Law of Poland
Encyclopedia
The Polish law, or legal system in Poland
. has been developing since the first centuries of Polish history, over 1,000 years ago. The public
and private
laws of Poland are codified. The supreme law in Poland is the Constitution of Poland
. Poland is a civil law
legal jurisdiction and has a civil code
, the Civil Code of Poland.
Polish public and private laws are divided into various areas, including, for example:
New Polish law is published in Dziennik Ustaw
and Monitor Polski
(see promulgation
).
Law in Poland is administered by the judiciary of Poland
and enforced by the law enforcement in Poland
.
Poland
Poland , officially the Republic of Poland , is a country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine, Belarus and Lithuania to the east; and the Baltic Sea and Kaliningrad Oblast, a Russian exclave, to the north...
. has been developing since the first centuries of Polish history, over 1,000 years ago. The public
Public law
Public law is a theory of law governing the relationship between individuals and the state. Under this theory, constitutional law, administrative law and criminal law are sub-divisions of public law...
and private
Private law
Private law is that part of a civil law legal system which is part of the jus commune that involves relationships between individuals, such as the law of contracts or torts, as it is called in the common law, and the law of obligations as it is called in civilian legal systems...
laws of Poland are codified. The supreme law in Poland is the Constitution of Poland
Constitution of Poland
The current Constitution of Poland was adopted on 2 April 1997. Formally known as the Constitution of the Republic of Poland , it replaced the temporary amendments put into place in 1992 designed to reverse the effects of Communism, establishing the nation as "a democratic state ruled by law and...
. Poland is a civil law
Civil law (legal system)
Civil law is a legal system inspired by Roman law and whose primary feature is that laws are codified into collections, as compared to common law systems that gives great precedential weight to common law on the principle that it is unfair to treat similar facts differently on different...
legal jurisdiction and has a civil code
Civil code
A civil code is a systematic collection of laws designed to comprehensively deal with the core areas of private law. A jurisdiction that has a civil code generally also has a code of civil procedure...
, the Civil Code of Poland.
Polish public and private laws are divided into various areas, including, for example:
- civil lawCivil law (legal system)Civil law is a legal system inspired by Roman law and whose primary feature is that laws are codified into collections, as compared to common law systems that gives great precedential weight to common law on the principle that it is unfair to treat similar facts differently on different...
(prawo cywilne), much of which is contained in the Polish Civil Code - commercial lawCommercial lawCommercial law is the body of law that governs business and commercial transactions...
, (prawo handlowe) notably the Polish Code of Commercial Partnerships and Companies - copyright law, (prawo autorskie), see copyright law in Poland for details
- administrative lawAdministrative lawAdministrative law is the body of law that governs the activities of administrative agencies of government. Government agency action can include rulemaking, adjudication, or the enforcement of a specific regulatory agenda. Administrative law is considered a branch of public law...
(prawo administracyjne) - constitutional lawConstitutional lawConstitutional law is the body of law which defines the relationship of different entities within a state, namely, the executive, the legislature and the judiciary....
(prawo konstytucyjne) - private international law (prawo prywatne międzynarodowe)
- tax lawTax lawTax law is the codified system of laws that describes government levies on economic transactions, commonly called taxes.-Major issues:Primary taxation issues facing the governments world over include;* taxes on income and wealth...
s (prawo podatkowe) - criminal lawCriminal lawCriminal law, is the body of law that relates to crime. It might be defined as the body of rules that defines conduct that is not allowed because it is held to threaten, harm or endanger the safety and welfare of people, and that sets out the punishment to be imposed on people who do not obey...
(prawo karne) - family lawFamily lawFamily law is an area of the law that deals with family-related issues and domestic relations including:*the nature of marriage, civil unions, and domestic partnerships;...
(prawo rodzinne) - labour lawLabour lawLabour law is the body of laws, administrative rulings, and precedents which address the legal rights of, and restrictions on, working people and their organizations. As such, it mediates many aspects of the relationship between trade unions, employers and employees...
(prawo pracy) - water lawWater lawWater law is the field of law dealing with the ownership, control, and use of water as a resource. It is most closely related to property law, but has also become influenced by environmental law...
(prawo wodne) - media law (prawo prasowe)
New Polish law is published in Dziennik Ustaw
Dziennik Ustaw
Dziennik Ustaw or Dziennik Ustaw Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej is the most important Polish publication of legal acts. It is the only official source of law for promulgation of Polish laws. The publication of this journal is solely the responsibility of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland...
and Monitor Polski
Monitor Polski
Monitor Polski is a publication of the Prime Minister of the Republic of Poland. It publishes legal acts in Polish law that are not a source of new laws, and various public decisions that are required to be made public...
(see promulgation
Promulgation
Promulgation is the act of formally proclaiming or declaring a new statutory or administrative law after its enactment. In some jurisdictions this additional step is necessary before the law can take effect....
).
Law in Poland is administered by the judiciary of Poland
Judiciary of Poland
Judiciary of Poland is a responsibility, as defined by the constitution of Poland, of a four-tier court system: the Supreme Court of Poland, the common courts, administrative courts and military courts...
and enforced by the law enforcement in Poland
Law enforcement in Poland
Law enforcement in Poland consists of the police force, independent judiciary, prosecutors , and smaller, specialized formations.-Pre 20th Century:...
.
External links
- - Principles of Polish company law
- - Principles of Polish contract law
- - Principles of Polish insurance law
- - Principles of Polish public procurement law
See also
- Lawyers in PolandLawyers in PolandIn Poland any person holding a Magister's degree in law is called "jurist" or "lawyer" . The licensed legal professions are as follows:* judge ;...
- Legal systems of the worldLegal systems of the worldThe legal systems of the world today are generally based on one of three basic systems: civil law, common law, and religious law – or combinations of these...
- List of law faculties in Poland