Leningrad School of Painting
Encyclopedia
Saint Petersburg Union of Artists
Union of Artists of Saint Petersburg was established on August 2, 1932, as creative union of the Leningrad artists and arts critics. Prior to 1959, was called "Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists". Since 1959 was called as Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation...
(1932–1991).
History
The history of the Leningrad school covers the period from early 1930 to early 1990s. Its appearance was the result of conflict resolution and reflect prevailing trends in the development of Soviet art and art education at the turn of 1920-1930s. It was accelerated by the adoption in April 1932 by Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of BolsheviksCentral Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union , abbreviated in Russian as ЦК, "Tse-ka", earlier was also called as the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party ...
decree "On the Restructuring of Literary and Artistic Organizations", which, inter alia, provided for the dissolution of the existing literature and arts organizations and groups and the formation of unified creative unions, as well as the adoption in October 1932 by All-Russian Central Executive Committee
All-Russian Central Executive Committee
All-Russian Central Executive Committee , was the highest legislative, administrative, and revising body of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Although the All-Russian Congress of Soviets had supreme authority, in periods between its sessions its powers were passed to VTsIK...
and the Council of People's Commissars decree "On creation of the Academy of Arts." In accordance with the Institute of proletarian art was transformed into the Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture (since 1944 named after Ilya Repin). Was thus placed upon a line under the 15-year period of the destruction of art school and a continuous transformation of the largest art institutions in the country. Since 1934, the Russian Academy of Arts and Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture headed by Isaak Brodsky
Isaak Brodsky
Isaak Izrailevich Brodsky , was a Soviet painter whose work provided a blueprint for the art movement of socialist realism. He is known for his iconic portrayals of Lenin and idealized, carefully crafted paintings dedicated to the events of the Russian Civil War and Bolshevik Revolution.Brodsky was...
. The consequence of decree of Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks
Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union , abbreviated in Russian as ЦК, "Tse-ka", earlier was also called as the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party ...
was the formation of 2 August 1932 the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists, ending on the merits of post-revolutionary period and ushered in an era of Soviet art. As the first chairman of the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists was elected Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin
Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin
Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin, was an important Russian and Soviet painter and writer.-Early years:...
.
Prominent role in the formation of the Leningrad school belongs to famous Russian artists and art educators who worked in Leningrad and in the past were pupils of the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, students Ilya Repin, Pavel Chistyakov
Pavel Chistyakov
Pavel Petrovich Chistiakov was a Russian painter and teacher of art.He studied at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts under Petr Basin. He was a pensioner of the Academy of Arts in Paris and in Rome...
, Arkhip Kuindzhi
Arkhip Kuindzhi
Arkhip Ivanovich Kuindzhi was a Russian landscape painter.Arkhip Kuindzhi was born in January 1841 in Mariupol , but he spent his youth in the city of Taganrog. He grew up in a poor family, and his father was a Greek shoemaker Ivan Khristoforovich Kuindzhi...
. Among them were Isaak Brodsky
Isaak Brodsky
Isaak Izrailevich Brodsky , was a Soviet painter whose work provided a blueprint for the art movement of socialist realism. He is known for his iconic portrayals of Lenin and idealized, carefully crafted paintings dedicated to the events of the Russian Civil War and Bolshevik Revolution.Brodsky was...
, Dmitry Kardovsky
Dmitry Kardovsky
Dmitry Kardovsky was a Russian artist, illustrator and stage designer.-Biography:He was born near Pereslavl-Zalessky in the Yaroslavl province. After studying law at Moscow University, he then studied at the Imperial Academy of Arts in St Petersburg from 1892, under Pavel Chistyakov and Ilya Repin...
, Alexander Savinov
Alexander Savinov
Alexander Ivanovich Savinov was a Russian Soviet painter and art educator, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg - Petrograd - Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the founder of the Leningrad School of painting....
, Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin
Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin
Kuzma Sergeevich Petrov-Vodkin, was an important Russian and Soviet painter and writer.-Early years:...
, Arcady Rylov, Alexander Matveyev, Alexander Osmerkin
Alexander Osmerkin
Alexander Alexandrovich Osmerkin was a Russian painter, graphic artist, stage designer, and art teacher. He was a member of the Knave of Diamonds avant-garde group, AKhRR, and Society of Moscow Artists groups...
, Semion Abugov , Eugene Lanceray
Eugene Lanceray
Yevgeny Yevgenyevich Lansere , also spelled Eugene Lanceray , was a Russian graphic artist, painter, sculptor, mosaicist, and illustrator, associated stylistically with Mir iskusstva ....
, Pavel Shillingovsky, Nikolai Radlov, Konstantin Yuon
Konstantin Yuon
Konstantin Fyodorovich Yuon or Juon was a noted Russian painter and theatre designer associated with the Mir Iskusstva. Later, he co-founded the Union of Russian Artists and the Association of Artists of Revolutionary Russia.-Biography:...
, Pavel Naumov, Boris Ioganson
Boris Ioganson
Boris Vladimirovich Ioganson was a Russian painter.Ioganson was born in Moscow. His father's Swedish ancestors russified the surname "Johanson"" into "Ioganson." Ioganson attended the Moscow School of Art and studied under Kasatkin and Malyutin. He was a member of the Society of Young Artists,...
, Alexander Lubimov
Alexander Lubimov
Alexander Mikhailovich Lubimov was a Russian Soviet realist painter, graphic artist, illustrator, and art teacher, professor of Repin Institute of Arts and Vera Mukhina Higher School of Art and Industry, who lived and worked in Leningrad...
, Rudolf Frentz
Rudolf Frentz
Rudolf Rudolfovich Frentz - Soviet, Russian painter, watercolorist, graphic artist, illustrator, and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the founder and representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his...
, Nikolai Petrov, Vasily Shukhaiev, Dmitry Kiplik, Nikolai Punin, Mikhail Bernstein, Yefim Cheptsov , Ivan Bilibin
Ivan Bilibin
Ivan Yakovlevich Bilibin was a 20th-century illustrator and stage designer who took part in the Mir iskusstva and contributed to the Ballets Russes. Throughout his career, he was inspired by Slavic folklore....
, Piotr Buchkin
Piotr Buchkin
Piotr Dmitrievich Buchkin – Soviet, Russian painter, watercolorist, graphic artist, illustrator, and art teacher, Honored Arts Worker of the RSFSR, lived and worked in Leningrad, member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, regarded as one of the founder and ...
, and others.
Creation of artists of the Leningrad school, and problems of art education in post-revolutionary Academy were subject of numerous albums, book, magazine and newspaper articles, exhibition catalogs. The term "school" has been widely used in the 1920s and 1930s by Dmitry Kardovsky
Dmitry Kardovsky
Dmitry Kardovsky was a Russian artist, illustrator and stage designer.-Biography:He was born near Pereslavl-Zalessky in the Yaroslavl province. After studying law at Moscow University, he then studied at the Imperial Academy of Arts in St Petersburg from 1892, under Pavel Chistyakov and Ilya Repin...
, Alexander Savinov
Alexander Savinov
Alexander Ivanovich Savinov was a Russian Soviet painter and art educator, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg - Petrograd - Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the founder of the Leningrad School of painting....
, Isaak Brodsky
Isaak Brodsky
Isaak Izrailevich Brodsky , was a Soviet painter whose work provided a blueprint for the art movement of socialist realism. He is known for his iconic portrayals of Lenin and idealized, carefully crafted paintings dedicated to the events of the Russian Civil War and Bolshevik Revolution.Brodsky was...
, and other reputable experts, including in direct and indirect discussions with supporters of the extreme "left" views on matters of training and education of young artists in the reformed Academy. The terms "Leningrad school" and "Moscow school" in relation to the already mature independent creativity of its artists and phenomenon in general, has been used in russian and foreign literature since the late 1980s. This is due to political and economic changes in the country, made it possible to discuss the formation of regional differences, and art schools in the fine arts of the USSR 1930-1980 period. Thus, in an article about the artist Nikolai Lapshin, published posthumously, the Leningrad art historian Boris Suris (1923–1991) wrote: «In the 1930s, worked in Soviet art masters united in our view the concept of «Leningrad school»... Just as at one time master "Mir Iskusstva" opened the graphical beauty of the great city, the master of the «Leningrad school» made his discovery of the picturesque beauty». But in the press, even in the early 1980s, art critics had to desperately maneuver. That's what writing Vladimir Gusev and Vladimir Lenyashin, colleagues Boris Suris in the Russian Museum: «Of course, it is hardly possible to formulate a strictly theoretical features that are specific only to the Leningrad art, it is clear that everything in it is inseparable of the common processes of socialist culture. This above all - Soviet art ... But with all the difficulties, or rather the impossibility to deduce the «formula» of the Leningrad art, we feel that it exists as an independent, original value.» Some researchers have nevertheless attempted to go beyond mere feelings and raised questions about the background and characteristics of the phenomenon. «The Leningrad Art School, - wrote art historian Nadezhda Leonova in 1979, - was influenced by complex and sometimes conflicting traditions, marked, however, combines the features of citizenship, humanism and high culture. She was influenced by classical architecture of the city, its literature and theater, a special poetic originality of the urban landscape. Had a strong influence of the great revolutionary tradition.»
In european literature term «The Leningrad School» appeared in late 1980 in connection with the well-known series of exhibitions and art auctions of Russian art «L'Ecole de Leningrad» in France in 1989—1992. In 1994—1997 in St. Petersburg have been several exhibitions of works by artists of the Leningrad school from private collections. In 2007 and 2008 came the first monograph on the history and artistic heritage of the Leningrad school. Creativity by "the leading masters of the Leningrad and Moscow School of Painting" is included in the program of the entrance test for admission to art history in graduate of St. Petersburg State University.
Representatives
The Leningrad School pupils in the prewar and postwar years were well-known painters Evsey MoiseenkoEvsey Moiseenko
Evsey Evseevich Moiseenko was a People's Artist of the USSR , and full member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR , Hero of Socialist Labor ....
, Boris Ugarov
Boris Ugarov
Boris Sergeevich Ugarov was a Russian Soviet realist painter and art educator, Honored Artist of the RSFSR, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad school of painting,- Biography :Boris...
, Yuri Neprintsev
Yuri Neprintsev
Yuri Mikhailovich Neprintsev |Georgia]] - October 20, 1996, Saint Petersburg, Russia) - Soviet, Russian painter, graphic artist, art teacher, professor of the Repin Institute of Arts, People's Artist of USSR, a member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded by...
, Аndrey Mylnikov, Alexander Laktionov, Nikolai Timkov
Nikolai Timkov
Nikolai Efimovich Timkov - Soviet Russian painter, Honored Artist of Russian Federation, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, worldwide known for his landscape...
, Mikhail Trufanov
Mikhail Trufanov
Mikhail Pavlovich Trufanov - Soviet, Russian painter, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his portrait paintings.....
, Yuri Tulin
Yuri Tulin
Yuri Nilovich Tulin - Soviet, Russian painter, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his portraits and historical paintings.- Biography :Yuri Nilovich Tulin was...
, Vecheslav Zagonek
Vecheslav Zagonek
Vecheslav Frantsevich Zagonek was a Soviet, Russian painter, People's Artist of the USSR, Member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR, who lived and worked in Leningrad...
, Piotr Alberti
Piotr Alberti
Piotr Filipovich Alberti – Soviet, Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Taisia Afonina
Taisia Afonina
Taisia Kirillovna Afonina |Nikolaev]], Crimea, Russian Empire - April 19, 1994, Saint Petersburg, Russia) - Soviet, Russian painter and watercolorist, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad...
, Evgenia Antipova
Evgenia Antipova
Evgenia Petrovna Antipova was a Russian and Soviet painter, watercolorist, graphic artist, and Art teacher. She lived and worked in Leningrad - Saint Petersburg and is regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad school of painting....
, Irina Baldina
Irina Baldina
Irina Mikhailovna Baldina - Soviet Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Irina Mikhailovna Baldina was born May 18, 1922 in Moscow, Soviet Russia....
, Nikolai Baskakov
Nikolai Baskakov
Nikolai Nikolaevich Baskakov - Soviet, Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and portrait painting.- Biography :Nikolai...
, Evgenia Baykova
Evgenia Baykova
Evgenia Vasilievna Baykova was a Russian Soviet realist painter and graphic artist, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg...
, Vsevolod Bazhenov
Vsevolod Bazhenov
Vsevolod Andreevich Bazhenov was a Soviet, Russian painter who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, and regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape...
, Yuri Belov
Yuri Belov
Yuri Vladimirovich Belov is a Russian Soviet realist painter, who live and work in Saint Petersburg . He is a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , and regarded by art historian Sergei V...
, Piotr Belousov
Piotr Belousov
Piotr Petrovich Belousov – Soviet, Russian painter, graphic artist, art teacher, professor of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, People's Artist of USSR, Corresponding member of the Academy of Arts of the USSR, who lived and worked in Leningrad...
, Zlata Bizova
Zlata Bizova
Zlata Nikolaevna Bizova is a Russian Soviet realist painter and graphic artist, who lives and works in Saint Petersburg . She is a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Zlata Nikolaevna...
, Olga Bogaevskaya
Olga Bogaevskaya
Olga Borisovna Bogaevskaya was a Russian Soviet painter and graphic artist, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg - Petrograd - Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad School of painting.- Biography :Olga...
, Veniamin Borisov
Veniamin Borisov
Veniamin Ivanovich Borisov , a Soviet Russian painter living and working in Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Vladimir Chekalov
Vladimir Chekalov
Vladimir Fedorovich Chekalov was a Russian Soviet realist painter and art teacher, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, and regarded as representative of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his battle and genre...
, Nikolai Galakhov
Nikolai Galakhov
Nikolai Nikolaevich Galakhov - Soviet, Russian painter, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, living and working in Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape paintings....
, Irina Getmanskaya
Irina Getmanskaya
'Irina Ivanovna Getmanskaya' - Soviet, Russians painter and art teacher, living and working in Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Irina Ivanovna Getmanskaya...
, Vasily Golubev
Vasily Golubev
Vasily Vasilievich Golubev - Soviet, Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Tatiana Gorb
Tatiana Gorb
Tatiana Vladimirovna Gorb is a Soviet Russian painter, graphic, art teacher, illustrator, living and working in Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her portrait paintings.-...
, Vladimir Gorb
Vladimir Gorb
Vladimir Alexandrovich Gorb - Soviet Russian painter, graphic artist, and art teacher, professor of the Repin Institute of Arts, Honored Art Worker of Russian Federation, lived and worked in Leningrad, member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, regarded as one of the...
, Elena Gorokhova
Elena Gorokhova
Elena Konstantinovna Gorokhova - Soviet Russian painter, living and working in Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad School of Painting.- Biography :...
, Abram Grushko
Abram Grushko
Abram Borisovich Grushko – Soviet Russian painter, art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape paintings.- Biography...
, Irina Dobrekova
Irina Dobrekova
Irina Mikhailovna Dobrekova - Soviet Russian painter, Graphic artist, living and working in Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Irina Mikhailovna Dobrekova was born February...
, Alexei Eriomin
Alexei Eriomin
Alexei Grigorievich Eriomin - Russian Soviet realist painter, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg...
, Sergei Frolov
Sergei Frolov (artist)
Sergei Kuzmich Frolov - Soviet, Russian realist painter, watercolorist, graphic artist, and art teacher, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg , a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography...
, Mikhail Kaneev
Mikhail Kaneev
Mikhail Alexandrovich Kaneev – Soviet Russian painter and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the major representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his cityscapes of Leningrad and ancient Russian...
, Yuri Khukhrov
Yuri Khukhrov
Yuri Dmitrievich Khukhrov was a Russian Soviet realist painter, graphic artist, and art teacher, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg . He was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , and regarded by art historian Sergei V...
, Maya Kopitseva
Maya Kopitseva
Maya Kuzminichna Kopitseva - Soviet Russian painter, Honored Artist of the RSFSR, lived and worked in Leningrad - Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of the major representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her still life...
, Boris Korneev
Boris Korneev
Boris Vasilievich Korneev – Soviet Russian painter and art teacher, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, professor of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of the major representatives of the...
, Alexander Koroviakov
Alexander Koroviakov
Alexander Petrovich Koroviakov – Soviet, Russian painter and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad – Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Alexander Petrovich Koroviakov was born...
, Elena Kostenko
Elena Kostenko
Elena Mikhailovna Kostenko - Soviet Russian painter, living and working in Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of the major representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her portrait paintings.- Biography :Elena Mikhailovna...
, Nikolai Kostrov
Nikolai Kostrov
Nikolai Ivanovich Kostrov was a Russian Soviet painter, graphic artist, and illustrator, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, and regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting and graphics.- Biography :Nikolai Ivanovich...
, Anna Kostrova
Anna Kostrova
Anna Alexandrovna Kostrova was a Russian Soviet realist painter, graphic artist, and book illustrator, who lived and worked in Leningrad. She was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting....
, Gevork Kotiantz
Gevork Kotiantz
Gevork Vartanovich Kotiantz , - Soviet, Russian - Armenian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Mikhail Kozell
Mikhail Kozell
Mikhail Georgievich Kozell - Soviet Russian painter and Art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape painting.- Biography :...
, Engels Kozlov
Engels Kozlov
Engels Vasilievich Kozlov – Soviet Russian painter, People's Artist of Russia, lived and worked in Leningrad – Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and portrait painting....
, Marina Kozlovskaya
Marina Kozlovskaya
Marina Andreevna Kozlovskaya – a Soviet Russian painter, living and working in Leningrad – Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her landscape paintings.- Biography :...
, Vladimir Krantz
Vladimir Krantz
Vladimir Pavlovich Krantz - a Soviet Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad - Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his lirical landscape paintings.- Biography :...
, Yaroslav Krestovsky
Yaroslav Krestovsky
Yaroslav Igorevich Krestovsky - a Soviet Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad - Saint Petersburg, regarded by art historian Sergei V...
, Valeria Larina
Valeria Larina
Valeria Borisovna Larina was a Russian Soviet realist painter, graphic artist, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg . She was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Valeria...
, Boris Lavrenko
Boris Lavrenko
Boris Mikhailovich Lavrenko was a Russian Soviet realist painter, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, professor of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg , regarded as one of the major representatives...
, Ivan Lavsky
Ivan Lavsky
Ivan Ivanovich Lavsky was a Russian-Soviet realist painter and graphic artist, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists and regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Piotr Litvinsky
Piotr Litvinsky
Piotr Petrovich Litvinsky - a Russian Soviet realist painter and art teacher, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg and Moscow...
, Oleg Lomakin
Oleg Lomakin
Oleg Leonidovich Lomakin was a Russian Soviet realist painter, Honored Artist of the RSFSR, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg . He was regarded as one of the major representatives of the Leningrad school of painting,- Biography :...
, Dmitry Maevsky
Dmitry Maevsky
Dmitry Ivanovich Maevsky – Soviet Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his lyrical landscapes.- Biography :...
, Gavriil Malish
Gavriil Malish
Gavriil Kondratievich Malish - Soviet, Russian painter, watercolorist, and graphic artist, lived and worked in Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his decorative still lifes and landscapes.- Biography :Gavriil...
, Alexei Mozhaev
Alexei Mozhaev
Alexei Vasilievich Mozhaev - Soviet Russian painter, graphic artist, and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his portrait painting.-Biography:Alexei...
, Valentina Monakhova
Valentina Monakhova
Valentina Vasilievna Monakhova - Soviet Russian painter, watercolorist, graphic artist, and art teacher, living and working in Saint Petersburg regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Nikolai Mukho
Nikolai Mukho
Nikolai Antonovich Mukho - Soviet, Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his portrait painting.- Biography :...
, Mikhail Natarevich
Mikhail Natarevich
Mikhail Davidovich Natarevich - Soviet, Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Piotr Nazarov
Piotr Nazarov
Piotr Fedorovich Nazarov - Soviet, Russian painter, Art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad city, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Vera Nazina
Vera Nazina
Vera Ivanovna Nazina - soviet Russian painter, Graphic artist, living and working in Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded by one art historian as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Vera Ivanovna Nazina was born April...
, Alexander Naumov
Alexander Naumov
Alexander Alexandrovich Naumov - Soviet, Russian painter, lived and worked in Saint Petersburg, member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, the most known for his works depicting Central Asia.- Biography :Alexander...
, Anatoli Nenartovich
Anatoli Nenartovich
Anatoli Akimovich Nenartovich - Soviet, Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his cityscapes.- Biography :...
, Samuil Nevelshtein
Samuil Nevelshtein
Samuil Grigorievich Nevelshtein - Soviet, Russian painter, watercolorist, graphic artist, and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most known for his portraits of children and youth.- Biography :Samuil Grigorievich...
, Dmitry Oboznenko
Dmitry Oboznenko
Dmitry Georgievich Oboznenko - Soviet Russian painter, graphic artist, Honored Artist of the RSFSR, lived and worked in Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and...
, Lev Orekhov
Lev Orekhov
Lev Nikolaevich Orekhov was a Russian Soviet painter, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Sergei Osipov
Sergei Ivanovich Osipov
Sergei Ivanovich Osipov was a Soviet Russian painter, graphic artist, and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his...
, Vladimir Ovchinnikov
Vladimir Ivanovich Ovchinnikov
Vladimir Ivanovich Ovchinnikov - Soviet, Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, regarded by art historian Sergei Ivanov as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his...
, Victor Otiev
Victor Otiev
Victor Alexandrovich Otiev - Soviet, Russian painter, graphic artist, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded by one art historian as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Nikolai Pozdneev
Nikolai Pozdneev
Nikolai Matveevich Pozdneev - Soviet Russian painter, living and working in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and still life paintings.-Biography:Pozdneev Nikolai...
, Evgeny Pozdniakov
Evgeny Pozdniakov
Evgeny Mikhailovich Pozdniakov - Soviet, Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation), regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most known for his landscape paintings.- Biography :Evgeny...
, Alexander Pushnin
Alexander Pushnin
Alexander Tikhonovich Pushnin - Soviet, Russian painter, Doctor of Art-criticism, professor of the Leningrad Institute of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture named after Ilya Repin, lived and worked in Leningrad, member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the representatives of...
, Lev Russov
Lev Russov
Lev Alexandrovich Russov was a Soviet Russian painter, graphic artist, and sculptor, living and working in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his...
, Galina Rumiantseva
Galina Rumiantseva
Galina Alexeevna Rumiantseva was a Russian Soviet realist painter and graphic artist, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg . She was regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.-Biography:...
, Kapitolina Rumiantseva
Kapitolina Rumiantseva
Kapitolina Alexeevna Rumiantseva was a Russian Soviet realist painter and graphic artist, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg...
, Ivan Savenko
Ivan Savenko
Ivan Grigorievich Savenko was a Soviet Russian - Ukrainian painter, Honored Artist of the RSFSR, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape paintings.- Biography :...
, Vladimir Sakson
Vladimir Sakson
Vladimir Stanislavovich Sakson - Soviet, Russian painter, Book illustrator, Scenographer, Stage designer, Art decorator, living and working in Leningrad, member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, regarded by art historian Sergei V...
, Gleb Savinov
Gleb Savinov
Gleb Alexandrovich Savinov - Soviet, Russian painter, Art teacher, Honored Artist of Russian Federation, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and portrait painting.- Biography :Gleb...
, Vladimir Seleznev
Vladimir Seleznev
Vladimir Ivanovich Seleznev was a Soviet Russian realist painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, regarded by art historian Sergei V...
, Alexander Semionov, Arseny Semionov
Arseny Semionov
Arseny Nikiforovich Semionov - Soviet Russian painter and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape and cityscape paintings.- Biography :Arseny...
, Yuri Shablikin
Yuri Shablikin
Yuri Mikhailovich Shablikin - Soviet, Russian realist painter, graphic artist, restorer, art teacher, who live and work in Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded by art historian Sergei V...
, Boris Shamanov
Boris Shamanov
Boris Ivanovich Shamanov was a Soviet Russian realist painter, graphic artist, and art teacher, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg...
, Alexander Shmidt
Alexander Shmidt
Alexander Vladimirovich Shmidt was a Russian-Soviet realist painter, graphic artist, and Art teacher who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting....
, Nadezhda Shteinmiller
Nadezhda Shteinmiller
Nadezhda Pavlovna Shteinmiller was a Russian Soviet realist painter, graphic artist, art teacher, Scenographer, and Stage designer who lived and worked in Leningrad...
, Elena Skuin
Elena Skuin
Elena Petrovna Skuin – Soviet, Russian – Latvian painter, watercolorist, graphic artist, and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her still life painting.-...
, Galina Smirnova
Galina Smirnova
Galina Alexandrovna Smirnova - a Soviet Russian painter, living and working in Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her portraits of contemporaries.- Biography :Galina...
, Alexander Sokolov
Alexander Ivanovich Sokolov
Alexander Ivanovich Sokolov - Soviet Russian painter and Art teacher, Honored Artist of the RSFSR, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for...
, Alexander Stolbov
Alexander Stolbov
Alexander Sergeevich Stolbov is a Soviet Russian painter and art teacher, living and working in Saint Petersburg . He is a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most known for his...
, Alexander Tatarenko
Alexander Tatarenko
Alexander Alexandrovich Tatarenko - Soviet, Russian painter, restorer, Art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Alexander Alexandrovich Tatarenko was born...
, German Tatarinov
German Tatarinov
German Alexeevich Tatarinov - Soviet, Russian painter, Honored Artist of Russian Federation, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape paintings.- Biography :...
, Victor Teterin
Victor Teterin
Victor Kuzmich Teterin - Soviet, Russian painter, watercolorist, and art teacher, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded by one art historian as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Mikhail Tkachev
Mikhail Tkachev
Mikhail Evdokimovich Tkachev |Kalach]], Voronezh Province, Russian Empire) - Soviet, Russian painter, Honored Artist of Russian Federation, lived and worked in Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his landscape paintings.-...
, Leonid Tkachenko
Leonid Tkachenko (artist)
Leonid Anisimovich Tkachenko - Soviet, Russian painter, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , living and working in Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the "left" wing of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Leonid Anisimovich Tkachenko was born...
, Vitaly Tulenev
Vitaly Tulenev
Vitaly Ivanovich Tulenev - Soviet Russian painter, watercolorist, graphic artist, art teacher, Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, lived and worked in Saint Petersburg, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the "left" wing of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Vitaly...
, Ivan Varichev
Ivan Varichev
Ivan Mikhailovich Varichev - Russian Soviet realist painter, People's Artist of the Russian Federation, who live and work in Saint Petersburg...
, Anatoli Vasiliev
Anatoli Vasiliev
Anatoli Ilych Vasiliev , Russian Empire — June 4, 1994, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation) was a Russian and Soviet realist painter, who lived and worked in Leningrad...
, Piotr Vasiliev
Piotr Vasiliev
Piotr Konstantinovich Vasiliev was Russian Soviet realist painter, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists and regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, Valery Vatenin
Valery Vatenin
Valery Vladimirovich Vatenin was a Russian Soviet realist painter, graphic artist, and art teacher, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation, and regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the "left wing" of the...
, Igor Veselkin
Igor Veselkin
Igor Petrovich Veselkin was a Russian Soviet realist painter, graphic artist, scenographer, stage designer, and art teacher, professor of the Repin Institute of Arts, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg...
, Nina Veselova
Nina Veselova
Nina Leonidovna Veselova was a Russian Soviet realist painter and graphic artist, Doctor of art-criticism , who lived and worked in Leningrad, She was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the brightest representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Nina...
, Rostislav Vovkushevsky
Rostislav Vovkushevsky
Rostislav Ivanovich Vovkushevsky was a Russian Soviet realist painter, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , and regarded as one of representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Rostislav Ivanovich Vovkushevsky was born...
, Lazar Yazgur
Lazar Yazgur
Lazar Semionovich Yazgur - Soviet, Russian-Jew realist painter, who lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :Lazar Semionovich Yazgur was born June 7, 1928 in...
, Ruben Zakharian
Ruben Zakharian
Ruben Agasievich Zakharian was a Russian-Armenian painter, who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, and regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.- Biography :...
, and many others.
According to S. Ivanov, given in his book "The Unknown Socialist Realism. The Leningrad School", its members are some 1,200 artists. In the same edition of the first list of the names given them, based on archival materials, reference works of the Leningrad Union of Artists and exhibition catalogs for the years 1930-1990. Numerous references to the artists belonging to the "Leningrad school" found in the literature of an earlier time. A typical example - an article on art of Efim Lyatsky (1929–1977): «Efim Elmanovich Lyatsky belongs to a generation of artists with whom we have associated the very idea of the Leningrad School of Painting».
Traditions and Heritage
Originating in a situation of acute conflict of opinions on how to develop arts and arts education in the USSR, Leningrad school has made a valuable contribution to the restoration and further development of the traditions of national art school and a realistic painting. «Restoring the continuity of traditions of the old school in the walls of the Soviet Academy of Arts, - wrote art historian Olga Rodosskaya, - the preservation of the institution in the same capacity today is certainly a unique phenomenon. Especially in comparison with the general trend of destruction of the traditional European art school». One of its important achievements was the creation in 1930 in Leningrad, the unique system of children's primary and secondary art education, which became soon a model for the whole country. By they works the Leningrad artists have made a significant contribution to the national fine arts, the formation of the aesthetic views and the spiritual world of the modern generations. Its artistic heritage amounts to many thousands of paintings and hundreds of art exhibitions, starting with "1st Exhibition of Leningrad artists" in 1935, who have been important events in the cultural life of an era.The works of artists of the Leningrad school are well represented in the collections of major museums of Russia, forming the basis of funds domestic painting 1930-1980 period. The work of artists of the Leningrad school has enriched all the genres and directions of modern art. This gave grounds to speak about the traditions and contributions of the Leningrad school in relation to the development of certain genres of painting, in particular, the Leningrad school of landscape painting.
Exhibitions of 1960-1970 period, and, in particular, the retrospective exhibition "The Fine Arts of the Leningrad" in 1976 in Moscow, showed that the Leningrad school was held as a major phenomenon of artistic life. It became possible to speak of her traits and characteristics inherent in its pupils and showed up as early as their independent work. As well as its place and role in the development of Soviet art and art school as a whole. They confirmed the gravity of Leningrad artists to create works of great public importance, the culture of professional excellence, to the "typical in Leningrad exquisite harmony of color" and a generalized interest in painting and figurative images. Its representatives were characterized by high artistic culture and the fact that, according to Nikolai Punin, can be called "a sense of the Leningrad painting ... with a sort of deeply honest, clean person deep relationship to the means of expression". At the same properties indicates another authoritative researcher Leo Mochalov in an article on the artist Shishmareva: «Predominant background of her work - rejection of constriction, the inner poise, tact, finally, understanding the nuances of the role - that without which no and can not be true art. These qualities, as well as high professional culture, a thin, well-placed firmly taste associated Shishmareva art with the tradition of the Leningrad painting and graphics "school" of the 1920-1930s.» This observation of Shishmareva, which failed (as well as a number of other interesting artists) to obtain formal art education, can fully understand the criteria for identity as a particular artist to the Leningrad School.
Leningrad school featured kinship with progressive traditions of Russian art schools and pre-Soviet period. the Leningrad school remained in close affinity with every progressive phenomenon of pre-soviet art. It stuck to the best examples of Russian and European painting and learnt from the coryphaei of the post-Revolution period. This made the school artistically independent and immune from unimportant momentary outside influences.
With regard to the painterly and plastic language and imagery, the Leningrad school kept to the traditions and general values common to European and Russian art. Ideas of humanism professed by the artists, expressed the national character and the clarity of their culturally informed and quite traditional painterly language made their art highly relevant to the epoch and created a broad field for creative experiments.
The Leningrad school was distinguished by defined professional and moral criteria. This explains the profound skepticism it always felt towards the innovations that often exploited peripheral possibilities of visual art and were generally overestimated. The Leningrad school tended to fuse different art movements and styles but never receded from the Russian traditional understanding of the mission of art.
Another important feature inherited from the old school and St Petersburg tradition was a sincere attentiveness to the informed opinion of the art public. Independent from public authorities and indifferent to ranks and awards, it had a greater influence on the assessment of an artist’s work and personality than official recognition and formal success.
Spreading its traditions and the experience of its founding fathers and adherents all over the country, the Leningrad school itself fed on the heritage and experience of the Moscow art circles and a number of provincial schools. Alexander Savinov
Alexander Savinov
Alexander Ivanovich Savinov was a Russian Soviet painter and art educator, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg - Petrograd - Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the founder of the Leningrad School of painting....
and Alexander Matveyev, natives of Saratov, were among the school’s founders; Alexander Osmerkin
Alexander Osmerkin
Alexander Alexandrovich Osmerkin was a Russian painter, graphic artist, stage designer, and art teacher. He was a member of the Knave of Diamonds avant-garde group, AKhRR, and Society of Moscow Artists groups...
and Boris Ioganson
Boris Ioganson
Boris Vladimirovich Ioganson was a Russian painter.Ioganson was born in Moscow. His father's Swedish ancestors russified the surname "Johanson"" into "Ioganson." Ioganson attended the Moscow School of Art and studied under Kasatkin and Malyutin. He was a member of the Society of Young Artists,...
, who lived in Moscow, were among its most important masters. Later, the influence of the Moscow school became more obvious in the works of those artists whose close co-operation with Moscow-based colleagues was complemented by the fact they were neighbors at the Academic dacha. This is particularly true about Nikolai Timkov
Nikolai Timkov
Nikolai Efimovich Timkov - Soviet Russian painter, Honored Artist of Russian Federation, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, worldwide known for his landscape...
, Maya Kopitseva
Maya Kopitseva
Maya Kuzminichna Kopitseva - Soviet Russian painter, Honored Artist of the RSFSR, lived and worked in Leningrad - Saint Petersburg, a member of the Saint Petersburg Union of Artists , regarded as one of the major representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for her still life...
, and Nikolai Pozdneev
Nikolai Pozdneev
Nikolai Matveevich Pozdneev - Soviet Russian painter, living and working in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and still life paintings.-Biography:Pozdneev Nikolai...
who are considered to be among the best Leningrad colorists. The culture of the Saratov school distinguished by its soulful intonation and a particular sincerity is traceable in the works of Vladimir Ovchinnikov and Gleb Savinov
Gleb Savinov
Gleb Alexandrovich Savinov - Soviet, Russian painter, Art teacher, Honored Artist of Russian Federation, lived and worked in Leningrad, regarded as one of the leading representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his genre and portrait painting.- Biography :Gleb...
.
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See also
- List of Russian artists
- List of 20th century Russian painters
- List of painters of Saint Petersburg Union of Artists
- List of the Russian Landscape painters
- Saint Petersburg Union of ArtistsSaint Petersburg Union of ArtistsUnion of Artists of Saint Petersburg was established on August 2, 1932, as creative union of the Leningrad artists and arts critics. Prior to 1959, was called "Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists". Since 1959 was called as Leningrad branch of Union of Artists of Russian Federation...