List of Australian penal colonies - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The following is a list of Australian penal colonies
Penal colony
A penal colony is a settlement used to exile prisoners and separate them from the general populace by placing them in a remote location, often an island or distant colonial territory...

.

Colony	State	Year opened	Year closed
Cockatoo Island Cockatoo Island, New South Wales Cockatoo Island is the largest island in Sydney Harbour in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Located at the junction of the Parramatta and Lane Cove rivers, Cockatoo Island is a former imperial prison, industrial school, reformatory and gaol. It was also the site of one of Australia's biggest...	New South Wales	1839	1869
Rose Hill Rose Hill, New South Wales Founded on the 2 November 1788, Rose Hill in New South Wales was the first inland colonial settlement, established by Governor Phillip. On the King's Birthday in 1791 it was renamed to become the town of Parramatta, after the indigenous Aborigines of the region, the Burramatta people, a clan of...	New South Wales	1788
Sydney Cove Sydney Cove Sydney Cove is a small bay on the southern shore of Port Jackson , on the coast of the state of New South Wales, Australia....	New South Wales	1788
Moreton Bay Moreton Bay Moreton Bay is a bay on the eastern coast of Australia 45 km from Brisbane, Queensland. It is one of Queensland's most important coastal resources...	Queensland	1824
Redcliffe Redcliffe, Queensland Redcliffe is a residential suburb of the Moreton Bay Region in the north-east of the Redcliffe peninsula, approximately north-northeast of Brisbane, the state capital of Queensland, Australia...	Queensland	1823	1824
Maria Island Maria Island Maria Island is a mountainous island off the east coast of Tasmania. The entire island is a national park. Maria Island National Park has a total area of 115.50 km², which includes a marine area of 18.78 km² off the island's northwest coast. The island is about 20 km in length from...	Tasmania (Van Diemen's Land)	1825	1851
Port Arthur Port Arthur, Tasmania Port Arthur is a small town and former convict settlement on the Tasman Peninsula, in Tasmania, Australia. Port Arthur is one of Australia's most significant heritage areas and the open air museum is officially Tasmania's top tourist attraction. It is located approximately 60 km south east of...	Tasmania (Van Diemen's Land)
Richmond Richmond, Tasmania Richmond is a town in Tasmania about 25 km north-east of Hobart, in the Coal River region, between the Midland Highway and Tasman Highway. At the 2006 census, Richmond had a population of 880....	Tasmania (Van Diemen's Land)
Risdon Cove Risdon Cove Risdon Cove was the site of the first British settlement in Van Diemen's Land, now Tasmania, the smallest Australian state. Risdon Cove, which was named after William Bellamy Risdon, second officer of the ship Duke of Clarence. Risdon served under Lt...	Tasmania (Van Diemen's Land)
Sarah Island Sarah Island Sarah Island may refer to:Sarah Island , an island in the U.S. state of MassachusettsSarah Island , the remnant site of the Macquarie Harbour Penal Station in Van Diemen's Land in Australia... , part of the Macquarie Harbour Penal Station Macquarie Harbour Penal Station The Macquarie Harbour Penal Station was a notorious British penal settlement established on Sarah Island in the southern portion of Macquarie Harbour in what was Van Diemen's Land in , Australia....	Tasmania (Van Diemen's Land)
Saltwater River Saltwater River, Tasmania Saltwater River is a former penal colony on the Tasman Peninsula in Tasmania, Australia. It is located 23 kilometres from Port Arthur, and 106 kilometres from Hobart. At the 2006 census, Saltwater River had a population of 156.The Saltwater River area contained two penal settlements...	Tasmania (Van Diemen's Land)
Sullivan's Cove	Tasmania (Van Diemen's Land)
Swan River Colony Swan River Colony The Swan River Colony was a British settlement established in 1829 on the Swan River, in Western Australia. The name was a pars pro toto for Western Australia. In 1832, the colony was officially renamed Western Australia, when the colony's founding Lieutenant-Governor, Captain James Stirling,...	Western Australia
Norfolk Island Norfolk Island Norfolk Island is a small island in the Pacific Ocean located between Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia. The island is part of the Commonwealth of Australia, but it enjoys a large degree of self-governance...	Other

See also