Le Parnasse contemporain
Encyclopedia
Le Parnasse contemporain ("The Contemporary Parnassus
", e.g., the contemporary poetry scene) is composed of three volumes of poetry collections, published in 1866, 1871 and 1876 by the editor Alphonse Lemerre
, which included a hundred French poets, such as Leconte de Lisle, Théodore de Banville
, Heredia
, Gautier
, Catulle Mendès
, Baudelaire
, Sully Prudhomme
, Mallarmé
, François Coppée
, Charles Cros
, Léon Dierx
, Louis Ménard, Verlaine
, Villiers de L'Isle-Adam and Anatole France
.
The mid/late 19th century French literary movement Parnassianism took its name from the poetry collection.
The first volume contained les Épaves and Nouvelles Fleurs du mal by Baudelaire, and early Mallarmé
and Verlaine
, avante-garde poets of the time. No poem by Arthur Rimbaud
was included in any of the three volumes. Rimbaud is known to have read the first collection at a time when he was developing his poetry (sometime between 1866 and 1870). In a letter dated May 15, 1871 Rimbaud mentions by name dozens of poets who were included, referring to some of them as "idiots", "imbeciles", "schoolboys" et cetera. In that letter Rimbaud praises Charles Baudelaire, Theophile Gautier, Theodore de Banville, Leconte de Lisle, Albert Merat, and Paul Verlaine. He does not mention Mallarmé, who had 11 poems published in the 1866 collection.
Mount Parnassus
Mount Parnassus, also Parnassos , is a mountain of limestone in central Greece that towers above Delphi, north of the Gulf of Corinth, and offers scenic views of the surrounding olive groves and countryside. According to Greek mythology, this mountain was sacred to Apollo and the Corycian nymphs,...
", e.g., the contemporary poetry scene) is composed of three volumes of poetry collections, published in 1866, 1871 and 1876 by the editor Alphonse Lemerre
Alphonse Lemerre
Alphonse Lemerre was a 19th-century French editor and publisher, known especially for having been the first to publish many of the Parnassian poets.-Life:...
, which included a hundred French poets, such as Leconte de Lisle, Théodore de Banville
Théodore de Banville
Théodore Faullain de Banville was a French poet and writer.-Biography:Banville was born in Moulins in Allier, Auvergne, the son of a captain in the French navy. His boyhood, by his own account, was cheerlessly passed at a lycée in Paris; he was not harshly treated, but took no part in the...
, Heredia
José María de Heredia
José-Maria de Heredia was a Cuban-born French poet. He was the fifteenth member elected for seat 4 of the Académie française during 1894.-Early years:...
, Gautier
Théophile Gautier
Pierre Jules Théophile Gautier was a French poet, dramatist, novelist, journalist, art critic and literary critic....
, Catulle Mendès
Catulle Mendès
Catulle Mendès was a French poet and man of letters.Of Portuguese Jewish extraction, he was born in Bordeaux. He early established himself in Paris and promptly attained notoriety by the publication in the Revue fantaisiste of his Roman d'une nuit, for which he was condemned to a month's...
, Baudelaire
Charles Baudelaire
Charles Baudelaire was a French poet who produced notable work as an essayist, art critic, and pioneering translator of Edgar Allan Poe. His most famous work, Les Fleurs du mal expresses the changing nature of beauty in modern, industrializing Paris during the nineteenth century...
, Sully Prudhomme
Sully Prudhomme
René François Armand Prudhomme was a French poet and essayist, winner of the first Nobel Prize in Literature, in 1901....
, Mallarmé
Stéphane Mallarmé
Stéphane Mallarmé , whose real name was Étienne Mallarmé, was a French poet and critic. He was a major French symbolist poet, and his work anticipated and inspired several revolutionary artistic schools of the early 20th century, such as Dadaism, Surrealism, and Futurism.-Biography:Stéphane...
, François Coppée
François Coppée
François Edouard Joachim Coppée was a French poet and novelist.-Biography:He was born in Paris to a civil servant. After attending the Lycée Saint-Louis he became a clerk in the ministry of war, and won public favour as a poet of the Parnassian school. His first printed verses date from 1864...
, Charles Cros
Charles Cros
Charles Cros was a French poet and inventor. He was born in Fabrezan, Aude, France, 35 km to the East of Carcassonne....
, Léon Dierx
Leon Dierx
Léon Dierx was a French poet born in the island of La Réunion in 1838. He came to Paris to study at the Central School of Arts and Manufactures and subsequently settled there, taking up a post in the education office. He became a disciple of Leconte de Lisle and one of the most distinguished of...
, Louis Ménard, Verlaine
Paul Verlaine
Paul-Marie Verlaine was a French poet associated with the Symbolist movement. He is considered one of the greatest representatives of the fin de siècle in international and French poetry.-Early life:...
, Villiers de L'Isle-Adam and Anatole France
Anatole France
Anatole France , born François-Anatole Thibault, , was a French poet, journalist, and novelist. He was born in Paris, and died in Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire. He was a successful novelist, with several best-sellers. Ironic and skeptical, he was considered in his day the ideal French man of letters...
.
The mid/late 19th century French literary movement Parnassianism took its name from the poetry collection.
The first volume contained les Épaves and Nouvelles Fleurs du mal by Baudelaire, and early Mallarmé
Mallarmé
Mallarmé can refer to:* Stéphane Mallarmé , French poet and critic.* François-René-Auguste Mallarmé , politician during the French Revolution....
and Verlaine
Verlaine
Verlaine is a municipality of Belgium. It lies in the country's Walloon Region and Province of Liege. On January 1, 2006 Verlaine had a total population of 3,507. The total area is 24.21 km² which gives a population density of 145 inhabitants per km². The municipality contains the villages...
, avante-garde poets of the time. No poem by Arthur Rimbaud
Arthur Rimbaud
Jean Nicolas Arthur Rimbaud was a French poet. Born in Charleville, Ardennes, he produced his best known works while still in his late teens—Victor Hugo described him at the time as "an infant Shakespeare"—and he gave up creative writing altogether before the age of 21. As part of the decadent...
was included in any of the three volumes. Rimbaud is known to have read the first collection at a time when he was developing his poetry (sometime between 1866 and 1870). In a letter dated May 15, 1871 Rimbaud mentions by name dozens of poets who were included, referring to some of them as "idiots", "imbeciles", "schoolboys" et cetera. In that letter Rimbaud praises Charles Baudelaire, Theophile Gautier, Theodore de Banville, Leconte de Lisle, Albert Merat, and Paul Verlaine. He does not mention Mallarmé, who had 11 poems published in the 1866 collection.
Information on each collection
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List of 99 poets
The following table lists (in alphabetical order) 99 poets who contributed to La Parnasse contemporain. Indicated for each poet is the number of poems that appeared in the three collections (1866, 1871, 1876):
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Émile Deschamps Émile de Saint-Amand Deschamps was a French poet. He was born at Bourges. Deschamps was one of the chiefs of the Romantic school. To further the cause of romanticism he founded with Victor Hugo La Muse Française , a journal to which he contributed verses and stories signed "Le Jeune Moraliste." ... (8-3-0) Leon Dierx Léon Dierx was a French poet born in the island of La Réunion in 1838. He came to Paris to study at the Central School of Arts and Manufactures and subsequently settled there, taking up a post in the education office. He became a disciple of Leconte de Lisle and one of the most distinguished of... (7-5-8) Emmanuel des Essarts Emmanuel-Adolphe Langlois des Essarts was a French poet and man of letters, born at Paris on the 5th of February 1839. His father, Alfred Stanislas Langlois des Essarts , was a poet and novelist of considerable reputation. The son was educated at the École Normale Supérieure, and became a teacher... (4-1-2) Anatole France Anatole France , born François-Anatole Thibault, , was a French poet, journalist, and novelist. He was born in Paris, and died in Saint-Cyr-sur-Loire. He was a successful novelist, with several best-sellers. Ironic and skeptical, he was considered in his day the ideal French man of letters... (0-2-1) Théophile Gautier Pierre Jules Théophile Gautier was a French poet, dramatist, novelist, journalist, art critic and literary critic.... (6-4-0) Charles Grandmougin Charles-Jean Grandmougin was a French poet and playwright. He lived in Paris. Two of his poems appeared in the third and final volume of Le Parnasse contemporain . His poetry has been set as songs by composers including Fauré, Chaminade, Pierné and Bizet... (0-0-2)
Arsène Houssaye Arsène Houssaye , French novelist, poet and man of letters, was born at Bruyères , near Laon. His real surname was Housset.... (11-0-0) Victor de Laprade Pierre Martin Victor Richard de Laprade , known as Victor de Laprade, was a French poet and critic.-Biography:... (0-1-2) |
Eugène Lefébure Eugène Lefébure was a French Egyptologist born at Prunoy.Working with the French Archaeological Mission in the Valley of the Kings, he worked in the tomb of Ramesses IV . He also documented the tomb of Seti I and drew up plans for KV26, KV27, KV28, KV29, KV37, KV40, and KV59 and also WV24 and WV25... (6-1-0) Stéphane Mallarmé Stéphane Mallarmé , whose real name was Étienne Mallarmé, was a French poet and critic. He was a major French symbolist poet, and his work anticipated and inspired several revolutionary artistic schools of the early 20th century, such as Dadaism, Surrealism, and Futurism.-Biography:Stéphane... (11-1-0) Eugène Manuel Eugène Manuel , French poet and man of letters, was born in Paris, the son of a Jewish doctor.He was educated at the Ecole Normale, and taught rhetoric for some years in provincial schools and then in Paris. In 1870 he entered the department of public instruction, and in 1878 became inspector-general... (0-4-4) Catulle Mendès Catulle Mendès was a French poet and man of letters.Of Portuguese Jewish extraction, he was born in Bordeaux. He early established himself in Paris and promptly attained notoriety by the publication in the Revue fantaisiste of his Roman d'une nuit, for which he was condemned to a month's... (5-7-1) Marc Monnier Marc Monnier was a French writer.Monnier was born at Florence. His father was French, and his mother a Genevese; he received his early education in Naples, he then studied in Paris and Geneva, and he completed his education at Heidelberg and Berlin. He became professor of comparative literature at... (0-0-4) Paul de Musset Paul Edme de Musset, born in Paris 7 November 1804, died in the same city 17 May 1880, was a French writer.Brother of Alfred de Musset, he was well known for his family, who were very famous at the time, as well as for his own writings, including biographies.In 1859, two years after the death of... (0-0-1) Louis Ratisbonne Louis Gustave Fortune Ratisbonne was a French man of letters.He was born at Strasbourg. He studied at the school of his native town and at the College Henry IV in Paris... (0-0-2) |
Louis-Xavier de Ricard Louis-Xavier de Ricard was a French poet, author and journalist of the 19th century. He was founder and editor of La Revue du progrès which was the first to publish a poem by Paul Verlaine in August 1863... (10-2-1) Maurice Rollinat Maurice Rollinat was a French poet.-Early works:His father represented Indre in the National Assembly of 1848, and was a friend of George Sand, whose influence is very marked in young Rollinat's first volume, Dans les brandes , and to whom it was dedicated.-Brief fame:After its publication, he... (0-0-1) Josephin Soulary Josephin Soulary , French poet, son of a Lyon merchant of Genoese origin .He entered a line regiment when he was sixteen, serving for five years. He was chef de bureau in the prefecture of the Rhône from 1845 to 1867, and in 1868 he became librarian to the Palais des arts in his native town... (0-2-6) Sully Prudhomme René François Armand Prudhomme was a French poet and essayist, winner of the first Nobel Prize in Literature, in 1901.... (4-5-1) André Theuriet Claude Adhémar André Theuriet French poet and novelist, was born at Marly-le-Roi , and was educated at Bar-le-Duc in his mother's province of Lorraine.... (0-2-1) Auguste Vacquerie Auguste Vacquerie was a French journalist and man of letters.-Biography:Vacquerie was born at Villequier on 19 November 1819. He was from his earliest days an admirer of Victor Hugo, with whom he was connected by the marriage of his brother Charles with Léopoldine Hugo... (3-0-0) Paul Verlaine Paul-Marie Verlaine was a French poet associated with the Symbolist movement. He is considered one of the greatest representatives of the fin de siècle in international and French poetry.-Early life:... (8-5-0) Henry Winter Henry Winter is an English sports journalist, currently football correspondent of The Daily Telegraph.The younger brother of Muslim scholar and academic Timothy Winter, Henry attended Westminster School and Edinburgh University.After graduation, he spent a year producing a magazine on sport in... (2-0-0). |