LSD1
Encyclopedia
LSD1 is a gene which codes a flavin-dependent monoamine oxidase, which can demethylate mono- and di-methylated lysine
s, specifically histone
3, lysines 4 and 9 (H3K4 and H3K9).
LSD1 is the first of several protein lysine demethylases discovered. Through a FAD-dependent oxidative reaction, LSD1 speficially removes histone H3K4me2 to H3K4me1 or H3K4me0. When forming a complex with androgen receptor (and possibly other nuclear hormone receptors), LSD1 changes its substrates to H3K9me2. It's now known LSD1 complex mediates a coordinated histone modification switch through enzymatic activities as well as histone modification readers in the complex.
Lysine
Lysine is an α-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCH4NH2. It is an essential amino acid, which means that the human body cannot synthesize it. Its codons are AAA and AAG....
s, specifically histone
Histone
In biology, histones are highly alkaline proteins found in eukaryotic cell nuclei that package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes. They are the chief protein components of chromatin, acting as spools around which DNA winds, and play a role in gene regulation...
3, lysines 4 and 9 (H3K4 and H3K9).
See also
- Histone methylationHistone methylationHistone methylation is the modification of certain amino acids in a histone protein by the addition of one, two, or three methyl groups. In the cell nucleus, DNA is wound around histones...
LSD1 is the first of several protein lysine demethylases discovered. Through a FAD-dependent oxidative reaction, LSD1 speficially removes histone H3K4me2 to H3K4me1 or H3K4me0. When forming a complex with androgen receptor (and possibly other nuclear hormone receptors), LSD1 changes its substrates to H3K9me2. It's now known LSD1 complex mediates a coordinated histone modification switch through enzymatic activities as well as histone modification readers in the complex.