Liaoyuan
Encyclopedia
Liaoyuan is a prefecture-level city
in the west of Jilin
province in Northeast China
, bounded on the west by Liaoning
province. Liaoyuan city lies some 100 km southeast of Changchun
, the capital of Jilin province. Covering an area of 5,125 square kilometers, Liaoyuan is the smallest among the prefecture-level cities in Jilin. Liaoyuan has a toal population of 1,176,645, while the built up area has a population of 462,233.
and Songhua River
. In addition, Liaoyuan is also rich in timber and mineral resources. Mineral resources such as limestone
, marble
, coal
, silica, and wollastonite
are abundant. Forests cover 42% of the city's lands.
used to contribute an important part to the local economy. During Japanese occupation from 1931 to 1945, Liaoyuan was the second largest coal-mining center of Manchukuo
, preceded only by Fushun
. This city continued to produce approximately 3 million tons of coal
every year till mid 1990s, when the exhaustion of coal resource brought the economy of this city to a standstill. Fortunately, the city succeeded in transforming its economic structure from a mining oriented one to a light manufacturing oriented one. At present, the city is the largest cotton-sock
manufacturing center in Northeast China. Furthermore, the aluminum shell of Apple Macbook Pro
is also manufactured in this city. Liaoyuan has a GDP of RMB 41 billion in 2010, rising 15.6% year on year.
-Yingchengzi Expressway and the Siping
-Meihekou
Railway run through the city. Changchun Airport is within one and a half-hour's drive from Liaoyuan.
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
in the west of Jilin
Jilin
Jilin , is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the northeastern part of the country. Jilin borders North Korea and Russia to the east, Heilongjiang to the north, Liaoning to the south, and Inner Mongolia to the west...
province in Northeast China
Northeast China
Northeast China, historically known in English as Manchuria, is a geographical region of China, consisting of the three provinces of Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang. The region is sometimes called the Three Northeast Provinces...
, bounded on the west by Liaoning
Liaoning
' is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the northeast of the country. Its one-character abbreviation is "辽" , a name taken from the Liao River that flows through the province. "Níng" means "peace"...
province. Liaoyuan city lies some 100 km southeast of Changchun
Changchun
Changchun is the capital and largest city of Jilin province, located in the northeast of the People's Republic of China, in the center of the Songliao Plain. It is administered as a sub-provincial city with a population of 7,677,089 at the 2010 census under its jurisdiction, including counties and...
, the capital of Jilin province. Covering an area of 5,125 square kilometers, Liaoyuan is the smallest among the prefecture-level cities in Jilin. Liaoyuan has a toal population of 1,176,645, while the built up area has a population of 462,233.
Administrative divisions
| Map | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | Name | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2010 est.) | Area (km²) | Density (/km²) |
| 1 | Longshan District Longshan District -Administrative Divisions:Subdistricts:*Dongji Subdistrict , Xining Subdistrict , Nankang Subdistrict , Beishou Subdistrict , Zhanqian Subdistrict , Xiangyang Subdistrict , Fuzhen Subdistrict , Xinxing Subdistrict... |
龙山区 | Lóngshān Qū | 283,045 | 257 | 1,089 |
| 2 | Xi'an District Xi'an District, Liaoyuan Xi'an District is a district of Jilin, China. It is under the administration of Liaoyuan city.-Administrative Divisions:Subdistricts:*Xiancheng Subdistrict , Dongshan Subdistrict , Fuguo Subdistrict , Xianfeng Subdistrict , Anjia Subdistrict , Tai'an Subdistrict The only township is Dengta Township... |
西安区 | Xī'ān Qū | 179,188 | 172 | 988 |
| 3 | Dongfeng County Dongfeng County Dongfeng County is located in southwestern Jilin province, Northeast China and is under the administration of Liaoyuan City.It is mainly agricultural with the main crops being wheat and maize .... |
东丰县 | Dōngfēng Xiàn | 408,679 | 2,522 | 163 |
| 4 | Dongliao County Dongliao County Dongliao County is a county of western Jilin province, Northeast China. It is under the administration of Liaoyuan City. Its name literally means "East of Liao", referring to its location on the border with Liaoning.-Administrative Divisions:... |
东辽县 | Dōngliáo Xiàn | 396,121 | 2,174 | 179 |
Geography
Liaoyuan has a temperate semi-humid monsoon climate. The average annual sunshine totals 2,580 hours., while the average annual precipitation reaches 750 mm. The average temperature is 4.5°C. Liaoyuan is replete with water resources. There are 56 rivers and streams running through the city, including Liao RiverLiao River
The Liao River is the principal river in northeast China . The province of Liaoning and the Liaodong Peninsula derive their names from the river....
and Songhua River
Songhua River
The Songhua or Sunggari River is a river in Northeast China, and is the largest tributary of the Heilong River , flowing about from Changbai Mountains through Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces. The river drains of land, and has an annual discharge of .As the Second Songhua River, it joins the...
. In addition, Liaoyuan is also rich in timber and mineral resources. Mineral resources such as limestone
Limestone
Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed largely of the minerals calcite and aragonite, which are different crystal forms of calcium carbonate . Many limestones are composed from skeletal fragments of marine organisms such as coral or foraminifera....
, marble
Marble
Marble is a metamorphic rock composed of recrystallized carbonate minerals, most commonly calcite or dolomite.Geologists use the term "marble" to refer to metamorphosed limestone; however stonemasons use the term more broadly to encompass unmetamorphosed limestone.Marble is commonly used for...
, coal
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure...
, silica, and wollastonite
Wollastonite
Wollastonite is a calcium inosilicate mineral that may contain small amounts of iron, magnesium, and manganese substituting for calcium. It is usually white. It forms when impure limestone or dolostone is subjected to high temperature and pressure sometimes in the presence of silica-bearing fluids...
are abundant. Forests cover 42% of the city's lands.
Economy
Coal miningCoal mining
The goal of coal mining is to obtain coal from the ground. Coal is valued for its energy content, and since the 1880s has been widely used to generate electricity. Steel and cement industries use coal as a fuel for extraction of iron from iron ore and for cement production. In the United States,...
used to contribute an important part to the local economy. During Japanese occupation from 1931 to 1945, Liaoyuan was the second largest coal-mining center of Manchukuo
Manchukuo
Manchukuo or Manshū-koku was a puppet state in Manchuria and eastern Inner Mongolia, governed under a form of constitutional monarchy. The region was the historical homeland of the Manchus, who founded the Qing Empire in China...
, preceded only by Fushun
Fushun
Fushun is a city in Liaoning, China, about 45 km east from Shenyang, with a population about 2,138 090 inhabitants at the 2010 census and an area of 11,271 km2, including 713 km2 of the city proper. Fushun is situated on the Hun He . It was formerly called Fouchouen in French...
. This city continued to produce approximately 3 million tons of coal
Coal
Coal is a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock usually occurring in rock strata in layers or veins called coal beds or coal seams. The harder forms, such as anthracite coal, can be regarded as metamorphic rock because of later exposure to elevated temperature and pressure...
every year till mid 1990s, when the exhaustion of coal resource brought the economy of this city to a standstill. Fortunately, the city succeeded in transforming its economic structure from a mining oriented one to a light manufacturing oriented one. At present, the city is the largest cotton-sock
Sock
A sock is an item of clothing worn on the feet. The foot is among the heaviest producers of sweat in the body, as it is able to produce over of perspiration per day. Socks help to absorb this sweat and draw it to areas where air can evaporate the perspiration. In cold environments, socks decrease...
manufacturing center in Northeast China. Furthermore, the aluminum shell of Apple Macbook Pro
MacBook Pro
The MacBook Pro is a line of Macintosh portable computers introduced in January 2006 by Apple. It replaced the PowerBook G4 and was the second model, after the iMac, to be announced in the Apple–Intel transition...
is also manufactured in this city. Liaoyuan has a GDP of RMB 41 billion in 2010, rising 15.6% year on year.
Transport
The ChangchunChangchun
Changchun is the capital and largest city of Jilin province, located in the northeast of the People's Republic of China, in the center of the Songliao Plain. It is administered as a sub-provincial city with a population of 7,677,089 at the 2010 census under its jurisdiction, including counties and...
-Yingchengzi Expressway and the Siping
Siping
Siping is a process of cutting thin slits across a rubber surface to improve traction in wet or icy conditions.Siping was invented and patented in 1923 under the name of John F. Sipe The story told on various websites is that, in the 1920s, Sipe worked in a slaughterhouse and grew tired of...
-Meihekou
Meihekou
Meihekou is a city of 600,000 in southwestern Jilin province, Northeast China. It is a regional transport hub, connecting three railway lines, all of which are single track, and 2 national highways...
Railway run through the city. Changchun Airport is within one and a half-hour's drive from Liaoyuan.
Tourism
Guandong deer meat is one of the popular dishes among local people since Liaoyuan has a long history of raising deer.Notable people
- Xie JunXie JunXie Jun is a chess grandmaster from China. She had two reigns as Women's World Chess Champion, from 1991 to 1996 and again from 1999 to 2001. Xie is only the second woman to have two reigns, the other being Elisabeth Bykova....
, Chinese chess grandmaster, Women's World Chess Champion - Yan Xuejing, Chinese Er ren zhuanEr Ren ZhuanEr ren zhuan is a genre of local folk dance and song from Northeast China. It usually consists of two people, a boy and a girl. They sing as well as dance, using folded fans or red square handkerchiefs during the dancing portion. It is enjoyed by a majority of uneducated rural people of Northern...
and TV-series actress - Xue Cun, Chinese singer, movie director