Laufen (district)
Encyclopedia
Laufen District or Laufental District is one of the five districts
of the largely German
-speaking canton of Basel-Country
, Switzerland
. Its capital is the town of Laufen
.
Prior to 1994 it was a district of the canton of Bern, one of the seven historical districts of the Bernese Jura
. In 1979, three neighbouring French-speaking districts of Bern seceded to form the new canton of Jura
. Laufen was left as an exclave of Bern, wedged between Jura, Solothurn
, Basel-Country, and France
. In 1980 the populace voted to secede from Bern and join Basel-Country. After a transitional period of preparation, this was effected in 1994.
It has a population of (as of ).
Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 1.2% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 4.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.2%. Out of the forested land, 49.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 17.1% is used for growing crops and 14.9% is pastures, while 1.6% is used for orchards or vine crops and 2.6% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
:
! align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Area, km²
|-
| Blauen
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 7.13
|-
| Brislach
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 9.39
|-
| Burg im Leimental
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 2.83
|-
| Dittingen
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 6.75
|-
| Duggingen
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 5.86
|-
| Grellingen
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 3.31
|-
| Laufen
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 11.37
|-
| Liesberg
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 12.49
|-
| Nenzlingen
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 3.66
|-
| Roggenburg
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 6.65
|-
| Röschenz
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 10.07
|-
| Wahlen
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 5.42
|-
| Zwingen
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 4.62
|- style="background-color:#EFEFEF;"
| align="left" | Total|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 89.55
|}
Districts of Switzerland
In contrast to centrally organised states, in the federally constituted Switzerland each canton iscompletely free to decide its own internal organisation. Therefore there exists a variety of structures and terminology for the subnational entities between canton and municipality, loosely termed...
of the largely German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
-speaking canton of Basel-Country
Basel-Country
Basel-Landschaft , is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland. The capital is Liestal...
, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
. Its capital is the town of Laufen
Laufen, Basel-Country
Laufen is a municipality and the capital of the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.Laufen is a principal train station for the surrounding area, connecting it to Basel.-History:...
.
Prior to 1994 it was a district of the canton of Bern, one of the seven historical districts of the Bernese Jura
Bernese Jura
Bernese Jura is the name for the French-speaking area of the Swiss canton of Bern, and from 2010 one of five administrative divisions of the canton....
. In 1979, three neighbouring French-speaking districts of Bern seceded to form the new canton of Jura
Canton of Jura
The Republic and Canton of the Jura , also known as the Canton of Jura or Canton Jura, is one of the cantons of Switzerland. It is the newest of the 26 Swiss cantons, located in the northwestern part of Switzerland. The capital is Delémont...
. Laufen was left as an exclave of Bern, wedged between Jura, Solothurn
Canton of Solothurn
Solothurn is a canton of Switzerland. It is located in the northwest of Switzerland. The capital is Solothurn.-History:The territory of the canton comprises land acquired by the capital...
, Basel-Country, and France
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...
. In 1980 the populace voted to secede from Bern and join Basel-Country. After a transitional period of preparation, this was effected in 1994.
It has a population of (as of ).
Geography
Laufen district has an area, , of 89.56 square kilometres (34.6 sq mi). Of this area, 32.47 km² (12.5 sq mi) or 36.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while 46.75 km² (18.1 sq mi) or 52.2% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 9.43 km² (3.6 sq mi) or 10.5% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.62 km² (0.239383338327372 sq mi) or 0.7% is either rivers or lakes and 0.25 km² (0.0965255396481338 sq mi) or 0.3% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, industrial buildings made up 1.2% of the total area while housing and buildings made up 4.9% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.2%. Out of the forested land, 49.8% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.4% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 17.1% is used for growing crops and 14.9% is pastures, while 1.6% is used for orchards or vine crops and 2.6% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water.
Municipalities
Laufen contains a total of thirteen municipalitiesMunicipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
:
! align="center" bgcolor="#EFEFEF" | Area, km²
|-
| Blauen
Blauen, Basel-Country
Blauen is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.-Geography:Blauen has an area, , of . Of this area, or 33.9% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 60.2% is forested...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 7.13
|-
| Brislach
Brislach
Brislach is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.-Geography:Brislach has an area, , of . Of this area, or 52.8% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 37.8% is forested...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 9.39
|-
| Burg im Leimental
Burg im Leimental
Burg im Leimental is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland-History:Burg im Leimental is first mentioned in 1168 as Biedertan though this was referring to Alt-Biederthal Castle...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 2.83
|-
| Dittingen
Dittingen
Dittingen is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.-Geography:Dittingen has an area, , of . Of this area, or 29.5% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 62.2% is forested...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 6.75
|-
| Duggingen
Duggingen
Duggingen is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.-Geography:Duggingen has an area, , of . Of this area, or 29.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 57.4% is forested...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 5.86
|-
| Grellingen
Grellingen
Grellingen is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.-Geography:Grellingen has an area, , of . Of this area, or 20.8% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 57.1% is forested...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 3.31
|-
| Laufen
Laufen, Basel-Country
Laufen is a municipality and the capital of the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.Laufen is a principal train station for the surrounding area, connecting it to Basel.-History:...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 11.37
|-
| Liesberg
Liesberg
Liesberg is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.-Geography:Liesberg has an area, , of . Of this area, or 36.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 53.3% is forested...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 12.49
|-
| Nenzlingen
Nenzlingen
Nenzlingen is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.-Geography:Nenzlingen has an area, , of . Of this area, or 41.8% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 49.2% is forested...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 3.66
|-
| Roggenburg
Roggenburg, Basel-Country
Roggenburg is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.- History :Both Roman coins and the remains of a Roman watchtower have been discovered within the municipality. Roggenburg is first mentioned in 1162 as Rogenberc. The name originates from the Latin...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 6.65
|-
| Röschenz
Röschenz
Röschenz is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.-History:Röschenz is first mentioned in 1290 as de Roetschentzo. Until 1723 it was known as Reuschansse.-Geography:...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 10.07
|-
| Wahlen
Wahlen
Wahlen is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.-Geography:Wahlen has an area, , of . Of this area, or 55.4% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 33.6% is forested...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 5.42
|-
| Zwingen
Zwingen
Zwingen is a municipality in the district of Laufen in the canton of Basel-Country in Switzerland.-Geography:Zwingen has an area, , of . Of this area, or 33.3% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 38.1% is forested...
|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 4.62
|- style="background-color:#EFEFEF;"
| align="left" | Total|| align="center" |
| align="right" | 89.55
|}
Demographics
Laufen district has a population of . , 14.9% of the population are resident foreign nationals.Most of the population speaks German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
(15,363 or 89.4%), with Italian language
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
being second most common (513 or 3.0%) and Albanian
Albanian language
Albanian is an Indo-European language spoken by approximately 7.6 million people, primarily in Albania and Kosovo but also in other areas of the Balkans in which there is an Albanian population, including western Macedonia, southern Montenegro, southern Serbia and northwestern Greece...
being third (261 or 1.5%). There are 235 people who speak French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
and 10 people who speak Romansh.
, the gender distribution of the population was 50.4% male and 49.6% female. The population was made up of 15,891 Swiss citizens (83.9% of the population), and 3,044 non-Swiss residents (16.1%) Of the population in the municipality 5,928 or about 34.5% were born in the Laufen district and lived there in 2000. There were 3,214 or 18.7% who were born in the same canton, while 4,923 or 28.7% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 2,544 or 14.8% were born outside of Switzerland.
In there were 142 live births to Swiss citizens and 27 births to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 127 deaths of Swiss citizens and 6 non-Swiss citizen deaths. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 15 while the foreign population increased by 21. There were 15 Swiss men and 10 Swiss women who emigrated from Switzerland. At the same time, there were 58 non-Swiss men and 48 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 67 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 77 people. This represents a population growth rate of 0.8%.
The age distribution, , in the Laufen district is; 1,227 children or 6.5% of the population are between 0 and 6 years old and 2,882 teenagers or 15.2% are between 7 and 19. Of the adult population, 2,196 people or 11.6% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 2,457 people or 13.0% are between 30 and 39, 3,467 people or 18.3% are between 40 and 49, and 3,838 people or 20.3% are between 50 and 64. The senior population distribution is 2,147 people or 11.3% of the population are between 65 and 79 years old and there are 721 people or 3.8% who are over 80.
, there were 7,062 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 8,472 married individuals, 912 widows or widowers and 736 individuals who are divorced.
There were 1,932 households that consist of only one person and 497 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 7,107 households that answered this question, 27.2% were households made up of just one person and 74 were adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 2,161 married couples without children, 2,343 married couples with children There were 370 single parents with a child or children. There were 115 households that were made up unrelated people and 112 households that were made some sort of institution or another collective housing.
the average price to rent a two room apartment was about 829.00 CHF (US$660, £370, €530), a three room apartment was about 1007.00 CHF (US$810, £450, €640) and a four room apartment cost an average of 1267.00 CHF (US$1010, £570, €810).
The historical population is given in the following chart:
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 29.42% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
(22.66%), the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(20.09%) and the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(15.9%). In the federal election, a total of 6,170 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 48.2%.
Religion
From the , 10,857 or 63.2% were Roman Catholic, while 2,629 or 15.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 140 members of an Orthodox church
Orthodox Christianity
The term Orthodox Christianity may refer to:* the Eastern Orthodox Church and its various geographical subdivisions...
(or about 0.81% of the population), there were 138 individuals (or about 0.80% of the population) who belonged to the Christian Catholic Church
Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland
The Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland is the Swiss member church of the Union of Utrecht, also known as Old Catholic Church, originally founded by the jansenists, with a later influx of discontented Catholics following their disappointment with the First Vatican Council. It has 14,000...
, and there were 308 individuals (or about 1.79% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There were 10 individuals (or about 0.06% of the population) who were Jewish
Judaism
Judaism ) is the "religion, philosophy, and way of life" of the Jewish people...
, and 660 (or about 3.84% of the population) who were Islam
Islam
Islam . The most common are and . : Arabic pronunciation varies regionally. The first vowel ranges from ~~. The second vowel ranges from ~~~...
ic. There were 32 individuals who were Buddhist
Buddhism
Buddhism is a religion and philosophy encompassing a variety of traditions, beliefs and practices, largely based on teachings attributed to Siddhartha Gautama, commonly known as the Buddha . The Buddha lived and taught in the northeastern Indian subcontinent some time between the 6th and 4th...
, 94 individuals who were Hindu
Hinduism
Hinduism is the predominant and indigenous religious tradition of the Indian Subcontinent. Hinduism is known to its followers as , amongst many other expressions...
and 16 individuals who belonged to another church. 1,769 (or about 10.30% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....
or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...
, and 529 individuals (or about 3.08% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In the Laufen district about 6,544 or (38.1%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 1,705 or (9.9%) have completed additional higher education (either University or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the 1,705 who completed tertiary schooling, 66.5% were Swiss men, 22.6% were Swiss women, 7.0% were non-Swiss men and 3.9% were non-Swiss women.