World's Fair
in Paris
, where it was awarded a Grand Prix.
Krasnye Vorota's original vestibule is a distinctive, shell-like building designed by Nikolai Ladovsky
which stands on the south side of the Garden Ring
. A second vestibule, built into the ground floor of the Red Gate Square
skyscraper
(architect Alexey Dushkin
), was completed in 1953.
Moscow Metro
The Moscow Metro is a rapid transit system serving Moscow and the neighbouring town of Krasnogorsk. Opened in 1935 with one line and 13 stations, it was the first underground railway system in the Soviet Union. As of 2011, the Moscow Metro has 182 stations and its route length is . The system is...
station in the Krasnoselsky District
Krasnoselsky District, Moscow
Krasnoselsky District Most of the district's territory is occupied by railroads, rail yards, and the three rail terminals around Komsomolskaya Square. It also contains a narrow sector of central Moscow, extending north-east from Lubyanka Square within the boundaries of Myasnitskaya Square and...
, Central Administrative Okrug, Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
. It is on the Sokolnicheskaya Line
Sokolnicheskaya Line
The Sokolnicheskaya Line is the first line of the Moscow Metro, dating back to 1935 when the system opened. Presently the line has 19 stations with a total of of track...
, between Chistye Prudy and Komsomolskaya stations.
History
Work began on Krasnye Vorota in the spring of 1932 and proceeded smoothly despite fears that the untested three-arch design would collapse under the weight of the soil. The station opened without a delay on 15 May 1935.In 1952 the first turnstile
Turnstile
A turnstile, also called a baffle gate, is a form of gate which allows one person to pass at a time. It can also be made so as to enforce one-way traffic of people, and in addition, it can restrict passage only to people who insert a coin, a ticket, a pass, or similar...
in the Moscow Metro system was installed at this station. Between 1962 and 1986 the station was renamed Lermontovskaya in honour of the Russian author Mikhail Lermontov
Mikhail Lermontov
Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov , a Russian Romantic writer, poet and painter, sometimes called "the poet of the Caucasus", became the most important Russian poet after Alexander Pushkin's death in 1837. Lermontov is considered the supreme poet of Russian literature alongside Pushkin and the greatest...
. There is still a bust of Lermontov at the end of the platform.
Name
The station's name means Red Gates in Russian. It comes from the square where the famous monumental archway Red Gates once stoodDesign
Designed by architects Ivan FominIvan Fomin
Ivan Aleksandrovich Fomin was a Russian architect and educator. He began his career in 1899 in Moscow, working in the Art Nouveau style. After relocating to Saint Petersburg in 1905, he became an established master of the Neoclassical Revival movement...
and N. Andrikanis, it opened as part of the first Metro line in 1935.
Krasnye Vorota was one of Moscow's first four deep-level stations, and one of the first two to employ a three-arched design with three parallel, circular tunnels. In this type of station, the outer tubes (which house the tracks and platforms) are separated from the larger central hall by heavy pylons. This design was planned to be used for the first time on the four central-city stations on the first Metro line, Krasnye Vorota, Chistye Prudy, Lubyanka
Lubyanka (Metro)
Lubyanka is a station on the Sokolnicheskaya Line of the Moscow Metro, located under Lubyanka Square. It opened in 1935 as part of the first stage of the Metro.-History:...
, and Okhotnyi Ryad. However, due to construction difficulties a simpler two-arched design was implemented at Lubyanka or Chistye Prudy.
Krasnye Vorota has off-white tiled walls and pylons faced with dark red Shrosha marble
Marble
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite.Geologists use the term "marble" to refer to metamorphosed limestone; however stonemasons use the term more broadly to encompass unmetamorphosed limestone.Marble is commonly used for...
from Georgia
Georgia (country)
Georgia is a sovereign state in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded to the west by the Black Sea, to the north by Russia, to the southwest by Turkey, to the south by Armenia, and to the southeast by Azerbaijan. The capital of...
. A model of the station was exhibited at the 1938 World's Fair
World's Fair
World's fair, World fair, Universal Exposition, and World Expo are various large public exhibitions held in different parts of the world. The first Expo was held in The Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London, United Kingdom, in 1851, under the title "Great Exhibition of the Works of Industry of All...
in Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, where it was awarded a Grand Prix.
Entrance
Nikolai Ladovsky
Nikolai Alexandrovich Ladovsky was a Russian avant-garde architect and educator, leader of the rationalist movement in 1920s architecture, an approach emphasizing human perception of space and shape...
which stands on the south side of the Garden Ring
Garden Ring
The Garden Ring, also known as the "B" Ring , is a circular avenue around the central Moscow, its course corresponding to what used to be the city ramparts surrounding Zemlyanoy Gorod in the 17th century....
. A second vestibule, built into the ground floor of the Red Gate Square
Seven Sisters (Moscow)
The "Seven Sisters" is the English name given to a group of Moscow skyscrapers designed in the Stalinist style. Muscovites call them Vysotki or Stalinskie Vysotki , " high-rises"...
skyscraper
Skyscraper
A skyscraper is a tall, continuously habitable building of many stories, often designed for office and commercial use. There is no official definition or height above which a building may be classified as a skyscraper...
(architect Alexey Dushkin
Alexey Dushkin
Alexey Nikolayevich Dushkin was a Soviet architect, best known for his 1930s designs of Kropotkinskaya and Mayakovskaya stations of Moscow Metro...
), was completed in 1953.