List of African dinosaurs
Encyclopedia
This is a list of dinosaur
s whose remains have been recovered from Africa
. Africa has a rich fossil record, but it is patchy and incomplete. It is rich in Triassic
and Early Jurassic
dinosaurs. African dinosaurs from these time periods include Syntarsus
, Dracovenator
, Melanorosaurus
, Massospondylus
, Euskelosaurus
, Heterodontosaurus
, Abrictosaurus
, and Lesothosaurus
. The Middle Jurassic
is poorly represented in Africa. Only the sauropod Cetiosaurus
has been discovered dating from this time period. The Late Jurassic
, however, is well represented in Africa, mainly thanks to the spectacular Tendaguru Formation
. Allosaurus
, Ceratosaurus
, Elaphrosaurus
, Giraffatitan
, Dicraeosaurus
, Janenschia
, Tornieria
, Tendaguria
, Kentrosaurus
, and Dryosaurus
are among the dinosaurs whose remains have been recovered from Tendaguru. This fauna seems to show strong similarities to that of the Morrison Formation
in the United States and the Lourinha Formation
in Portugal. For example, Allosaurus
, Ceratosaurus
, and Dryosaurus
have been found in both the Tendaguru and the Morrison. This has important biogeographical implications.
The Early Cretaceous
in Africa is known primarily from the northern part of the continent, particularly Niger
. Suchomimus
, Elrhazosaurus
, Spinostropheus
, Rebbachisaurus
, Nigersaurus
, Kryptops
, Nqwebasaurus
, and Paranthodon
are some of the Early Cretaceous dinosaurs known from Africa. The Early Cretaceous was an important time for the dinosaurs of Africa because it was when Africa finally separated from South America
, forming the South Atlantic Ocean. This was an important event because now the dinosaurs of Africa started developing endemism because of isolation.
The Late Cretaceous of Africa is known mainly from North Africa. During the early part of the Late Cretaceous, North Africa was home to a rich dinosaur fauna. It includes Spinosaurus
, Carcharodontosaurus
, Rugops
, Bahariasaurus
, Deltadromeus
, Paralititan
, Aegyptosaurus
, and Ouranosaurus
.
Dinosaur
Dinosaurs are a diverse group of animals of the clade and superorder Dinosauria. They were the dominant terrestrial vertebrates for over 160 million years, from the late Triassic period until the end of the Cretaceous , when the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event led to the extinction of...
s whose remains have been recovered from Africa
Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
. Africa has a rich fossil record, but it is patchy and incomplete. It is rich in Triassic
Triassic
The Triassic is a geologic period and system that extends from about 250 to 200 Mya . As the first period of the Mesozoic Era, the Triassic follows the Permian and is followed by the Jurassic. Both the start and end of the Triassic are marked by major extinction events...
and Early Jurassic
Early Jurassic
The Early Jurassic epoch is the earliest of three epochs of the Jurassic period...
dinosaurs. African dinosaurs from these time periods include Syntarsus
Megapnosaurus
Megapnosaurus was a dinosaur of the theropod family Coelophysidae, formerly called Syntarsus , living during the Early Jurassic. It was renamed by American entomologist Dr. Michael Ivie , Polish Australian Dr...
, Dracovenator
Dracovenator
Dracovenator is the name of a genus of dinosaur from the Early Jurassic. It was a theropod which lived in what is now South Africa.The type species, Dracovenator regenti, was formally described by A.M. Yates in 2006. The genus name is a contraction of the Latin draco, "dragon", and venator, "hunter"...
, Melanorosaurus
Melanorosaurus
Melanorosaurus , is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived during the Late Triassic period. A herbivore from South Africa, it had a large body and sturdy limbs, suggesting it moved about on all fours...
, Massospondylus
Massospondylus
Massospondylus and ) is a genus of prosauropod dinosaur from the early Jurassic Period . It was described by Sir Richard Owen in 1854 from remains found in South Africa, and is thus one of the first dinosaurs to have been named...
, Euskelosaurus
Euskelosaurus
Euskelosaurus was a semi-bipedal dinosaur from the Late Triassic. It was a prosauropod that lived in the Late Triassic Period, in present-day South Africa, Lesotho, and Zimbabwe. It was first described by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1866 as Euskelesaurus brownii based on holotype BMNH R1625, limb and...
, Heterodontosaurus
Heterodontosaurus
Heterodontosaurus is a genus of small herbivorous dinosaur with prominent canine teeth which lived in the Early Jurassic of South Africa. It was similar to a hypsilophodont in shape, and ate plants, despite its canines.Heterodontosaurus is currently known from specimens of the SAFM from South...
, Abrictosaurus
Abrictosaurus
Abrictosaurus is a genus of heterodontosaurid dinosaur from the Early Jurassic Period of what is now southern Africa. It was a small bipedal herbivore or omnivore, approximately 1.2 meters long, and weighing less than 45 kilograms .This dinosaur is known from the fossil remains of only...
, and Lesothosaurus
Lesothosaurus
Lesothosaurus is an herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur. It was named by paleontologist Peter Galton in 1978, the name meaning "lizard from Lesotho". The genus is monotypic, having only one valid species, Lesothosaurus diagnosticus, within the genus....
. The Middle Jurassic
Middle Jurassic
The Middle Jurassic is the second epoch of the Jurassic Period. It lasted from 176-161 million years ago. In European lithostratigraphy, rocks of this Middle Jurassic age are called the Dogger....
is poorly represented in Africa. Only the sauropod Cetiosaurus
Cetiosaurus
Cetiosaurus meaning 'whale lizard', from the Greek cetus/κητος meaning 'sea monster' and saurus/σαυρος meaning 'lizard', was a sauropod dinosaur from the Mid to Late Jurassic Period in what are now Europe and Africa. It is estimated to have been about long and to have weighed roughly...
has been discovered dating from this time period. The Late Jurassic
Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic Period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.2 ± 4.0 to 145.5 ± 4.0 million years ago , which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata. In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age...
, however, is well represented in Africa, mainly thanks to the spectacular Tendaguru Formation
Tendaguru
The Tendaguru Beds are a fossil-rich formation in Tanzania. It has been considered the richest of Late Jurassic strata in Africa. Continental reconstructions show Tendaguru to have been in the southern hemisphere during the Late Jurassic. Tendaguru is similar to the Morrison Formation except in...
. Allosaurus
Allosaurus
Allosaurus is a genus of large theropod dinosaur that lived 155 to 150 million years ago during the late Jurassic period . The name Allosaurus means "different lizard". It is derived from the Greek /allos and /sauros...
, Ceratosaurus
Ceratosaurus
Ceratosaurus meaning "horned lizard", in reference to the horn on its nose , was a large predatory theropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Period , found in the Morrison Formation of North America, in Tanzania and Portugal...
, Elaphrosaurus
Elaphrosaurus
Elaphrosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur from the Kimmeridgian stage of the Late Jurassic of Tanzania. Elaphrosaurus was probably a ceratosaur about 6 meters long. Suggestions that it is a late surviving coelophysoid have been entertained but are generally dismissed. It was first...
, Giraffatitan
Giraffatitan
Giraffatitan, meaning "giraffe titan", is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived during the late Jurassic Period . It was originally named as an African species of Brachiosaurus...
, Dicraeosaurus
Dicraeosaurus
Dicraeosaurus is a genus of small diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur. It was named for the spines on the back of the neck. The first fossil was described by paleontologist Werner Janensch in 1914.Unlike most diplodocoids, Dicraeosaurus had a large head with a relatively short and wide neck...
, Janenschia
Janenschia
Janenschia was a large sauropod from Late Jurassic Africa , and therefore the earliest known titanosaur. Originally thought to be a species of the diplodocid Tornieria/Barosaurus , it was later found to be a distantly related titanosaur. So far, it is only known from Tanzania...
, Tornieria
Tornieria
Tornieria is a genus of diplodocid sauropod dinosaur from Late Jurassic of Tanzania. It has a convoluted taxonomic history.-Discovery and naming:...
, Tendaguria
Tendaguria
Tendaguria is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of Tanzania.It was a large sauropod from the Tendaguru fossil locality in Tanzania; based on two anterior dorsal vertebrae from Nambango, 15 kilometers southeast of Tendaguru Hill, Tanzania, probably in the Upper...
, Kentrosaurus
Kentrosaurus
Kentrosaurus is a genus of stegosaurid dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of Tanzania. Its fossils have been found only in the Tendaguru Formation of Tanzania, dated to the Kimmeridgian stage, between about 155.7 ± 4 Ma and 150.8 ± 4 Ma . Apparently, all finds belong to one species, K...
, and Dryosaurus
Dryosaurus
Dryosaurus is a genus of an ornithopod dinosaur that lived in the Late Jurassic period. It was an iguanodont . Fossils have been found in the western United States, and were first discovered in the late 19th century...
are among the dinosaurs whose remains have been recovered from Tendaguru. This fauna seems to show strong similarities to that of the Morrison Formation
Morrison Formation
The Morrison Formation is a distinctive sequence of Late Jurassic sedimentary rock that is found in the western United States, which has been the most fertile source of dinosaur fossils in North America. It is composed of mudstone, sandstone, siltstone and limestone and is light grey, greenish...
in the United States and the Lourinha Formation
Lourinhã Formation
The Lourinhã Formation is a geological formation in West Portugal, named for the municipality of Lourinhã, from which a wide array of fossils comes...
in Portugal. For example, Allosaurus
Allosaurus
Allosaurus is a genus of large theropod dinosaur that lived 155 to 150 million years ago during the late Jurassic period . The name Allosaurus means "different lizard". It is derived from the Greek /allos and /sauros...
, Ceratosaurus
Ceratosaurus
Ceratosaurus meaning "horned lizard", in reference to the horn on its nose , was a large predatory theropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Period , found in the Morrison Formation of North America, in Tanzania and Portugal...
, and Dryosaurus
Dryosaurus
Dryosaurus is a genus of an ornithopod dinosaur that lived in the Late Jurassic period. It was an iguanodont . Fossils have been found in the western United States, and were first discovered in the late 19th century...
have been found in both the Tendaguru and the Morrison. This has important biogeographical implications.
The Early Cretaceous
Early Cretaceous
The Early Cretaceous or the Lower Cretaceous , is the earlier or lower of the two major divisions of the Cretaceous...
in Africa is known primarily from the northern part of the continent, particularly Niger
Niger
Niger , officially named the Republic of Niger, is a landlocked country in Western Africa, named after the Niger River. It borders Nigeria and Benin to the south, Burkina Faso and Mali to the west, Algeria and Libya to the north and Chad to the east...
. Suchomimus
Suchomimus
Suchomimus is a genus of large spinosaurid dinosaur with a crocodile-like mouth that lived sometime between 121-112 million years ago, during the late Aptian stage of the Cretaceous period in Africa.-Description:...
, Elrhazosaurus
Elrhazosaurus
Elrhazosaurus is a genus of basal iguanodontian dinosaur, known from isolated bones found in Lower Cretaceous rocks of Niger. These bones were initially thought to belong to a species of the related dryosaurid Valdosaurus, but have since been reclassified.-Discovery and history:Elrhazosaurus is...
, Spinostropheus
Spinostropheus
Spinostropheus is a genus of small ceratosaurian dinosaur that lived in the late Jurassic period of Niger. Once thought to be a species closely related to the abelisaurs , subsequent studies have confirmed the original interpretation as a basal ceratosaur closely related to Elaphrosaurus...
, Rebbachisaurus
Rebbachisaurus
Rebbachisaurus is a genus of sauropod dinosaur of the superfamily Diplodocoidea, up to 20 meters long, that lived during the Early-Late Cretaceous period in Africa about 99 million years ago. This massive four-legged plant-eating animal had a small head, a long, graceful neck and a whiplike...
, Nigersaurus
Nigersaurus
Nigersaurus is a genus of diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur from the middle Cretaceous period, about 119 to 99 million years ago during the Aptian or Albian age. This dinosaur was described by Paul Sereno and colleagues in 1999...
, Kryptops
Kryptops
Kryptops is a genus of abelisaurid theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Niger. It is known from a partial skeleton found at the Gadoufaoua locality in the western Ténéré Desert, in rocks of the Aptian-Albian age Elrhaz Formation...
, Nqwebasaurus
Nqwebasaurus
Nqwebasaurus is the name given to a genus of dinosaur from the Tithonian to Valanginian . It was a basal coelurosaur related to Ornitholestes. Its fossils were found in South Africa in the Kirkwood Formation, which is called Nqweba in the native language of the Xhosa...
, and Paranthodon
Paranthodon
Paranthodon was a dinosaur from the early Cretaceous. It lived in what is now South Africa. It is classified as a stegosaur. It has a long and confusing history. The type species, Paranthodon africanus, comes from a partial skull first described as Palaeoscincus africanus in 1912...
are some of the Early Cretaceous dinosaurs known from Africa. The Early Cretaceous was an important time for the dinosaurs of Africa because it was when Africa finally separated from South America
South America
South America is a continent situated in the Western Hemisphere, mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere. The continent is also considered a subcontinent of the Americas. It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east...
, forming the South Atlantic Ocean. This was an important event because now the dinosaurs of Africa started developing endemism because of isolation.
The Late Cretaceous of Africa is known mainly from North Africa. During the early part of the Late Cretaceous, North Africa was home to a rich dinosaur fauna. It includes Spinosaurus
Spinosaurus
Spinosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur which lived in what is now North Africa, from the lower Albian to lower Cenomanian stages of the Cretaceous period, about 112 to 97 million years ago. This genus was first known from Egyptian remains discovered in 1912 and described by German...
, Carcharodontosaurus
Carcharodontosaurus
Carcharodontosaurus was a gigantic carnivorous carcharodontosaurid dinosaur that lived around 100 to 93 million years ago, during the late Albian to early Cenomanian stages of the mid-Cretaceous Period...
, Rugops
Rugops
Rugops is a genus of theropod dinosaur which inhabited what is now Africa approximately 95 million years ago...
, Bahariasaurus
Bahariasaurus
Bahariasaurus is a genus of large theropod dinosaur found in the Bahariya Formation in El-Waha el-Bahariya or Bahariya oasis in Egypt and Kem Kem Beds of North Africa, which date to the late Cretaceous Period, , about 95 million years ago...
, Deltadromeus
Deltadromeus
Deltadromeus is a genus of large basal ceratosaurian theropod dinosaur from Northern Africa. It had long, unusually slender hind limbs for its size, suggesting that it was a swift runner. The skull is not known. Two fossil specimens of a single species Deltadromeus (meaning "delta runner") is a...
, Paralititan
Paralititan
Paralititan was a giant titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur genus discovered in coastal deposits in the Upper Cretaceous Bahariya Formation of Egypt. The fossil represents the first tetrapod reported from the Bahariya Formation since 1935. Its 1.69 meter long humerus is longer than that of any...
, Aegyptosaurus
Aegyptosaurus
Aegyptosaurus meaning 'Egypt’s lizard', for the country in which it was discovered is a genus of sauropod dinosaur believed to have lived in what is now Africa, around 95 million years ago, during the mid- and late-Cretaceous Period . Like most sauropods, it had a long neck and a small skull...
, and Ouranosaurus
Ouranosaurus
Ouranosaurus is an unusual genus of herbivorous iguanodont dinosaur that lived during the early Cretaceous about 110 million years ago in what is now Africa. Ouranosaurus measured about seven to eight meters long...
.
List of African dinosaurs
Name | Period | Diet | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Aardonyx Aardonyx Aardonyx is a genus of prosauropod dinosaur. It is known from the type species Aardonyx celestae found from the Lower Jurassic Elliot Formation of South Africa. A. celestae was named after Celeste Yates, who prepared much of the first known fossil material of the species... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Abrictosaurus Abrictosaurus Abrictosaurus is a genus of heterodontosaurid dinosaur from the Early Jurassic Period of what is now southern Africa. It was a small bipedal herbivore or omnivore, approximately 1.2 meters long, and weighing less than 45 kilograms .This dinosaur is known from the fossil remains of only... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Aegyptosaurus Aegyptosaurus Aegyptosaurus meaning 'Egypt’s lizard', for the country in which it was discovered is a genus of sauropod dinosaur believed to have lived in what is now Africa, around 95 million years ago, during the mid- and late-Cretaceous Period . Like most sauropods, it had a long neck and a small skull... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Aetonyx | Jurassic | herbivore | probably synonymous with Massospondylus Massospondylus Massospondylus and ) is a genus of prosauropod dinosaur from the early Jurassic Period . It was described by Sir Richard Owen in 1854 from remains found in South Africa, and is thus one of the first dinosaurs to have been named... |
Afrovenator Afrovenator Afrovenator is a genus of megalosaurid theropod dinosaur from the mid Jurassic Period of northern Africa. It was a bipedal predator, with a mouthful of sharp teeth and three claws on each hand... |
Jurassic | carnivore | — |
Algoasaurus Algoasaurus Algoasaurus is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Tithonian-early Valanginian-age Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Upper Kirkwood Formation of Cape Province, South Africa. It was a neosauropod; although it has often been assigned to the Titanosauridae, there is no evidence for this, and recent... |
Jurassic/Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Allosaurus Allosaurus Allosaurus is a genus of large theropod dinosaur that lived 155 to 150 million years ago during the late Jurassic period . The name Allosaurus means "different lizard". It is derived from the Greek /allos and /sauros... |
Jurassic | carnivore | — |
Angolatitan Angolatitan Angolatitan is a genus of long-necked, plant eating sauropod dinosaur from Angola. It is known from a partial right arm including a shoulder blade, upper arm , the two bones of the lower arm , and three metacarpals... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Antetonitrus Antetonitrus Antetonitrus is the oldest known genus of sauropod dinosaur, living during the Late Triassic Period of southern Africa. It was a quadrupedal herbivore, like many of its later relatives, although it was far smaller than some of them... |
Triassic | herbivore | — |
Arcusaurus Arcusaurus Arcusaurus is an extinct genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of South Africa.Arcusaurus was first named by Adam Yates, Matthew Bonnan and Johann Neveling in 2011 and the type species is Arcusaurus pereirabdalorum. The generic name is derived from Latin arcus, "rainbow", a... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Atlasaurus Atlasaurus Atlasaurus was a moderately large genus of sauropod dinosaur from Middle Jurassic beds in North Africa.-Discovery and species:Atlasaurus was discovered by Monbaron, Russell & Taquet in 1999... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Australodocus Australodocus Australodocus, meaning "southern beam" from the Latin australis "southern" and the Greek dokos/δοκоς "beam", is a sauropod dinosaur that lived during the Late Jurassic period, around 150 million years ago in what was then German East Africa... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Bahariasaurus Bahariasaurus Bahariasaurus is a genus of large theropod dinosaur found in the Bahariya Formation in El-Waha el-Bahariya or Bahariya oasis in Egypt and Kem Kem Beds of North Africa, which date to the late Cretaceous Period, , about 95 million years ago... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Berberosaurus Berberosaurus Berberosaurus is a genus of abelisauroid theropod dinosaur from the Pliensbachian-Toarcian-age Lower Jurassic Toundoute Continental Series found in the High Atlas of Toundoute, Ouarzazate, Morocco. The type species of the genus Berberosaurus is B. liassicus, in reference to the Lias epoch... |
Jurassic | carnivore | — |
Blikanasaurus Blikanasaurus Blikanasaurus was a genus of sauropodomorph dinosaur found in Lower Elliot Formation rocks from the Late Triassic in what is now South Africa's Cape Province. Known from a left lower limb only, it has been variously classified as a prosauropod or basal sauropod... |
Triassic | herbivore | — |
Carcharodontosaurus Carcharodontosaurus Carcharodontosaurus was a gigantic carnivorous carcharodontosaurid dinosaur that lived around 100 to 93 million years ago, during the late Albian to early Cenomanian stages of the mid-Cretaceous Period... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Ceratosaurus Ceratosaurus Ceratosaurus meaning "horned lizard", in reference to the horn on its nose , was a large predatory theropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic Period , found in the Morrison Formation of North America, in Tanzania and Portugal... |
Jurassic | carnivore | — |
Cetiosaurus Cetiosaurus Cetiosaurus meaning 'whale lizard', from the Greek cetus/κητος meaning 'sea monster' and saurus/σαυρος meaning 'lizard', was a sauropod dinosaur from the Mid to Late Jurassic Period in what are now Europe and Africa. It is estimated to have been about long and to have weighed roughly... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Chebsaurus Chebsaurus Chebsaurus is a genus of quadrupedal, herbivorous, cetiosaurid sauropod dinosaur, specifically a eusauropod. It lived in present day Algeria, in the Middle Jurassic Period. The type species, C. algeriensis, was named in 2005 by Farida Mahammed and is the most complete Algerian sauropod known... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Cristatusaurus Cristatusaurus Cristatusaurus is an extinct genus of spinosaurid theropod dinosaur. It lived during the Early Cretaceous Period of what is now Africa.... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Deltadromeus Deltadromeus Deltadromeus is a genus of large basal ceratosaurian theropod dinosaur from Northern Africa. It had long, unusually slender hind limbs for its size, suggesting that it was a swift runner. The skull is not known. Two fossil specimens of a single species Deltadromeus (meaning "delta runner") is a... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Dicraeosaurus Dicraeosaurus Dicraeosaurus is a genus of small diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur. It was named for the spines on the back of the neck. The first fossil was described by paleontologist Werner Janensch in 1914.Unlike most diplodocoids, Dicraeosaurus had a large head with a relatively short and wide neck... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Dracovenator Dracovenator Dracovenator is the name of a genus of dinosaur from the Early Jurassic. It was a theropod which lived in what is now South Africa.The type species, Dracovenator regenti, was formally described by A.M. Yates in 2006. The genus name is a contraction of the Latin draco, "dragon", and venator, "hunter"... |
Jurassic | carnivore | — |
Dryosaurus Dryosaurus Dryosaurus is a genus of an ornithopod dinosaur that lived in the Late Jurassic period. It was an iguanodont . Fossils have been found in the western United States, and were first discovered in the late 19th century... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Elaphrosaurus Elaphrosaurus Elaphrosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur from the Kimmeridgian stage of the Late Jurassic of Tanzania. Elaphrosaurus was probably a ceratosaur about 6 meters long. Suggestions that it is a late surviving coelophysoid have been entertained but are generally dismissed. It was first... |
Jurassic | carnivore | — |
Elrhazosaurus Elrhazosaurus Elrhazosaurus is a genus of basal iguanodontian dinosaur, known from isolated bones found in Lower Cretaceous rocks of Niger. These bones were initially thought to belong to a species of the related dryosaurid Valdosaurus, but have since been reclassified.-Discovery and history:Elrhazosaurus is... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Eocarcharia Eocarcharia Eocarcharia is a genus of carcharodontosaurid theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Elrhaz Formation that lived in the Sahara 112 million years ago, in what today is the country of Niger. It was discovered in 2000 on an expedition led by University of Chicago paleontologist Paul Sereno. The... |
Jurassic | carnivore | — |
Eocursor Eocursor Eocursor was a primitive genus of dinosaur which lived during the Late Triassic , around 210 million years ago. It was an ornithischian which lived in what is now South Africa... |
Triassic | herbivore | — |
Eucnemesaurus Eucnemesaurus Eucnemesaurus is a basal sauropodomorph dinosaur genus usually considered to be a synonym of Euskelosaurus. Recent study by Yates , however, indicates that it is valid and the same animal as putative "giant herrerasaurid" Aliwalia.... |
Triassic | (disputed) | — |
Euskelosaurus Euskelosaurus Euskelosaurus was a semi-bipedal dinosaur from the Late Triassic. It was a prosauropod that lived in the Late Triassic Period, in present-day South Africa, Lesotho, and Zimbabwe. It was first described by Thomas Henry Huxley in 1866 as Euskelesaurus brownii based on holotype BMNH R1625, limb and... |
Triassic | herbivore | — |
Fabrosaurus Fabrosaurus Fabrosaurus ) was a genus of herbivorous dinosaur which lived during the Early Jurassic . As the only fossil known of it is a partial jawbone with three teeth, Fabrosaurus is a nomen dubium and may in fact be the same as Lesothosaurus.Fabrosaurus was around 1 meter long... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Geranosaurus Geranosaurus Geranosaurus is a genus of ornithischian dinosaur from the Early Jurassic. It is known only from a jaw bone and limb elements discovered in South Africa. Because of the limited remains, it is considered a nomen dubium... |
Jurassic | (unknown) | — |
Giraffatitan Giraffatitan Giraffatitan, meaning "giraffe titan", is a genus of sauropod dinosaur that lived during the late Jurassic Period . It was originally named as an African species of Brachiosaurus... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Gyposaurus Gyposaurus Gyposaurus is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur from the early Jurassic of South Africa and China... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Heterodontosaurus Heterodontosaurus Heterodontosaurus is a genus of small herbivorous dinosaur with prominent canine teeth which lived in the Early Jurassic of South Africa. It was similar to a hypsilophodont in shape, and ate plants, despite its canines.Heterodontosaurus is currently known from specimens of the SAFM from South... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Ignavusaurus Ignavusaurus Ignavusaurus is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived during the Early Jurassic in what is now present-day Lesotho. Its fossils were found in the upper Elliot Formation which is probably Hettangian in age. It was described on the basis of a partial, well preserved articulated skeleton... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Inosaurus Inosaurus Inosaurus is the name given to a dubious genus of dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous. Only partial fossils have ever been found.The type species is Inosaurus tedreftensis, described by Albert-Félix de Lapparent in 1960. The specific name is derived from the location of the site, In Tedreft... |
Cretaceous | (unknown) | — |
Janenschia Janenschia Janenschia was a large sauropod from Late Jurassic Africa , and therefore the earliest known titanosaur. Originally thought to be a species of the diplodocid Tornieria/Barosaurus , it was later found to be a distantly related titanosaur. So far, it is only known from Tanzania... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Jobaria Jobaria Jobaria was a sauropod dinosaur discovered in the Sahara Desert in 1997. It was named after "Jobar", a creature of local legends, and is thought to have been about 18 metres long. It was found in the Tiourarén Formation, originally thought to represent the Hauterivian to Barremian stages of the... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Kangnasaurus Kangnasaurus Kangnasaurus is a genus of iguanodontian ornithopod dinosaur found in supposedly Early Cretaceous rocks of South Africa. It is known from a tooth and possibly some postcranial remains. At times, it has been considered dubious or a valid genus... |
Cretaceous | (unknown) | — |
Karongasaurus Karongasaurus Karongasaurus is the name given to a genus of dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous. It was a titanosaurid sauropod. Its fossils, consisting solely of part of a lower mandible and a few teeth, were found in Malawi... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Kemkemia Kemkemia Kemkemia is a genus of theropod dinosaur living in the Cretaceous, described from a single fossil in 1999 recovered from Morocco by an Italian team searching for fossil invertebrates.... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Kentrosaurus Kentrosaurus Kentrosaurus is a genus of stegosaurid dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of Tanzania. Its fossils have been found only in the Tendaguru Formation of Tanzania, dated to the Kimmeridgian stage, between about 155.7 ± 4 Ma and 150.8 ± 4 Ma . Apparently, all finds belong to one species, K... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Kryptops Kryptops Kryptops is a genus of abelisaurid theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Niger. It is known from a partial skeleton found at the Gadoufaoua locality in the western Ténéré Desert, in rocks of the Aptian-Albian age Elrhaz Formation... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Lanasaurus | Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Lesothosaurus Lesothosaurus Lesothosaurus is an herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur. It was named by paleontologist Peter Galton in 1978, the name meaning "lizard from Lesotho". The genus is monotypic, having only one valid species, Lesothosaurus diagnosticus, within the genus.... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Likhoelesaurus Likhoelesaurus "Likhoelesaurus" is the name given to an as yet undescribed genus of dinosaur from the Late Triassic of what is now South Africa. The name was coined by Ellenberger in 1972 , and the "type species" is "Likhoelesaurus ingens". It is named after the town where the fossils were found... |
Triassic | (unknown) | Possibly not a dinosaur (disputed) |
Lurdusaurus Lurdusaurus Lurdusaurus is a genus of large ornithopod dinosaur which lived in the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous, sometime between 121 to 112 million years ago.-Discovery and naming:... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Lycorhinus Lycorhinus Lycorhinus is a genus of heterodontosaurid ornithischian dinosaur hailing from the Early Jurassic strata of the Elliot Formation located in the Cape Province, South Africa.... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Malawisaurus Malawisaurus Malawisaurus was a genus of sauropod dinosaur . It lived in what is now Africa, specifically Malawi, during the Aptian age of the Early Cretaceous Period. It is one of the few titanosaurs for which skull material has been found.It was named by Louis L. Jacobs and colleagues, and was originally... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Massospondylus Massospondylus Massospondylus and ) is a genus of prosauropod dinosaur from the early Jurassic Period . It was described by Sir Richard Owen in 1854 from remains found in South Africa, and is thus one of the first dinosaurs to have been named... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Megapnosaurus Megapnosaurus Megapnosaurus was a dinosaur of the theropod family Coelophysidae, formerly called Syntarsus , living during the Early Jurassic. It was renamed by American entomologist Dr. Michael Ivie , Polish Australian Dr... |
Jurassic | carnivore | — |
Melanorosaurus Melanorosaurus Melanorosaurus , is a genus of basal sauropodomorph dinosaur that lived during the Late Triassic period. A herbivore from South Africa, it had a large body and sturdy limbs, suggesting it moved about on all fours... |
Triassic | herbivore | — |
Nigersaurus Nigersaurus Nigersaurus is a genus of diplodocoid sauropod dinosaur from the middle Cretaceous period, about 119 to 99 million years ago during the Aptian or Albian age. This dinosaur was described by Paul Sereno and colleagues in 1999... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Nqwebasaurus Nqwebasaurus Nqwebasaurus is the name given to a genus of dinosaur from the Tithonian to Valanginian . It was a basal coelurosaur related to Ornitholestes. Its fossils were found in South Africa in the Kirkwood Formation, which is called Nqweba in the native language of the Xhosa... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Ouranosaurus Ouranosaurus Ouranosaurus is an unusual genus of herbivorous iguanodont dinosaur that lived during the early Cretaceous about 110 million years ago in what is now Africa. Ouranosaurus measured about seven to eight meters long... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Paralititan Paralititan Paralititan was a giant titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur genus discovered in coastal deposits in the Upper Cretaceous Bahariya Formation of Egypt. The fossil represents the first tetrapod reported from the Bahariya Formation since 1935. Its 1.69 meter long humerus is longer than that of any... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Paranthodon Paranthodon Paranthodon was a dinosaur from the early Cretaceous. It lived in what is now South Africa. It is classified as a stegosaur. It has a long and confusing history. The type species, Paranthodon africanus, comes from a partial skull first described as Palaeoscincus africanus in 1912... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Plateosauravus Plateosauravus Plateosauravus is a basal sauropodomorph of uncertain affinities from the late Triassic of South Africa.... |
Triassic | herbivore | — |
Rebbachisaurus Rebbachisaurus Rebbachisaurus is a genus of sauropod dinosaur of the superfamily Diplodocoidea, up to 20 meters long, that lived during the Early-Late Cretaceous period in Africa about 99 million years ago. This massive four-legged plant-eating animal had a small head, a long, graceful neck and a whiplike... |
Cretaceous | herbivore | — |
Rugops Rugops Rugops is a genus of theropod dinosaur which inhabited what is now Africa approximately 95 million years ago... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Sigilmassasaurus Sigilmassasaurus Sigilmassasaurus is a genus of tetanuran theropod dinosaur from the middle of the Cretaceous Period of northern Africa... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Spinosaurus Spinosaurus Spinosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur which lived in what is now North Africa, from the lower Albian to lower Cenomanian stages of the Cretaceous period, about 112 to 97 million years ago. This genus was first known from Egyptian remains discovered in 1912 and described by German... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Spinophorosaurus Spinophorosaurus Spinophorosaurus is a genus of early sauropod dinosaur from Niger. It was recovered in a rock formation belonging to the lower part of the Irhazer Group, the age of which is unknown but may be Middle Jurassic or older. It is unusual for having spiked osteoderms, probably from the tail, similar to... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Spinostropheus Spinostropheus Spinostropheus is a genus of small ceratosaurian dinosaur that lived in the late Jurassic period of Niger. Once thought to be a species closely related to the abelisaurs , subsequent studies have confirmed the original interpretation as a basal ceratosaur closely related to Elaphrosaurus... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Stormbergia Stormbergia Stormbergia is a genus of early ornithischian dinosaur known from the upper Elliot Formation of South Africa and Lesotho, named by Richard Butler in 2005... |
Jurassic | (unknown) | — |
Suchomimus Suchomimus Suchomimus is a genus of large spinosaurid dinosaur with a crocodile-like mouth that lived sometime between 121-112 million years ago, during the late Aptian stage of the Cretaceous period in Africa.-Description:... |
Cretaceous | carnivore | — |
Tazoudasaurus Tazoudasaurus Tazoudasaurus is a genus of vulcanodontid sauropod dinosaur hailing from the Early Jurassic Toundoute overthrust beds located in the High Moroccan Atlas Mountains. The remains, consisting of a partial adult skeleton and associated partial juvenile skeleton found in continental detrital sediments,... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Tendaguria Tendaguria Tendaguria is a genus of sauropod dinosaur from the Late Jurassic of Tanzania.It was a large sauropod from the Tendaguru fossil locality in Tanzania; based on two anterior dorsal vertebrae from Nambango, 15 kilometers southeast of Tendaguru Hill, Tanzania, probably in the Upper... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Thotobolosaurus Thotobolosaurus "Thotobolosaurus" is the name given to an as yet not formally described genus of dinosaur. It lived during the Late Triassic . "Thotobolosaurus" lived in what is present-day Lesotho, and is believed to have been a prosauropod or early sauropod. The suggested "type species", "Thotobolosaurus... |
Triassic | herbivore | — |
Tornieria Tornieria Tornieria is a genus of diplodocid sauropod dinosaur from Late Jurassic of Tanzania. It has a convoluted taxonomic history.-Discovery and naming:... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Vulcanodon Vulcanodon Vulcanodon was a relatively small early sauropod dinosaur genus from the Early Jurassic of southern Africa. About 6.5 metres long, Vulcanodon was herbivorous and had unusually long bones of the first toe and large claws on the inside toes. The type species, V. karibaensis, was formally... |
Jurassic | herbivore | — |
Key
Nomen dubium Nomen dubium In zoological nomenclature, a nomen dubium is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application... |
Invalid |
Nomen nudum Nomen nudum The phrase nomen nudum is a Latin term, meaning "naked name", used in taxonomy... |
Timeline
This is a timeline of selected dinosaurs from the list above. Time is measured in mya along the x-axis.Criteria for inclusion
- The creature must appear on the List of dinosaurs.
- Fossils of the creature must have been found in AfricaAfricaAfrica is the world's second largest and second most populous continent, after Asia. At about 30.2 million km² including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of the Earth's total surface area and 20.4% of the total land area...
. - This list is a complement to :Category:Dinosaurs of Africa.