Kyoko Hayashi
Encyclopedia
is a Japanese author.
Hayashi was born in Nagasaki and spent the years from 1931-1945 with her family in Shanghai
. She returned to Nagasaki in March 1945 and enrolled in Nagasaki Girls' High School, where she was mobilized in the Mitsubishi
Munitions Factory. She was working at the factory when the atomic bomb blast
destroyed Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. Hayashi was seriously ill for two months, and suffered afterwards from fragile health. She later studied nursing in a special course the Welfare Faculty for Women attached to Nagasaki Medical School, but left before graduation. She started to write in 1962.
In 1967 her story "Procession on a Cloudy Day" (Kumoribi no kōshin) was published in Bungei Shuto. She first drew wide attention in 1975 with an autobiographical story about the bombing, "Ritual of Death" (Matsuri no ba), which received that year's Akutagawa Prize
. "Two Grave Markers" (Futari No Bohyō), also based on her experiences in the bombing, was published that same year. Her works in the 1970s also include a collection of twelve short stories titled Gyaman bi-doro (Cut glass, blown glass), containing "The Empty Can" (Aki kan) and "Yellow Sand" (Kousa), both first published in 1978.
In 1980, Hayashi published her first full-length novel, Naki ga gotoki (As if nothing had happened), with a semi-autobiographical lead character. The Nagasaki theme continued through the 1980s with her collections Sangai no ie (Home in the three worlds), which won the Kawabata Prize, and Michi (The Path). Her work Yasurakani ima wa nemuri tamae won the 1990 Tanizaki Prize
.
Hayashi lived near Washington, D.C.
, from 1985 to 1988.
Hayashi was born in Nagasaki and spent the years from 1931-1945 with her family in Shanghai
Shanghai
Shanghai is the largest city by population in China and the largest city proper in the world. It is one of the four province-level municipalities in the People's Republic of China, with a total population of over 23 million as of 2010...
. She returned to Nagasaki in March 1945 and enrolled in Nagasaki Girls' High School, where she was mobilized in the Mitsubishi
Mitsubishi
The Mitsubishi Group , Mitsubishi Group of Companies, or Mitsubishi Companies is a Japanese multinational conglomerate company that consists of a range of autonomous businesses which share the Mitsubishi brand, trademark and legacy...
Munitions Factory. She was working at the factory when the atomic bomb blast
Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
During the final stages of World War II in 1945, the United States conducted two atomic bombings against the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan, the first on August 6, 1945, and the second on August 9, 1945. These two events are the only use of nuclear weapons in war to date.For six months...
destroyed Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. Hayashi was seriously ill for two months, and suffered afterwards from fragile health. She later studied nursing in a special course the Welfare Faculty for Women attached to Nagasaki Medical School, but left before graduation. She started to write in 1962.
In 1967 her story "Procession on a Cloudy Day" (Kumoribi no kōshin) was published in Bungei Shuto. She first drew wide attention in 1975 with an autobiographical story about the bombing, "Ritual of Death" (Matsuri no ba), which received that year's Akutagawa Prize
Akutagawa Prize
The is a Japanese literary award presented semi-annually. It was established in 1935 by Kan Kikuchi, then-editor of Bungeishunjū magazine, in memory of author Ryūnosuke Akutagawa...
. "Two Grave Markers" (Futari No Bohyō), also based on her experiences in the bombing, was published that same year. Her works in the 1970s also include a collection of twelve short stories titled Gyaman bi-doro (Cut glass, blown glass), containing "The Empty Can" (Aki kan) and "Yellow Sand" (Kousa), both first published in 1978.
In 1980, Hayashi published her first full-length novel, Naki ga gotoki (As if nothing had happened), with a semi-autobiographical lead character. The Nagasaki theme continued through the 1980s with her collections Sangai no ie (Home in the three worlds), which won the Kawabata Prize, and Michi (The Path). Her work Yasurakani ima wa nemuri tamae won the 1990 Tanizaki Prize
Tanizaki Prize
The Tanizaki Prize , named in honor of the Japanese novelist Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, is one of Japan's most sought-after literary awards. It was established in 1965 by the publishing company Chūō Kōronsha Inc. to commemorate its 80th anniversary as a publisher...
.
Hayashi lived near Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C.
Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States. On July 16, 1790, the United States Congress approved the creation of a permanent national capital as permitted by the U.S. Constitution....
, from 1985 to 1988.
Prizes
- 1975 Akutagawa PrizeAkutagawa PrizeThe is a Japanese literary award presented semi-annually. It was established in 1935 by Kan Kikuchi, then-editor of Bungeishunjū magazine, in memory of author Ryūnosuke Akutagawa...
for "Ritual of Death" (Matsuri no ba) - 1983 Kawabata Prize for Sangai no ie (Home in the three worlds)
- 1990 Tanizaki PrizeTanizaki PrizeThe Tanizaki Prize , named in honor of the Japanese novelist Jun'ichirō Tanizaki, is one of Japan's most sought-after literary awards. It was established in 1965 by the publishing company Chūō Kōronsha Inc. to commemorate its 80th anniversary as a publisher...
for Yasurakani ima wa nemuri tamae (やすらかに今はねむり給え) - 2000 Noma Literary PrizeNoma Literary PrizeThe Noma Literary Prize was established in 1941 by the Noma Service Association in accordance with the last wishes of Noma Seiji , founder and first president of the Kōdansha publishing company. The Noma Literary Prize has been awarded annually to an outstanding new work published in Japan...
for Nagai zikan wo kaketa ningen no keiken - 2005 Asahi PrizeAsahi PrizeThe Asahi Prize is a prize awarded by the Japanese newspaper the Asahi shimbun for achievement in scholarship or the arts that has made a contribution to culture or society. It was established in 1929. Many recipients of this prize have later been honoured with a Nobel Prize...
for 林京子全集
Selected works in English translation
- "The Empty Can", trans. Margaret Mitsutani, in Atomic Aftermath: Short Stories about Hiroshima and Nagasaki, ed. Kenzaburo Oe. Tokyo: Shueisha, 1984; Fire from the Ashes: Japanese Stories about Hiroshima and Nagasaki, London: Readers International, 1985; The Crazy Iris and Other Stories of the Atomic Aftermath, New York: Grove Press, 1985. pp. 127–143.
- "Ritual of Death", trans. Kyoko Selden, Japan Interpreter 12 Winter（1978）, pp. 54–93. Anthologized in Nuke Rebuke: Writers and Artists against Nuclear Energy and Weapons, ed. Marty Sklar, Iowa City: The Spirit That Moves Us Press, 1984. pp. 21–57.
- "Two Grave Markers", trans. Kyoko Selden, The Bulletin of Concerned Asian Scholars 18.1 January-March (1986): pp. 23–35. Anthologized in The Atomic Bomb Voices from Hiroshima and Nagasaki, eds. Kyoko and Mark Selden, An East Gate Book, New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1989. pp. 24–54.
- "Yellow Sand", trans. Kyoko Selden, in Japanese Women Writers: Twentieth Century Short Fiction, 1991. pp. 207–216.
- "From Trinity to Trinity", trans. Eiko Otake. Station Hill, NY: Station Hill Press, 2010.
Selected works
- Matsuri no ha (Ritual of death), Tokyo: Kodansha, 1975.
- Shanhai, Tōkyō : Chūō Kōronsha, 1983.
- Sangai no ie (三界 の 家), Tōkyō : Shinchōsha, 1984.
- Michi (道), Tōkyō : Bungei Shunju, 1985.
- Tanima (谷間), Tōkyō : Kōdansha, 1988.
- Rinbu (輪舞), Tōkyō : Shinchōsha, 1989.
- Yasuraka ni ima wa nemuritamae (やすらか に 今 は ねむり給え), Tōkyō : Kōdansha, 1990.
- Seishun (青春), Tōkyō : Shinchōsha, 1994.
- Bājinia no aoi sora (ヴァージニア の 蒼い 空), Tōkyō : Nihon Tosho Sentā, 2005.
- Matsuri no ba. Gyaman bīdoro (祭り の 場. ギヤマン ビードロ), Tōkyō : Nihon Tosho Sentā, 2005.
- Missheru no kuchibeni (ミッシェル の 口紅. 上海), Tōkyō : Nihon Tosho Sentā, 2005.
- Nagai jikan o kaketa ningen no keiken (長い 時間 を かけた 人間 の 経験), Tōkyō : Nihon Tosho Sentā, 2005.
- Rinbu. Kashi no ki no tēburu (輪舞. 樫 の 木 の テーブル), Tōkyō : Nihon Tosho Sentā, 2005.
- Sangai no ie. Michi (三界 の 家. 道), Tōkyō : Nihon Tosho Sentā, 2005.
- Shizen o kou. Shunkan no kioku (自然 を 恋う. 瞬間 の 記憶), Tōkyō : Nihon Tosho Sentā, 2005.
- Yasuraka ni ima wa nemuritamae. Seishun (やすらか に 今 は ねむり給え. 青春), Tōkyō : Nihon Tosho Sentā, 2005.