Liberal-Conservative Party (Spain)
Encyclopedia
The Liberal-Conservative Party (Partido Liberal-Conservador) was a Spanish political party founded in 1876 by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
. Its other names include Partido Conservador, Partido Canovista, Partido Silvelista, Partido Maurista and Partido Dadista.
The political formation of Spain by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
at the request of Alfonso XII of Spain
, who assumed the crown after the failure of the First Spanish Republic
. The Liberal-Conservative Party brought together a varied group of people, from the supporters of Isabel II of Spain prior to the Republic to the members of the Liberal Union
he had formed. Its existence was linked to Cánovas himself and on his death in 1897 it was kept going by Francisco Silvela.
In 1885 the party signed the Pact of El Pardo with the Partido Liberal
of Sagasta, in which the parties agreed to alternate (turno
) in power after the death of Alfonso XII of Spain
. The pact was guaranteed by the caciquiles networks right across Spain in both parties and was intended to keep out of power radical socialist, anarchist or republican parties that wished to destroy the monarchy.
1897-1905 Francisco Silvela
1905-1913 Antonio Maura
1913-1921 Eduardo Dato e Iradier
1921-1923 Vacant
1923-1930 Vacant/Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
1930-1931 Juan de la Cierva y Peñafiel
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo was a Spanish politician and historian known principally for his role in supporting the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy to the Spanish throne and for his death at the hands of an anarchist assassin, Michele Angiolillo.-Early career:Born in Málaga as the son of...
. Its other names include Partido Conservador, Partido Canovista, Partido Silvelista, Partido Maurista and Partido Dadista.
Foundation
Castillo called it liberal due to the state system which it defended, always complying with the Spanish Constitution of 1876 that Cánovas had drafted and the purest tradition of Spain and Europe since the 1830s. The Conservative tag was for the type of ideas which, when thinking of questions of state, then dominated in Spain.The political formation of Spain by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo was a Spanish politician and historian known principally for his role in supporting the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy to the Spanish throne and for his death at the hands of an anarchist assassin, Michele Angiolillo.-Early career:Born in Málaga as the son of...
at the request of Alfonso XII of Spain
Alfonso XII of Spain
Alfonso XII was king of Spain, reigning from 1874 to 1885, after a coup d'état restored the monarchy and ended the ephemeral First Spanish Republic.-Early life and paternity:Alfonso was the son of Queen Isabella II of Spain, and...
, who assumed the crown after the failure of the First Spanish Republic
First Spanish Republic
The First Spanish Republic was the political regime that existed in Spain between the parliamentary proclamation on 11 February 1873 and 29 December 1874 when General Arsenio Martínez-Campos's pronunciamento marked the beginning of the Bourbon Restoration in Spain...
. The Liberal-Conservative Party brought together a varied group of people, from the supporters of Isabel II of Spain prior to the Republic to the members of the Liberal Union
Liberal Union (Spain)
The Liberal Union was a political party in Spain in the third quarter of the 19th century. It was founded by Leopoldo O'Donnell in 1858 with the intent of forging a compromise and taking a centrist position between the two forces that had hitherto dominated Spanish politics during the reign of...
he had formed. Its existence was linked to Cánovas himself and on his death in 1897 it was kept going by Francisco Silvela.
In 1885 the party signed the Pact of El Pardo with the Partido Liberal
Liberal Party (Spanish Restoration)
The Liberal Party was a Spanish political party created in 1880 by Práxedes Mateo Sagasta. With the Partido Conservador of Antonio Cánovas del Castillo, it formed a bipartite system of alternating governments that characterised the Spanish Restoration during the final part of the 19th century and...
of Sagasta, in which the parties agreed to alternate (turno
Turno
After almost a whole century of political instability and many civil wars, the aim of the Restoration was to ensure political stability in Spain. Under this plan, El Turno Pacífico was a system put in place by Antonio Cánovas del Castillo whereby the two "official" parties of the Cánovas...
) in power after the death of Alfonso XII of Spain
Alfonso XII of Spain
Alfonso XII was king of Spain, reigning from 1874 to 1885, after a coup d'état restored the monarchy and ended the ephemeral First Spanish Republic.-Early life and paternity:Alfonso was the son of Queen Isabella II of Spain, and...
. The pact was guaranteed by the caciquiles networks right across Spain in both parties and was intended to keep out of power radical socialist, anarchist or republican parties that wished to destroy the monarchy.
Leaders
1876-1897 Antonio Cánovas del CastilloAntonio Cánovas del Castillo
Antonio Cánovas del Castillo was a Spanish politician and historian known principally for his role in supporting the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy to the Spanish throne and for his death at the hands of an anarchist assassin, Michele Angiolillo.-Early career:Born in Málaga as the son of...
1897-1905 Francisco Silvela
1905-1913 Antonio Maura
1913-1921 Eduardo Dato e Iradier
Eduardo Dato e Iradier
Eduardo Dato e Iradier was a Spanish political leader. He served three times as Spanish Prime Minister: from 27 October 1913 to 9 December 1915, from 11 June 1917 to 3 November 1917, and from 28 April 1920 till his death...
1921-1923 Vacant
1923-1930 Vacant/Dictatorship of Primo de Rivera
Primo de Rivera
Primo de Rivera is a Spanish family prominent in politics of the 19th and 20th centuries:*Fernando Primo de Rivera, Spanish politician and soldier, 1831-1921*Miguel Primo de Rivera , dictator of Spain from 23 September 1923 to 1930...
1930-1931 Juan de la Cierva y Peñafiel