List of Bilderberg attendees
Encyclopedia
The following is a list of prominent persons who have attended one or more conferences organized by the Bilderberg Group
Bilderberg Group
The Bilderberg Group, Bilderberg conference, or Bilderberg Club is an annual, unofficial, invitation-only conference of approximately 120 to 140 guests from North America and Western Europe, most of whom are people of influence. About one-third are from government and politics, and two-thirds from...

. The list is currently organized by category. It is not a complete list and it includes both living and deceased people. Where known, the year(s) they attended are denoted in brackets.

Royalty

  • Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands
    Beatrix of the Netherlands
    Beatrix is the Queen regnant of the Kingdom of the Netherlands comprising the Netherlands, Curaçao, Sint Maarten, and Aruba. She is the first daughter of Queen Juliana of the Netherlands and Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld. She studied law at Leiden University...

     (1997, 2000, 2006, 2008–2011)
  • Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands (1954, 1975) (deceased)
  • Prince Charles, Prince of Wales
    Prince of Wales
    Prince of Wales is a title traditionally granted to the heir apparent to the reigning monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the 15 other independent Commonwealth realms...

    , United Kingdom (1986)
  • Juan Carlos I of Spain
    Juan Carlos I of Spain
    Juan Carlos I |Italy]]) is the reigning King of Spain.On 22 November 1975, two days after the death of General Francisco Franco, Juan Carlos was designated king according to the law of succession promulgated by Franco. Spain had no monarch for 38 years in 1969 when Franco named Juan Carlos as the...

    , King of Spain
    Spanish monarchy
    The Monarchy of Spain, constitutionally referred to as The Crown and commonly referred to as the Spanish monarchy or Hispanic Monarchy, is a constitutional institution and an historic office of Spain...

     (2004)
  • Prince Philippe, Prince of Belgium (2007–2009)
  • Prince Phillip, Duke of Edinburgh
    Duke of Edinburgh
    The Duke of Edinburgh is a British royal title, named after the city of Edinburgh, Scotland, which has been conferred upon members of the British royal family only four times times since its creation in 1726...

    , United Kingdom (1965, 1967)
  • Queen Sofía of Spain
    Queen Sofía of Spain
    Queen Sofía of Spain is the wife of King Juan Carlos I of Spain.-Early life and family:Princess Sophia of Greece and Denmark was born in Psychiko, Athens, Greece on 2 November 1938, the eldest child of the King Paul of Greece and his wife, Queen Frederika , a former princess of Hanover...

     (2008–2010)
  • King Harald V of Norway  (1984)

Austria

  • Werner Faymann
    Werner Faymann
    Werner Faymann is Chancellor of Austria and chairman of the Social Democratic Party SPÖ .-Background and earlier career:Born in Vienna, Austria, he studied law at the University of Vienna for two years but did not graduate....

     (2009), Chancellor 2008–present
  • Heinz Fischer
    Heinz Fischer
    Heinz Fischer GColIH is the President of Austria. He took office on 8 July 2004 and was re-elected for a second and last term on 25 April 2010. Before he took office, Fischer was a member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria...

     (2010), Federal President 2004–present

Canada

  • Pierre Elliott Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada
    Prime Minister of Canada
    The Prime Minister of Canada is the primary minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus head of government for Canada, charged with advising the Canadian monarch or viceroy on the exercise of the executive powers vested in them by the constitution...

    , 1968–1979, 1980–1984
  • Jean Chrétien
    Jean Chrétien
    Joseph Jacques Jean Chrétien , known commonly as Jean Chrétien is a former Canadian politician who was the 20th Prime Minister of Canada. He served in the position for over ten years, from November 4, 1993 to December 12, 2003....

     (1996), Prime Minister of Canada
    Prime Minister of Canada
    The Prime Minister of Canada is the primary minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus head of government for Canada, charged with advising the Canadian monarch or viceroy on the exercise of the executive powers vested in them by the constitution...

    , 1993–2003
  • Stephen Harper
    Stephen Harper
    Stephen Joseph Harper is the 22nd and current Prime Minister of Canada and leader of the Conservative Party. Harper became prime minister when his party formed a minority government after the 2006 federal election...

     (2003), Prime Minister of Canada
    Prime Minister of Canada
    The Prime Minister of Canada is the primary minister of the Crown, chairman of the Cabinet, and thus head of government for Canada, charged with advising the Canadian monarch or viceroy on the exercise of the executive powers vested in them by the constitution...

    , 2006-current
  • Mike Harris
    Mike Harris
    Michael Deane "Mike" Harris was the 22nd Premier of Ontario from June 26, 1995 to April 15, 2002. He is most noted for the "Common Sense Revolution", his Progressive Conservative government's program of deficit reduction in combination with lower taxes and cuts to government...

    , Premier of Ontario
    Premier of Ontario
    The Premier of Ontario is the first Minister of the Crown for the Canadian province of Ontario. The Premier is appointed as the province's head of government by the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario, and presides over the Executive council, or Cabinet. The Executive Council Act The Premier of Ontario...

     1995-2002
  • Bernard Lord
    Bernard Lord
    Bernard Lord, ONB, QC, is a Canadian politician and lobbyist. Lord served as the 30th Premier of New Brunswick from 1999 to 2006.-Early life:...

    , Premier of New Brunswick
    Premier of New Brunswick
    The Premier of New Brunswick is the first minister for the Canadian province of New Brunswick. They are the province's head of government and de facto chief executive....

     1999-2006
  • Paul Martin
    Paul Martin
    Paul Edgar Philippe Martin, PC , also known as Paul Martin, Jr. is a Canadian politician who was the 21st Prime Minister of Canada, as well as leader of the Liberal Party of Canada....

     (1996), Prime Minister of Canada, 2003–2006
  • Frank McKenna
    Frank McKenna
    Francis Joseph "Frank" McKenna, PC, OC, ONB, QC is a Canadian businessman and former politician and diplomat. He is currently Deputy Chairman of the Toronto-Dominion Bank. He served as Canadian Ambassador to the United States from 2005 to 2006...

     (2006, 2010), Deputy Chair of TD Bank Financial Group, Canadian Ambassador to the United States 2005-2006, Premier of New Brunswick
    Premier of New Brunswick
    The Premier of New Brunswick is the first minister for the Canadian province of New Brunswick. They are the province's head of government and de facto chief executive....

     1987-1997
  • Gordon Campbell (2010), Premier of British Columbia
    Premier of British Columbia
    The Premier of British Columbia is the first minister, head of government, and de facto chief executive for the Canadian province of British Columbia. Until the early 1970s the title Prime Minister of British Columbia was often used...

    , 2001–2011
  • Heather Reisman
    Heather Reisman
    Heather Reisman is a Canadian businesswoman. Reisman is the founder and chief executive of the Canadian retail chain Indigo Books and Music. Previously, she was president of Cott Corporation, a leading supplier of private label carbonated soft drinks.Reisman is married to Gerald Schwartz,...

     2000–Present, CEO of Chapters/Indigo, Co-Founder of the Heseg Foundation, Bilderburg Steering Committee member

Kholod Ivan

China

  • Fu Ying
    Fu Ying
    Fu Ying has been serving as vice foreign minister of People's Republic of China after served as the Chinese ambassador to the United Kingdom from March 2007 to 2009. From 2004 to 2007 she was the ambassador to Australia...

     (2011), Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs, former Ambassador to the UK and Australia

Finland

  • Eero Heinäluoma
    Eero Heinäluoma
    Eero Olavi Heinäluoma is the current Speaker of the Parliament of Finland. A former chairman of the Finnish Social Democratic Party, he was replaced in the party's leadership by Jutta Urpilainen in June 2008....

     (2006), former chairman of the Social Democratic Party
    Social Democratic Party of Finland
    The Social Democratic Party of Finland is one of the three major political parties in Finland, along with the Centre Party and the National Coalition Party. Jutta Urpilainen is the current SDP leader. The party has been in the Finnish government cabinet for long periods and has set many...

     and he was the Minister of Finance
    Minister of Finance (Finland)
    The Minister of Finance of Finland handles the Finance of Finland and all other matters covered by the Ministry of Finance...

     between 2005 and 2007
  • Jyrki Katainen
    Jyrki Katainen
    Jyrki Tapani Katainen is the Prime Minister of Finland and chairman of the country's largest party, the National Coalition Party.-Career:...

     (2007, 2009), chairman of the National Coalition Party and the current Minister of Finance
    Minister of Finance (Finland)
    The Minister of Finance of Finland handles the Finance of Finland and all other matters covered by the Ministry of Finance...

     and Deputy Prime Minister
    Deputy Prime Minister of Finland
    The Deputy Prime Minister of Finland is a member of the Council of State who becomes the acting Prime Minister when the actual Prime Minister is temporarily unable to discharge his or her duties. The Deputy Prime Minister is appointed by the Council of State and traditionally comes from the second...

  • Sauli Niinistö
    Sauli Niinistö
    Sauli Väinämö Niinistö is a Finnish politician from National Coalition Party. He is also President of the Football Association of Finland. A lawyer by training, he was Minister of Finance from 1996 to 2003 and the National Coalition Party candidate in the 2006 presidential election...

     (1997), former Minister of Finance
    Minister of Finance (Finland)
    The Minister of Finance of Finland handles the Finance of Finland and all other matters covered by the Ministry of Finance...

    , former Speaker of the Parliament
  • Matti Vanhanen
    Matti Vanhanen
    Matti Taneli Vanhanen is a Finnish politician. He is a former Prime Minister of Finland and a former Chairman of the Centre Party. In the second half of 2006 he was President of the European Council. In his earlier career he was a journalist...

     (2009), former Prime Minister
    Prime Minister of Finland
    The Prime Minister is the Head of Government of Finland. The Prime Minister is appointed by the President, who is the Head of State. The current Prime Minister is Jyrki Katainen of the National Coalition Party.-Overview:...

    , former chairman of Centre Party
    Centre Party (Finland)
    The Centre Party is a centrist and Nordic agrarian political party in Finland. It is one of the four largest political parties in the country, along with the Social Democratic Party , the National Coalition Party and the True Finns , and currently has 35 seats in the Finnish Parliament...


France

  • Gaston Defferre
    Gaston Defferre
    Gaston Defferre was a French socialist politician.-Biography:Lawyer and member of the French Section of the Workers' International political party, he was a member of the Brutus Network, a Resistance Socialist group during World War II...

     (1964), member of National Assembly and mayor of Marseille
    Marseille
    Marseille , known in antiquity as Massalia , is the second largest city in France, after Paris, with a population of 852,395 within its administrative limits on a land area of . The urban area of Marseille extends beyond the city limits with a population of over 1,420,000 on an area of...

     (at the time) (deceased)
  • Georges Pompidou
    Georges Pompidou
    Georges Jean Raymond Pompidou was a French politician. He was Prime Minister of France from 1962 to 1968, holding the longest tenure in this position, and later President of the French Republic from 1969 until his death in 1974.-Biography:...

    , Former Prime Minister of France
    Prime Minister of France
    The Prime Minister of France in the Fifth Republic is the head of government and of the Council of Ministers of France. The head of state is the President of the French Republic...

    , Former President of the French Republic
    President of the French Republic
    The President of the French Republic colloquially referred to in English as the President of France, is France's elected Head of State....

     (deceased)

Germany

  • Guido Westerwelle
    Guido Westerwelle
    Guido Westerwelle [] is a German liberal politician, who, since 28 October 2009, has been serving as the Foreign Minister in the second cabinet of Chancellor Angela Merkel, and who was Vice Chancellor of Germany from 2009 to 2011. He is the first openly gay person to hold either of those positions...

     (2007), Chairman of the Free Democratic Party of Germany and Minister of Foreign Affairs
    Foreign Minister of Germany
    The Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs is the head of the Federal Foreign Office and a member of the Cabinet of Germany. The current office holder is Guido Westerwelle...

     of Germany.
  • Helmut Schmidt
    Helmut Schmidt
    Helmut Heinrich Waldemar Schmidt is a German Social Democratic politician who served as Chancellor of West Germany from 1974 to 1982. Prior to becoming chancellor, he had served as Minister of Defence and Minister of Finance. He had also served briefly as Minister of Economics and as acting...

    , West German Chancellor
    Chancellor of Germany
    The Chancellor of Germany is, under the German 1949 constitution, the head of government of Germany...


Iceland

  • Bjarni Benediktsson
    Bjarni Benediktsson
    Bjarni Benediktsson was Prime Minister of Iceland from 14 November 1963 to 10 July 1970. His father, Benedikt Sveinsson , was a leader in the independence movement in Iceland and a member of Althingi from 1908 to 1931.Bjarni studied constitutional law and became professor at the University of...

     (1965, 1967, 1970), Mayor of Reykjavík
    Reykjavík
    Reykjavík is the capital and largest city in Iceland.Its latitude at 64°08' N makes it the world's northernmost capital of a sovereign state. It is located in southwestern Iceland, on the southern shore of Faxaflói Bay...

     1940-47, Foreign Minister
    Minister for Foreign Affairs of Iceland
    The Icelandic Ministry for Foreign Affairs or the Icelandic Ministry for Foreign Affairs and External Trade is a cabinet-level ministry responsible for the country's foreign relations and defence...

     1947-55, editor of The Morning Paper
    Morgunblaðið
    Morgunblaðið is a newspaper published in Iceland, founded by Vilhjálmur Finsen & Olaf Björnsson, brother to the first president. The first issue, only eight pages long, was published on 2 November 1913. Six years later, in 1919, the corporation Árvakur bought out the company...

     1956-59, Minister of Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs 1959-63, Prime Minister
    Prime Minister of Iceland
    The Prime Minister of Iceland is Iceland's head of government. The prime minister is appointed formally by the President and exercises executive authority along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support....

     1963-70
  • Björn Bjarnason
    Björn Bjarnason
    Björn Bjarnason is an Icelandic politician. His father was Bjarni Benediktsson, Prime Minister of Iceland, Minister of Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs and Mayor of Reykjavík....

     (1974, 1977), Assistant editor of The Morning Paper
    Morgunblaðið
    Morgunblaðið is a newspaper published in Iceland, founded by Vilhjálmur Finsen & Olaf Björnsson, brother to the first president. The first issue, only eight pages long, was published on 2 November 1913. Six years later, in 1919, the corporation Árvakur bought out the company...

     1984-1991, Minister of Education 1995-2002, Minister of Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs 2003, 2009
  • Davíð Oddsson
    Davíð Oddsson
    Davíð Oddsson is an Icelandic politician and the longest-serving Prime Minister of Iceland, holding office from 1991 to 2004. He also served as Foreign Minister from 2004 to 2005. Previously, he was Mayor of Reykjavík from 1982 to 1991, and he chaired the board of governors of the Central Bank of...

     (ca. 1991-1999), Mayor of Reykjavík
    Reykjavík
    Reykjavík is the capital and largest city in Iceland.Its latitude at 64°08' N makes it the world's northernmost capital of a sovereign state. It is located in southwestern Iceland, on the southern shore of Faxaflói Bay...

     1982-1991, Prime Minister
    Prime Minister of Iceland
    The Prime Minister of Iceland is Iceland's head of government. The prime minister is appointed formally by the President and exercises executive authority along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support....

     1991-2004, Foreign Minister
    Minister for Foreign Affairs of Iceland
    The Icelandic Ministry for Foreign Affairs or the Icelandic Ministry for Foreign Affairs and External Trade is a cabinet-level ministry responsible for the country's foreign relations and defence...

     2004-2005, Central Bank
    Central Bank of Iceland
    The Central Bank of Iceland is the central bank or reserve bank of Iceland. It has served in this capacity since 1961, when it was created by an act of the Alþingi out of the central banking department of Landsbanki Íslands, which had had the sole right of note issuance since 1927 and had...

     governor 2005-2009, editor of The Morning Paper
    Morgunblaðið
    Morgunblaðið is a newspaper published in Iceland, founded by Vilhjálmur Finsen & Olaf Björnsson, brother to the first president. The first issue, only eight pages long, was published on 2 November 1913. Six years later, in 1919, the corporation Árvakur bought out the company...

     as of September 2009
  • Einar Benediktsson (ca. 1970), ambassador: OECD 1956-60, UK
    United Kingdom
    The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandIn the United Kingdom and Dependencies, other languages have been officially recognised as legitimate autochthonous languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages...

     1982-1986, European Union
    European Union
    The European Union is an economic and political union of 27 independent member states which are located primarily in Europe. The EU traces its origins from the European Coal and Steel Community and the European Economic Community , formed by six countries in 1958...

     et al. 1986-1991, NATO 1986-1990, United States
    United States
    The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

     et al. 1993-1997, etc.
  • Geir Haarde
    Geir Haarde
    Geir Hilmar Haarde was Prime Minister of Iceland from 15 June 2006 to 1 February 2009 and Chairman of the Icelandic Independence Party from 2005 to 2009. Geir initially led a coalition between his party and the Progressive Party...

    , Central Bank
    Central Bank of Iceland
    The Central Bank of Iceland is the central bank or reserve bank of Iceland. It has served in this capacity since 1961, when it was created by an act of the Alþingi out of the central banking department of Landsbanki Íslands, which had had the sole right of note issuance since 1927 and had...

     economist 1977-1983, member and chairman of the Parliament's Foreign Affairs Committee
    Foreign Affairs Committee (Iceland)
    The Foreign Affairs Committee is a standing committee of the Icelandic parliament....

     1991-1998, Minister of Finance 1998-2005, Foreign Minister
    Minister for Foreign Affairs of Iceland
    The Icelandic Ministry for Foreign Affairs or the Icelandic Ministry for Foreign Affairs and External Trade is a cabinet-level ministry responsible for the country's foreign relations and defence...

     2005-2006, Prime Minister
    Prime Minister of Iceland
    The Prime Minister of Iceland is Iceland's head of government. The prime minister is appointed formally by the President and exercises executive authority along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support....

     2006-2009
  • Geir Hallgrímsson
    Geir Hallgrímsson
    Geir Hallgrímsson was the 16th Prime Minister of Iceland for the Independence Party from 28 August 1974 to 1 September 1978. Geir was mayor of Reykjavík from 1959 to 1972. During his term as mayor he greatly expanded the city and improved the inner structure...

     (ca. 1974-1977, 1980), Mayor of Reykjavík
    Reykjavík
    Reykjavík is the capital and largest city in Iceland.Its latitude at 64°08' N makes it the world's northernmost capital of a sovereign state. It is located in southwestern Iceland, on the southern shore of Faxaflói Bay...

     1959-72, Prime Minister
    Prime Minister of Iceland
    The Prime Minister of Iceland is Iceland's head of government. The prime minister is appointed formally by the President and exercises executive authority along with the cabinet subject to parliamentary support....

     1974-78, Foreign Minister 1983-1986, Central Bank
    Central Bank of Iceland
    The Central Bank of Iceland is the central bank or reserve bank of Iceland. It has served in this capacity since 1961, when it was created by an act of the Alþingi out of the central banking department of Landsbanki Íslands, which had had the sole right of note issuance since 1927 and had...

     governor 1986-1990
  • Hörður Sigurgestsson, former CEO of shipping line Eimskip, former chairman and CFO of Icelandair
    Icelandair
    Icelandair ehf is the flag carrier airline of Iceland, based on the grounds of Reykjavík Airport in Reykjavík. It is part of the Icelandair Group and currently operates scheduled services to 31 cities in 13 countries on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean out of its hub at Keflavík International Airport...

  • Jón Sigurðsson (1993), IMF
    International Monetary Fund
    The International Monetary Fund is an organization of 187 countries, working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world...

     Board of Directors 1974-1987, Minister of Justice and Ecclesiastical Affairs 1987-88, Industry and Commerce 1988-93, Central Bank governor 1993-94, Nordic Investment Bank
    Nordic Investment Bank
    The Nordic Investment Bank is an international financial institution founded in the mid-1970s by the five Nordic countries: Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. In 2005, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania became members of the Bank. NIB’s headquarters are located in Helsinki, Finland...

     governor 1994-2005

Ireland

  • Garret FitzGerald
    Garret FitzGerald
    Garret FitzGerald was an Irish politician who was twice Taoiseach of Ireland, serving in office from July 1981 to February 1982 and again from December 1982 to March 1987. FitzGerald was elected to Seanad Éireann in 1965 and was subsequently elected to Dáil Éireann as a Fine Gael TD in 1969. He...

    , former Taoiseach
    Taoiseach
    The Taoiseach is the head of government or prime minister of Ireland. The Taoiseach is appointed by the President upon the nomination of Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas , and must, in order to remain in office, retain the support of a majority in the Dáil.The current Taoiseach is...

  • Paul Gallagher
    Paul Gallagher (barrister)
    Paul Gallagher was Attorney General of Ireland from his appointment by President Mary McAleese in 2007 until 9 March 2011. He succeeded Rory Brady and was succeeded by Máire Whelan....

    , Attorney General of Ireland.
  • Dermot Gleeson
    Dermot Gleeson
    Dermot Gleeson is a barrister, former Irish government advisor and businessman born in Cork, Ireland in 1949. He is married with four children and lives in Dublin....

    , former Attorney General of Ireland.
  • Michael McDowell
    Michael McDowell
    Michael McDowell is a Senior Counsel in the Bar Council of Ireland and a former politician. A grandson of Irish revolutionary Eoin MacNeill, McDowell was a founding member of the Progressive Democrats political party in the mid-1980s...

     (2007), former Minister for Justice, Equality and Law Reform
  • Peter Sutherland
    Peter Sutherland
    Peter Denis Sutherland, KCMG is an Irish international businessman and former Attorney General of Ireland, associated with the Fine Gael party . He is a barrister by profession, and is also Senior Counsel at the Irish Bar...

    , Director General of the WTO and former Attorney General of Ireland

Italy

  • Mario Monti
    Mario Monti
    Mario Monti is an Italian economist and academic who is Prime Minister of Italy, as well as Minister of Economy and Finance, since November 2011. Monti served as a European Commissioner from 1995 to 2004, with responsibility for the Internal Market, Services, Customs and Taxation from 1995 to 1999...

    , Economist and Prime Minister
  • Renato Ruggiero
    Renato Ruggiero
    Renato Ruggiero is an Italian politician. He has been director-general of the World Trade Organisation and was briefly the Italian Foreign Minister in 2001.-Biography:...

    , former WTO director, politician

Netherlands

  • Ruud Lubbers
    Ruud Lubbers
    Rudolphus Franciscus Marie "Ruud" Lubbers is a retired Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal . He served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from November 4, 1982 until August 22, 1994....

    , Former Prime Minister
  • Wim Kok
    Wim Kok
    Willem "Wim" Kok ; born September 29, 1938) is a retired Dutch politician of the Labour Party . He served as Prime Minister of the Netherlands from August 22, 1994 until July 22, 2002....

    , Former Prime Minister
  • Jan-Peter Balkenende, Former Prime Minister
  • Maxime Verhagen
    Maxime Verhagen
    Maxime Jacques Marcel Verhagen is a Dutch politician in the Christian Democratic Appeal party. He is the Minister of Economic Affairs, Agriculture and Innovation and Deputy Prime Minister since October 14, 2010 in the Cabinet Rutte.He previously served as a Member of the European Parliament for...

    , Minister
  • Max van der Stoel
    Max van der Stoel
    Max van der Stoel, KCMG was a Dutch politician and former Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Netherlands. He served as the first High Commissioner on National Minorities of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe....

    , Minister

Norway

  • Siv Jensen
    Siv Jensen
    Siv Jensen is a Norwegian conservative-liberal politician, and the current leader of the Progress Party. She was the Progress Party's candidate for Prime Minister in the 2009 parliamentary election.-Early and personal life:...

     (2006) Leader for The Norwegian political party, "Fremskrittspartiet". (Progress Party (Norway)
    Progress Party (Norway)
    The Progress Party is a political party in Norway which identifies as conservative liberal and libertarian. The media has described it as conservative and right-wing populist...

    )
  • Jens Stoltenberg
    Jens Stoltenberg
    is a Norwegian politician, leader of the Norwegian Labour Party and the current Prime Minister of Norway. Having assumed office on 17 October 2005, Stoltenberg previously served as Prime Minister from 2000 to 2001....

     (2002), current Prime Minister of Norway.
  • Kristin Clemet
    Kristin Clemet
    Kristin Clemet is a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party.She was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Oslo in 1989, but was not re-elected in 1993...

     (1999, 2008) Managing Director of the liberal and conservative think tank Civita, Former Minister of Education and Science.
  • Geir Lundestad
    Geir Lundestad
    Geir Lundestad is a Norwegian historian, who serves as the director of the Norwegian Nobel Institute. In this capacity, he also serves as the secretary of the Norwegian Nobel Committee. However, he is not a member of the committee itself....

     (2005) Director of the Norwegian Nobel institute and Secretary to The Nobel Peace Prize Committee.

Portugal

  • Francisco Pinto Balsemão
    Francisco Pinto Balsemão
    Francisco José Pereira Pinto Balsemão, GCC , is a former Prime Minister of Portugal, who served from 1981 to 1983.-Background:He is the son of Henrique Patrício de Balsemão and wife Maria Adelaide van Zeller de Castro Pereira , granddaughter in male line of an adulterine son of King Pedro...

     (1981, 1983–1985, 1987–2008), former Prime Minister of Portugal
    Prime Minister of Portugal
    Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...

    , 1981–1983 and CEO of Impresa
    Impresa
    Impresa is a Portuguese media conglomerate, headquartered in Paço de Arcos, in Oeiras municipality. It is the owner of SIC TV channel, and Expresso newspaper, among other leading media, like several magazine publications...

     media group
  • Manuel Pinho
    Manuel Pinho
    Manuel António Gomes de Almeida de Pinho is a Portuguese independent politician and economist.After a career in international institutions and in the private sector he served as Portugal's Minister of Economy and Innovation from 2005 until his resignation in July 2009...

     (2009), former Minister of Economy and Innovation
    Ministry of Economy and Innovation
    The Ministry of Economy, Innovation and Development , MEID, is a Portuguese government ministry.-External links:*...

  • José Sócrates
    José Sócrates
    José Sócrates Carvalho Pinto de Sousa, GCIH , commonly known by José Sócrates , is a Portuguese politician who was the Prime Minister of Portugal from 12 March 2005 to 21 June 2011....

     (2004), former Prime Minister of Portugal
    Prime Minister of Portugal
    Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...

  • José Pedro Aguiar-Branco
    José Pedro Aguiar-Branco
    -References:...

    , former Minister of Justice
    Ministry of Justice (Portugal)
    The Ministry of Justice is a Portuguese government ministry.-External links:**...

  • Santana Lopes (2004), former Prime Minister of Portugal
    Prime Minister of Portugal
    Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...

  • José Manuel Durão Barroso
    José Manuel Durão Barroso
    José Manuel Durão Barroso is a Portuguese politician. He is President of the European Commission, since 23 November 2004. He served as Prime Minister of Portugal from 6 April 2002 to 17 July 2004.-Academic career:...

     (1994, 2003, 2005), former Prime Minister of Portugal
    Prime Minister of Portugal
    Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...

     and Minister of Foreign Affairs
    Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Portugal)
    The Ministry of Foreign Affairs , MNE, is a Portuguese government ministry.-External links:*...

    , and current President of the European Commission
    President of the European Commission
    The President of the European Commission is the head of the European Commission ― the executive branch of the :European Union ― the most powerful officeholder in the EU. The President is responsible for allocating portfolios to members of the Commission and can reshuffle or dismiss them if needed...

  • Nuno Morais Sarmento, former Minister of Presidency and Minister of Parliament Affairs
  • António Costa
    António Costa
    António Luís dos Santos da Costa, GCIH is a Portuguese lawyer and politician, former Minister and current Mayor of Lisbon.-Political career:...

     (2008), former Minister of Interior
    Ministry of Interior (Portugal)
    The Ministry of the Internal Administration or MAI, is the Portuguese Government department responsible for the public security, the civil defense, the electoral administration, the road traffic safety and the immigration and refugee affairs.The MAI was created in 1736, by King John V of Portugal,...

     and current Mayor of Lisbon
  • Rui Rio
    Rui Rio
    Rui Fernando da Silva Rio, GCIH is a Portuguese politician and Mayor of Porto .Rio studied at the Colégio Alemão do Porto , and earned his degree in economics at the University of Porto...

     (2008), current Mayor
    Mayor
    In many countries, a Mayor is the highest ranking officer in the municipal government of a town or a large urban city....

     of Porto
    Porto
    Porto , also known as Oporto in English, is the second largest city in Portugal and one of the major urban areas in the Iberian Peninsula. Its administrative limits include a population of 237,559 inhabitants distributed within 15 civil parishes...

  • Manuela Ferreira Leite
    Manuela Ferreira Leite
    Maria Manuela Dias Ferreira Leite , commonly known as Manuela Ferreira Leite , is a Portuguese economist and politician.-Background:...

     (2009), former Minister of Education
    Ministry of Education (Portugal)
    The Ministry of Education , ME, is a Portuguese government ministry.-External links:*...

     and Minister of Finance and Public Administration
    Ministry of Finance and Public Administration
    The Ministry of Finance and Public Administration , MFAP, commonly referred to as the Ministry of Finance is a Portuguese government ministry....

  • Augusto Santos Silva, former Minister of Education
    Ministry of Education (Portugal)
    The Ministry of Education , ME, is a Portuguese government ministry.-External links:*...

    , Minister of Culture
    Ministry of Culture (Portugal)
    The Ministry of Culture was a department of the Portuguese government, responsible for issues related to the Portuguese culture. The last minister was Gabriela Canavilhas. After the 2011 legislative elections the new government disestablished the ministry.-External links:*...

    , Minister of Parliament Affairs, and current Minister of National Defence
    Ministry of National Defence (Portugal)
    The Ministry of National Defence , MDN, is a Portuguese government ministry.-External links:*...

  • Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
    Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
    Marcelo Nuno Duarte Rebelo de Sousa, ComSE, GCIH is a Portuguese politician and former Minister and Member of Parliament, law professor, former journalist, political analyst and pundit.-Background:...

     (1998), former Minister of Parliament Affairs
  • António Guterres
    António Guterres
    António Manuel de Oliveira Guterres, GCC is a Portuguese politician, a former prime minister and President of the Socialist International. Currently he is the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.-Early life:...

     (1994), former Prime Minister of Portugal
    Prime Minister of Portugal
    Prime Minister is the current title of the chief of the Portuguese Government. As chief executive, the Prime Minister coordinates the action of ministers, representing the Government from the other organs of state, accountable to Parliament and keeps the President informed...

    , former President of the Socialist International
    Socialist International
    The Socialist International is a worldwide organization of democratic socialist, social democratic and labour political parties. It was formed in 1951.- History :...

     and current United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
    United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
    The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees , also known as The UN Refugee Agency is a United Nations agency mandated to protect and support refugees at the request of a government or the UN itself and assists in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to...

  • Ferro Rodrigues
    Ferro Rodrigues
    Eduardo Luís Barreto Ferro Rodrigues is a Portuguese politician and economist.He was Minister for Social Security, and later for Public Works in the governments of António Guterres....

    , former Minister of Labour and Social Solidarity
    Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity
    The Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity , MTSS, is a Portuguese government ministry.-External links:*...

     and Minister of Public Works, Transport and Communications
    Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communications
    The Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communications , MOPTC, is a Portuguese government ministry. It has its head office in Lisbon....

  • Jorge Sampaio, former President of Portugal
    President of Portugal
    Portugal has been a republic since 1910, and since that time the head of state has been the president, whose official title is President of the Portuguese Republic ....

  • Luís Mira Amaral (1995), former Minister of Labour and Social Solidarity
    Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity
    The Ministry of Labour and Social Solidarity , MTSS, is a Portuguese government ministry.-External links:*...

    , chairman of Caixa Geral de Depósitos
    Caixa Geral de Depósitos
    Caixa Geral de Depósitos is a Portuguese state-owned banking corporation and the largest bank in Portugal.- History :*1876 — Caixa Geral de Depósitos was founded under the aegis of the Junta de Crédito Público....

     and CEO of Banco Português de Investimento
    Banco Português de Investimento
    Banco Português de Investimento is a major privately owned bank in Portugal. The bank's shares are listed in the Euronext Lisbon's PSI-20 stock index. It runs the banking business with companies, institutional and private clients. As Sociedade Portuguesa de Investimentos it was founded in 1981 by...

  • Vítor Constâncio
    Vitor Constâncio
    Vítor Manuel Ribeiro Constâncio, GCC, GCIH is a Portuguese economist and politician, Vice-President of the European Central Bank. Constâncio graduated in economics from the Universidade Técnica de Lisboa....

     (1988), governor of the Banco de Portugal
    Banco de Portugal
    The Banco de Portugal is the central bank of the Republic of Portugal. Established by a royal charter of 19 November 1846 to act as a commercial bank and issuing bank, it came about as the result of a merger of the Banco de Lisboa and the Companhia de Confiança Nacional, an investment company...

  • Manuel Ferreira de Oliveira, CEO of Galp Energia
    Galp Energia
    The Galp Energia Group is a Portuguese corporation which consists of more than 100 companies engaged in activities such as natural gas supply, regasification, transport, storage, and distribution; petroleum products exploration, production, refining, trading, logistics and retailing; co-generation...

  • Ricardo Salgado, CEO of Banco Espírito Santo
    Banco Espírito Santo
    Banco Espírito Santo is a private Portuguese bank, based in Lisbon.The Banco Espírito Santo’s origins began with the lottery, currency exchange and securities business carried out by José Maria do Espírito Santo e Silva between 1869 and 1884...

  • Fernando Teixeira dos Santos
    Fernando Teixeira dos Santos
    Fernando Teixeira dos Santos , GOIH is a Portuguese economist and professor. He was Minister of Finance in the Portuguese Government led by José Sócrates .-Career:...

     (2010), former Minister of Finance
  • José Medeiros Ferreira (1977, 1980), former Minister of Foreign Affairs
    Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Portugal)
    The Ministry of Foreign Affairs , MNE, is a Portuguese government ministry.-External links:*...

  • Joaquim Ferreira do Amaral (1999), former Minister of Public Works, Transport and Communications
    Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communications
    The Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communications , MOPTC, is a Portuguese government ministry. It has its head office in Lisbon....

  • António Miguel Morais Barreto (1992), former Minister of Agriculture, Rural Development and Fisheries
    Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Fisheries
    The Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Fisheries , MADRP, is a Portuguese government ministry.-External links:*...

  • João Cravinho
    João Cravinho
    João Cardona Gomes Cravinho is a Portuguese politician. He served, among other positions, as member of the Portuguese Parliament , member of the European Parliament , and as the Portuguese Territory Administration Minister between 1995 and 1999. He is a member of the PS political party...

    , former Minister for Environment, Spatial Planning and Regional Development
    Ministry for Environment, Spatial Planning and Regional Development
    The Ministry for Environment and Spatial Planning or MAOTDR, is a Portuguese government ministry.-External links:*...

  • Artur Santos Silva, former vice-governor of the Banco de Portugal
    Banco de Portugal
    The Banco de Portugal is the central bank of the Republic of Portugal. Established by a royal charter of 19 November 1846 to act as a commercial bank and issuing bank, it came about as the result of a merger of the Banco de Lisboa and the Companhia de Confiança Nacional, an investment company...

    , chairman of Banco Português de Investimento
    Banco Português de Investimento
    Banco Português de Investimento is a major privately owned bank in Portugal. The bank's shares are listed in the Euronext Lisbon's PSI-20 stock index. It runs the banking business with companies, institutional and private clients. As Sociedade Portuguesa de Investimentos it was founded in 1981 by...

     and current non-executive chairman of Jerónimo Martins
    Jerónimo Martins
    Jerónimo Martins SGPS, SA is a Portugal-based company that operates in food distribution and consumer products manufacturing. The firm is the majority owner of Jerónimo Martins Retail , which operates the Pingo Doce super- and hypermarket chains in Portugal...

  • Francisco Luís Murteira Nabo, former chairman of Portugal Telecom
    Portugal Telecom
    Portugal Telecom is the largest telecommunications service provider in Portugal. Although it operates mainly in Portugal and Brazil, it has also a significant presence in Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, Mozambique, Timor-Leste, Angola, Kenya, the People's Republic of China, and São Tomé and...

    , Minister of Public Works, Transport and Communications
    Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communications
    The Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communications , MOPTC, is a Portuguese government ministry. It has its head office in Lisbon....

    , and current chairman of Galp Energia
    Galp Energia
    The Galp Energia Group is a Portuguese corporation which consists of more than 100 companies engaged in activities such as natural gas supply, regasification, transport, storage, and distribution; petroleum products exploration, production, refining, trading, logistics and retailing; co-generation...

     and president of the Portuguese Economists Association

Poland

  • Józef Retinger (1954 to 1960), Founder and secretary of Bilderberg Group (deceased)

Sweden

  • Carl Bildt
    Carl Bildt
    , Honorary KCMG is a Swedish politician, diplomat and nobleman. Formerly Prime Minister of Sweden from 1991 to 1994 and leader of the liberal conservative Moderate Party from 1986 to 1999, Bildt has served as Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs since 6 October 2006...

     (2006), (2008), (2009), Minister of Foreign Affairs 2006–
  • Anders Borg
    Anders Borg
    Anders Erik Borg is a Swedish economist and politician, currently serving as Minister for Finance in the Swedish government. He is a member of the Moderate Party.- Youth and education :...

     (2007), Minister of Finance 2006–
  • Thorbjörn Fälldin
    Thorbjörn Fälldin
    Thorbjörn Fälldin is a Swedish politician. He was Prime Minister of Sweden in three non-consecutive cabinets from 1976 to 1982, and leader of the Swedish Centre Party from 1971 to 1985...

     (1978), Prime Minister 1976–1978
  • Maud Olofsson
    Maud Olofsson
    Maud Elisabeth Olofsson is a Swedish politician, the former leader of the Centre Party of Sweden between 2001-2011, and the former Minister for Enterprise and Energy between 2006 and 2011...

     (2008), Minister of Industry 2006–2011
  • Fredrik Reinfeldt
    Fredrik Reinfeldt
    John Fredrik Reinfeldt is the Prime Minister of Sweden, leader of the liberal conservative Moderate Party and former President of the European Council...

     (2006), Prime Minister 2006–
  • Mona Sahlin
    Mona Sahlin
    Mona Ingeborg Sahlin is a Swedish politician and the former leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party.Sahlin has been a Member of Parliament, representing Stockholm County, from 1982 to 1996 and again since 2002. She has also held various ministerial posts in the Swedish government from 1990...

     (1996), Head of the Swedish social democratic party 2007–2011

United Kingdom

  • Rt Hon the Baroness Shirley Williams (at least 2010), stateswoman and member, House of Lords; Harvard University Professor; Past President, Chatham House; int'l member, Council on Foreign Relations.
  • Paddy Ashdown
    Paddy Ashdown
    Jeremy John Durham Ashdown, Baron Ashdown of Norton-sub-Hamdon, GCMG, KBE, PC , usually known as Paddy Ashdown, is a British politician and diplomat....

     (1989), former leader of Liberal Democrats
    Liberal Democrats
    The Liberal Democrats are a social liberal political party in the United Kingdom which supports constitutional and electoral reform, progressive taxation, wealth taxation, human rights laws, cultural liberalism, banking reform and civil liberties .The party was formed in 1988 by a merger of the...

    , High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina
    High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina
    The High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, with the Office of the High Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina, was created in 1995 immediately after the Dayton Peace Agreement to oversee the civilian implementation of this agreement. The High Representative and the OHR represent the...

  • Ed Balls
    Ed Balls
    Edward Michael Balls, known as Ed Balls, is a British Labour politician, who has been a Member of Parliament since 2005, currently for Morley and Outwood, and is the current Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer....

     (2006), former Economic Secretary to the Treasury
    Economic Secretary to the Treasury
    The Economic Secretary to the Treasury is the fifth most senior ministerial post in the UK Treasury, after the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Chief Secretary to the Treasury, the Paymaster-General and the Financial Secretary...

     and advisor to British Prime Minister Gordon Brown
    Gordon Brown
    James Gordon Brown is a British Labour Party politician who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Labour Party from 2007 until 2010. He previously served as Chancellor of the Exchequer in the Labour Government from 1997 to 2007...

     and was Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families
    Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families
    The Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families is a Cabinet minister in the United Kingdom. The post was created on 28 June 2007 after the disbanding of the Department for Education and Skills by Gordon Brown. The first Secretary of State was Ed Balls, a former treasury aide to Brown...

     (2007–2010)
  • Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington
    Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington
    Peter Alexander Rupert Carington, 6th Baron Carrington, is a British Conservative politician. He served as British Foreign Secretary between 1979 and 1982 and as the sixth Secretary General of NATO from 1984 to 1988. He is the last surviving member of the Cabinets of both Harold Macmillan and Sir...

     (Steering Committee member), former Foreign Secretary
    Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs
    The Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, commonly referred to as the Foreign Secretary, is a senior member of Her Majesty's Government heading the Foreign and Commonwealth Office and regarded as one of the Great Offices of State...

  • Kenneth Clarke
    Kenneth Clarke
    Kenneth Harry "Ken" Clarke, QC, MP is a British Conservative politician, currently Member of Parliament for Rushcliffe, Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice. He was first elected to Parliament in 1970; and appointed a minister in Edward Heath's government, in 1972, and is one of...

     (1993, 1998, 1999, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, Chancellor of the Exchequer
    Chancellor of the Exchequer
    The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all economic and financial matters. Often simply called the Chancellor, the office-holder controls HM Treasury and plays a role akin to the posts of Minister of Finance or Secretary of the...

     1993-1997, Shadow Secretary of State for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform 2008-2010, Lord Chancellor
    Lord Chancellor
    The Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, or Lord Chancellor, is a senior and important functionary in the government of the United Kingdom. He is the second highest ranking of the Great Officers of State, ranking only after the Lord High Steward. The Lord Chancellor is appointed by the Sovereign...

    , Secretary of State for Justice 2010-current
  • Robert Gascoyne-Cecil (Viscount Cranborne)
    Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 7th Marquess of Salisbury
    Robert Michael James Gascoyne-Cecil, 7th Marquess of Salisbury, PC, DL , is a British Conservative politician. During the 1990s, he was Leader of the House of Lords under his courtesy title of Viscount Cranborne...

     (1997), Leader of the House of Lords
    Leader of the House of Lords
    The Leader of the House of Lords is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom who is responsible for arranging government business in the House of Lords. The role is always held in combination with a formal Cabinet position, usually one of the sinecure offices of Lord President of the Council,...

     94-97
  • Denis Arthur Greenhill
    Denis Arthur Greenhill
    Sir Denis Arthur Greenhill, Baron Greenhill of Harrow, GCMG, OBE was the British Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs from 1969 to 1973; an established and respected expert on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, he had the dubious task of expelling 105 Russian diplomats and...

    , Lord Greenhill of Harrow (deceased) (1974),) former Head of Foreign and Commonwealth Office
    Foreign and Commonwealth Office
    The Foreign and Commonwealth Office, commonly called the Foreign Office or the FCO is a British government department responsible for promoting the interests of the United Kingdom overseas, created in 1968 by merging the Foreign Office and the Commonwealth Office.The head of the FCO is the...

  • Denis Healey
    Denis Healey
    Denis Winston Healey, Baron Healey CH, MBE, PC is a British Labour politician, who served as Secretary of State for Defence from 1964 to 1970 and Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1974 to 1979.-Early life:...

     (founder and Steering Committee member), former Chancellor of the Exchequer
    Chancellor of the Exchequer
    The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all economic and financial matters. Often simply called the Chancellor, the office-holder controls HM Treasury and plays a role akin to the posts of Minister of Finance or Secretary of the...

  • Peter Mandelson
    Peter Mandelson
    Peter Benjamin Mandelson, Baron Mandelson, PC is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament for Hartlepool from 1992 to 2004, served in a number of Cabinet positions under both Tony Blair and Gordon Brown, and was a European Commissioner...

     (1999, 2009 Business Secretary (2008–2010)
  • John Monks
    John Monks
    John Stephen Monks, Baron Monks is a member of the House of Lords and was the General Secretary of the Trades Union Congress in the UK from 1993 until 2003, when he became the General Secretary of the European Trade Union Confederation .-Early life:He attended Ducie Technical High School John...

     (1996), former TUC General Secretary
  • George Osborne
    George Osborne
    George Gideon Oliver Osborne, MP is a British Conservative politician. He is the Chancellor of the Exchequer of the United Kingdom, a role to which he was appointed in May 2010, and has been the Member of Parliament for Tatton since 2001.Osborne is part of the old Anglo-Irish aristocracy, known in...

     (2006, 2007, 2008 2009) Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer
    Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer
    The Shadow Chancellor of the Exchequer in the British Parliamentary system is the member of the Shadow Cabinet who is responsible for shadowing the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The title is in the gift of the Leader of the Opposition but is informal. The Shadow Chancellor has no constitutional...

     (2004–2010), Chancellor of the Exchequer
    Chancellor of the Exchequer
    The Chancellor of the Exchequer is the title held by the British Cabinet minister who is responsible for all economic and financial matters. Often simply called the Chancellor, the office-holder controls HM Treasury and plays a role akin to the posts of Minister of Finance or Secretary of the...

     2010-current
  • David Owen
    David Owen
    David Anthony Llewellyn Owen, Baron Owen CH PC FRCP is a British politician.Owen served as British Foreign Secretary from 1977 to 1979, the youngest person in over forty years to hold the post; he co-authored the failed Vance-Owen and Owen-Stoltenberg peace plans offered during the Bosnian War...

     (1982), former British Foreign Secretary and leader of the Social Democratic Party
  • Enoch Powell
    Enoch Powell
    John Enoch Powell, MBE was a British politician, classical scholar, poet, writer, and soldier. He served as a Conservative Party MP and Minister of Health . He attained most prominence in 1968, when he made the controversial Rivers of Blood speech in opposition to mass immigration from...

    , (deceased) (1968), MP and Ulster Unionist
  • Malcolm Rifkind
    Malcolm Rifkind
    Sir Malcolm Leslie Rifkind KCMG QC MP is a British Conservative Party politician and Member of Parliament for Kensington. He served in various roles as a cabinet minister under Prime Ministers Margaret Thatcher and John Major, including Secretary of State for Scotland , Defence Secretary and...

     (1996), former Foreign Secretary
  • Eric Roll
    Eric Roll
    Eric Roll, Baron Roll of Ipsden CB KCMG was an academic economist, public servant and banker. He was made a life peer in 1977....

     (1964, 1966, 1967, 1973–1975, 1977–1999) (Bilderberg Steering Committee), Department of Economic Affairs
    Federal Department of Economic Affairs
    The Federal Department of Economic Affairs is one of the seven departments of the federal government of Switzerland, headed by a member of the Swiss Federal Council.-Organisation:The Department is composed of the following offices:...

    , 1964, later Bilderberg Group Chairman
  • David Hannay, Baron Hannay of Chiswick
    David Hannay, Baron Hannay of Chiswick
    David Hugh Alexander Hannay, Baron Hannay of Chiswick, GCMG, CH is a British diplomat.He is married to Gillian Hannay and has four sons and eight grandchildren....

     (1995), Diplomatic posts at European Union and United Nations.
  • John Smith (1989) (deceased), Labour Party leader

Prime Ministers

  • Tony Blair
    Tony Blair
    Anthony Charles Lynton Blair is a former British Labour Party politician who served as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2 May 1997 to 27 June 2007. He was the Member of Parliament for Sedgefield from 1983 to 2007 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1994 to 2007...

     (1993), Prime Minister 1997-2007
  • Gordon Brown
    Gordon Brown
    James Gordon Brown is a British Labour Party politician who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Labour Party from 2007 until 2010. He previously served as Chancellor of the Exchequer in the Labour Government from 1997 to 2007...

     (1991), Prime Minister 2007- 2010
  • Edward Heath
    Edward Heath
    Sir Edward Richard George "Ted" Heath, KG, MBE, PC was a British Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and as Leader of the Conservative Party ....

    , Prime Minister 1970-1974
  • Alec Douglas-Home
    Alec Douglas-Home
    Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home, Baron Home of the Hirsel, KT, PC , known as The Earl of Home from 1951 to 1963 and as Sir Alec Douglas-Home from 1963 to 1974, was a British Conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from October 1963 to October 1964.He is the last...

     (1977–1980), Chairman of the Bilderberg Group, Prime Minister 1963-1964
  • Margaret Thatcher
    Margaret Thatcher
    Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher, was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1979 to 1990...

     (1975), Prime Minister 1979-1990

United States

  • Roger Altman
    Roger Altman
    Roger Charles Altman is an American investment banker, private equity investor and former United States Deputy Secretary of the Treasury who served under Bill Clinton.-Early life and career:...

     (2009), Deputy Treasury Secretary from 1993–1994, Founder and Chairman of Evercore Partners
    Evercore Partners
    Evercore Partners is an investment bank located in New York City. Evercore also has an investment management business through which the Company manages private equity and venture capital funds for institutional investors...

  • George W. Ball (1954, 1993), Under Secretary of State 1961-1968, Ambassador to U.N. 1968
  • Sandy Berger
    Sandy Berger
    Samuel Richard "Sandy" Berger was United States National Security Advisor, under President Bill Clinton from 1997 to 2001. In his position, he helped to formulate the foreign policy of the Clinton Administration...

     (1999), National Security Advisor
    National Security Advisor (United States)
    The Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, commonly referred to as the National Security Advisor , serves as the chief advisor to the President of the United States on national security issues...

    , 1997–2001
  • Timothy Geithner(2009), Treasury Secretary
    United States Secretary of the Treasury
    The Secretary of the Treasury of the United States is the head of the United States Department of the Treasury, which is concerned with financial and monetary matters, and, until 2003, also with some issues of national security and defense. This position in the Federal Government of the United...

  • Lee H. Hamilton
    Lee H. Hamilton
    Lee Herbert Hamilton is a former member of the United States House of Representatives and currently a member of the U.S. Homeland Security Advisory Council. A member of the Democratic Party, Hamilton represented the 9th congressional district of Indiana from 1965 to 1999...

     (1997), former US Congressman
    United States House of Representatives
    The United States House of Representatives is one of the two Houses of the United States Congress, the bicameral legislature which also includes the Senate.The composition and powers of the House are established in Article One of the Constitution...

  • Christian Herter
    Christian Herter
    Christian Archibald Herter was an American politician and statesman; 59th governor of Massachusetts from 1953 to 1957, and United States Secretary of State from 1959 to 1961.-Early life:...

    , (1961, 1963, 1964, 1966), 53rd United States Secretary of State
  • Charles Douglas Jackson
    Charles Douglas Jackson
    General Charles Douglas Jackson was an expert on psychological warfare who served in the Office of Strategic Services in World War II and later as Special Assistant to the President in the Eisenhower administration....

     (1957, 1958, 1960), Special Assistant to the President
  • Joseph E. Johnson
    Joseph E. Johnson
    Joseph Esrey Johnson was an American government official who served with both the United States Department of State and the United Nations....

     (1954), President Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
    Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
    The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace is a foreign-policy think tank based in Washington, D.C. The organization describes itself as being dedicated to advancing cooperation between nations and promoting active international engagement by the United States...

  • Henry Kissinger
    Henry Kissinger
    Heinz Alfred "Henry" Kissinger is a German-born American academic, political scientist, diplomat, and businessman. He is a recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize. He served as National Security Advisor and later concurrently as Secretary of State in the administrations of Presidents Richard Nixon and...

     (1957, 1964, 1966, 1971, 1973, 1974, 1977, 2008, 2009, 2011), 56th United States Secretary of State
  • Richard Perle
    Richard Perle
    Richard Norman Perle is an American political advisor, consultant, and lobbyist who began his career in government, a senior staff member to Senator Henry “Scoop” Jackson on the Senate Armed Services Committee in the 1970’s...

     (2011), Chairman of the Defense Policy Board Advisory Committee 2001–2003, United States Assistant Secretary of Defense 1981–1987
  • Colin Powell
    Colin Powell
    Colin Luther Powell is an American statesman and a retired four-star general in the United States Army. He was the 65th United States Secretary of State, serving under President George W. Bush from 2001 to 2005. He was the first African American to serve in that position. During his military...

     (1997), 65th United States Secretary of State
  • Lawrence Summers
    Lawrence Summers
    Lawrence Henry Summers is an American economist. He served as the 71st United States Secretary of the Treasury from 1999 to 2001 under President Bill Clinton. He was Director of the White House United States National Economic Council for President Barack Obama until November 2010.Summers is the...

    , Director of the National Economic Council
  • Paul Volcker
    Paul Volcker
    Paul Adolph Volcker, Jr. is an American economist. He was the Chairman of the Federal Reserve under United States Presidents Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan from August 1979 to August 1987. He is widely credited with ending the high levels of inflation seen in the United States in the 1970s and...

    , Chair of the President's Economic Recovery Advisory Board and Chairman of the Federal Reserve from 1979–1987

Presidents

  • Bill Clinton
    Bill Clinton
    William Jefferson "Bill" Clinton is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001. Inaugurated at age 46, he was the third-youngest president. He took office at the end of the Cold War, and was the first president of the baby boomer generation...

     (1991), President 1993-2001
  • Gerald Ford
    Gerald Ford
    Gerald Rudolph "Jerry" Ford, Jr. was the 38th President of the United States, serving from 1974 to 1977, and the 40th Vice President of the United States serving from 1973 to 1974...

     (1964, 1966), President 1974-1977

Senators

  • John Edwards
    John Edwards
    Johnny Reid "John" Edwards is an American politician, who served as a U.S. Senator from North Carolina. He was the Democratic nominee for Vice President in 2004, and was a candidate for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2004 and 2008.He defeated incumbent Republican Lauch Faircloth in...

     (2004), Senator from North Carolina
    North Carolina
    North Carolina is a state located in the southeastern United States. The state borders South Carolina and Georgia to the south, Tennessee to the west and Virginia to the north. North Carolina contains 100 counties. Its capital is Raleigh, and its largest city is Charlotte...

     1999-2005
  • Chuck Hagel
    Chuck Hagel
    Charles Timothy "Chuck" Hagel is a former United States Senator from Nebraska. A member of the Republican Party, he was first elected in 1996 and was reelected in 2002...

     (1999, 2000), Senator from Nebraska 1997-2009
  • Sam Nunn
    Sam Nunn
    Samuel Augustus Nunn, Jr. is an American lawyer and politician. Currently the co-chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Nuclear Threat Initiative , a charitable organization working to reduce the global threats from nuclear, biological and chemical weapons, Nunn served for 24 years as a...

     (1996, 1997), Senator from Georgia 1972-1997

Governors

  • Rick Perry
    Rick Perry
    James Richard "Rick" Perry is the 47th and current Governor of Texas. A Republican, Perry was elected Lieutenant Governor of Texas in 1998 and assumed the governorship in December 2000 when then-governor George W. Bush resigned to become President of the United States. Perry was elected to full...

     (2007), Governor of Texas
    Governor of Texas
    The governor of Texas is the head of the executive branch of Texas's government and the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces. The governor has the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Texas Legislature, and to convene the legislature...

     2000-current
  • Mark Sanford
    Mark Sanford
    Marshall Clement "Mark" Sanford Jr. is an American politician from South Carolina, who was the 115th Governor of South Carolina from 2003 to 2011....

     (2008), Governor of South Carolina
    Governor of South Carolina
    The Governor of the State of South Carolina is the head of state for the State of South Carolina. Under the South Carolina Constitution, the Governor is also the head of government, serving as the chief executive of the South Carolina executive branch. The Governor is the ex officio...


EU Commissioners

European Union Commissioners who have attended include:
  • Frederik Bolkestein (1996, 2003), former European Commissioner
  • Neelie Kroes
    Neelie Kroes
    Neelie Kroes is a Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy . She served as a Member of the House of Representatives from 3 August 1971 until 28 December 1977 when she became State Secretary for Transport, Public Works and Water Management from 28 December 1977 until 11...

     (2011), EU Commissioner
  • Pascal Lamy
    Pascal Lamy
    Pascal Lamy is the Director-General of the World Trade Organization, a French political advisor, a businessman, and a former European Commissioner for Trade...

     (2003, 2010), former European Commissioner for Trade, Director-General of the World Trade Organization 2005–present
  • Peter Mandelson
    Peter Mandelson
    Peter Benjamin Mandelson, Baron Mandelson, PC is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament for Hartlepool from 1992 to 2004, served in a number of Cabinet positions under both Tony Blair and Gordon Brown, and was a European Commissioner...

     (1999), (2009), former European Commissioner for Trade 2004-2008
  • Pedro Solbes
    Pedro Solbes
    Pedro Solbes Mira is a Spanish economist. While independent in the sense of not affiliated to any party, his various ministerial roles in Spain have always been within Socialist Workers' Party cabinets...

     (2010), former European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs, former Second Vice President of Spain, former Minister of Economy and Finance

Military

  • Colin Gubbins
    Colin Gubbins
    Major-General Sir Colin McVean Gubbins KCMG, DSO, MC was the prime mover of the Special Operations Executive in the Second World War....

     (1955, 1957, 1958, 1963, 1964, 1966), head of the British SOE (deceased)
  • Lyman Lemnitzer
    Lyman Lemnitzer
    Lyman Louis Lemnitzer was a United States Army General, who served as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff from 1960 to 1962. He then served as Supreme Allied Commander of NATO from 1963 to 1969.-Biography:...

     (1963), Supreme Allied Commander NATO 1963-1969 (deceased)
  • Alexander Haig
    Alexander Haig
    Alexander Meigs Haig, Jr. was a United States Army general who served as the United States Secretary of State under President Ronald Reagan and White House Chief of Staff under Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford...

     (1978), NATO Commander 1974-1979 (US Secretary of State 1981-1982) (deceased)
  • Jaap de Hoop Scheffer
    Jaap de Hoop Scheffer
    Jakob Gijsbert "Jaap" de Hoop Scheffer is a retired Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal . He served as the 11th Secretary General of NATO from January 5, 2004 until August 1, 2009....

     (2010), former Secretary General of NATO

Financial institutions

  • Ben Bernanke
    Ben Bernanke
    Ben Shalom Bernanke is an American economist, and the current Chairman of the Federal Reserve, the central bank of the United States. During his tenure as Chairman, Bernanke has overseen the response of the Federal Reserve to late-2000s financial crisis....

     (2008, 2009), Chairman of the Board of Governors of the United States Federal Reserve
  • Wim Duisenberg
    Wim Duisenberg
    Willem Frederik "Wim" Duisenberg was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party . He was the first President of the European Central Bank from 1 July 1998 until 31 October 2003. He was instrumental in the Introduction of the euro in the European Union in 2002. He was also credited for making numerous...

    , former European Central Bank President (deceased)
  • Gordon Richardson
    Gordon Richardson, Baron Richardson of Duntisbourne
    Gordon William Humphreys Richardson, Baron Richardson of Duntisbourne, KG, MBE, TD, PC, DL was a British banker, former lawyer, and former Governor of the Bank of England.-Biography:...

    ,(1966, 1975) former Governor of the Bank of England
    Governor of the Bank of England
    The Governor of the Bank of England is the most senior position in the Bank of England. It is nominally a civil service post, but the appointment tends to be from within the Bank, with the incumbent grooming his or her successor...

  • William J McDonough (1997), former President, Federal Reserve Bank of New York
    Federal Reserve Bank of New York
    The Federal Reserve Bank of New York is one of the 12 Federal Reserve Banks of the United States. It is located at 33 Liberty Street, New York, NY. It is responsible for the Second District of the Federal Reserve System, which encompasses New York state, the 12 northern counties of New Jersey,...

  • Antonio Nogueira Leite  (2011), Economist
  • Jean-Claude Trichet
    Jean-Claude Trichet
    Jean-Claude Trichet is a French civil servant who was the president of the European Central Bank, a position he held from 2003 to 2011. He is also a member of the Board of Directors of the Bank for International Settlements...

     (2009, 2010) President of the European Central Bank
    European Central Bank
    The European Central Bank is the institution of the European Union that administers the monetary policy of the 17 EU Eurozone member states. It is thus one of the world's most important central banks. The bank was established by the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1998, and is headquartered in Frankfurt,...

     2003-2011
  • Paul Volcker
    Paul Volcker
    Paul Adolph Volcker, Jr. is an American economist. He was the Chairman of the Federal Reserve under United States Presidents Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan from August 1979 to August 1987. He is widely credited with ending the high levels of inflation seen in the United States in the 1970s and...

     (1982, 1983, 1986, 1987, 1988, 1992, 1997), former Chairman of the Federal Reserve
    Chairman of the Federal Reserve
    The Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System is the head of the central banking system of the United States. Known colloquially as "Chairman of the Fed," or in market circles "Fed Chairman" or "Fed Chief"...

  • Siegmund Warburg
    Siegmund George Warburg
    Siegmund George Warburg was a member of the prominent Jewish-German-American-British Warburg family. He played a prominent role in the development of merchant banking.-Career:...

     (1977) (deceased)
  • Andreas Treichl (2009), CEO of Erste Bank
  • Rudolf Scholten (2010), Member of the Board of Executive Directors, Oesterreichische Kontrollbank AG
  • David Rockefeller, Sr.
    David Rockefeller
    David Rockefeller, Sr. is the current patriarch of the Rockefeller family. He is the youngest and only surviving child of John D. Rockefeller, Jr. and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, and the only surviving grandchild of oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller, founder of Standard Oil. His five siblings were...

     Former Chairman, Chase Manhattan Bank

Major corporations

  • Josef Ackermann (2009–2011), CEO of Deutsche Bank
    Deutsche Bank
    Deutsche Bank AG is a global financial service company with its headquarters in Frankfurt, Germany. It employs more than 100,000 people in over 70 countries, and has a large presence in Europe, the Americas, Asia Pacific and the emerging markets...

  • Marcus Agius
    Marcus Agius
    Marcus Ambrose Paul Agius is a British financier and businessman, currently the Chairman of Barclays. He has also been appointed the senior non-executive director on the BBC's new executive board.-Biography:...

    , Chairman of Barclays (2011)
  • Percy Barnevik
    Percy Barnevik
    Percy Nils Barnevik is a Swedish business executive, best known as CEO and later Chairman of Asea Brown Boveri 1988–2002, and for being the centre of a giant pension dispute that shook Sweden in 2003.-Background:...

     (1992–1996, 1997, 2001), former CEO of ASEA
    ASEA
    Allmänna Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget was a Swedish industry company. It merged with the Swiss Brown, Boveri & Cie in 1988 to form Asea Brown Boveri...

  • Franco Bernabè
    Franco Bernabè
    Franco Bernabè is an Italian banker and manager, currently the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of Telecom Italia, appointed on December 3, 2007....

     (2011), CEO of Telecom Italia
    Telecom Italia
    Telecom Italia is the largest Italian telecommunications company, also active in the media and manufacturing industries. Now a private concern listed on the Borsa Italiana, it was founded in 1994 by the merger of several state-owned telecommunications companies, the most important of which was...

  • Jeff Bezos
    Jeff Bezos
    Jeffrey Preston "Jeff" Bezos is the founder, president, chief executive officer , and chairman of the board of Amazon.com.-Early life and background:...

     (2011), Founder and CEO of Amazon.com
    Amazon.com
    Amazon.com, Inc. is a multinational electronic commerce company headquartered in Seattle, Washington, United States. It is the world's largest online retailer. Amazon has separate websites for the following countries: United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, Japan, and...

  • Michel Bon
    Michel Bon
    Michel Bon is a French businessman and politician born in 1943. He is a graduate of the ESSEC, of the Paris Institute of Political Studies, of the École nationale d'administration and of Stanford Business School....

    , former CEO of France Telecom
    France Télécom
    France Telecom S.A. is the main telecommunications company in France, the third-largest in Europe and one of the largest in the world. It currently employs about 180,000 people and has 192.7 million customers worldwide . In 2010 the group had revenue of €45.5 billion...

  • Lord Browne of Madingley
    John Browne, Baron Browne of Madingley
    Edmund John Philip Browne, Baron Browne of Madingley, FRS FREng is President of the Royal Academy of Engineering and was group Chief Executive of BP until his resignation on 1 May 2007...

     (1995, 1997, 2004), Chief Executive BP
    BP
    BP p.l.c. is a global oil and gas company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It is the third-largest energy company and fourth-largest company in the world measured by revenues and one of the six oil and gas "supermajors"...

  • Thomas Enders (2011), CEO of Airbus
    Airbus
    Airbus SAS is an aircraft manufacturing subsidiary of EADS, a European aerospace company. Based in Blagnac, France, surburb of Toulouse, and with significant activity across Europe, the company produces around half of the world's jet airliners....

  • Bill Gates
    Bill Gates
    William Henry "Bill" Gates III is an American business magnate, investor, philanthropist, and author. Gates is the former CEO and current chairman of Microsoft, the software company he founded with Paul Allen...

     (2010), Chairman of Microsoft
    Microsoft
    Microsoft Corporation is an American public multinational corporation headquartered in Redmond, Washington, USA that develops, manufactures, licenses, and supports a wide range of products and services predominantly related to computing through its various product divisions...

  • Donald E. Graham
    Donald E. Graham
    Donald E. Graham is chief executive officer and Chairman of The Washington Post Company. He is also the director and chairman of Facebook Inc.- Early life :...

     (2008–2010), CEO and Chairman of The Washington Post Company, Board of Directors for Facebook
    Facebook
    Facebook is a social networking service and website launched in February 2004, operated and privately owned by Facebook, Inc. , Facebook has more than 800 million active users. Users must register before using the site, after which they may create a personal profile, add other users as...

  • Louis V. Gerstner, Jr.
    Louis V. Gerstner, Jr.
    Louis V. Gerstner, Jr. KBE was chairman of the board and chief executive officer of IBM from April 1993 until 2002 when he retired as CEO in March and chairman in December. He is largely credited with turning around IBM's fortunes.He was formerly CEO of RJR Nabisco, and also held senior positions...

    ,
  • H. J. Heinz II
    H. J. Heinz II
    Henry John Heinz II , best known as Jack Heinz, was an American business executive and CEO of the H. J. Heinz Company based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA....

     (1954), CEO of H. J. Heinz Company
    H. J. Heinz Company
    The H. J. Heinz Company , commonly known as Heinz and famous for its "57 Varieties" slogan and its ketchup, is an American food company with world headquarters in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.Perhaps best known for its ketchup, the H.J...

  • Chris Hughes (2011), Co-founder of Facebook
    Facebook
    Facebook is a social networking service and website launched in February 2004, operated and privately owned by Facebook, Inc. , Facebook has more than 800 million active users. Users must register before using the site, after which they may create a personal profile, add other users as...

  • Klaus Kleinfeld
    Klaus Kleinfeld
    Klaus Kleinfeld is chief executive officer of Alcoa Inc., and former CEO of Siemens AG.In August 2007, Kleinfeld was appointed COO of Alcoa Inc....

     (2011), Chairman and CEO of Alcoa
    Alcoa
    Alcoa Inc. is the world's third largest producer of aluminum, behind Rio Tinto Alcan and Rusal. From its operational headquarters in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Alcoa conducts operations in 31 countries...

  • André Kudelski
    André Kudelski
    André Kudelski of a Polish father, is a Swiss engineer who is the Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of the Kudelski Group....

     (2011) Director of Nestlé
    Nestlé
    Nestlé S.A. is the world's largest food and nutrition company. Founded and headquartered in Vevey, Switzerland, Nestlé originated in a 1905 merger of the Anglo-Swiss Milk Company, established in 1867 by brothers George Page and Charles Page, and Farine Lactée Henri Nestlé, founded in 1866 by Henri...

    , CEO of the Kudelski Group
    Kudelski Group
    The Kudelski Group claims to be a "world leader in digital security and convergent media solutions" for the delivery of digital and interactive content...

  • André Lévy-Lang, former CEO of Paribas
  • Alexei Mordashov
    Alexei Mordashov
    Alexey Mordashov was born on 26 September 1965 in Cherepovets, Vologda Oblast. He is a Russian business oligarch and self-made billionaire...

     (2011), CEO of Severstal
    Severstal
    OAO Severstal Russian: Северсталь, "Northern Steel") is a Russian company mainly operating in the steel and mining industry, centred in the northern city of Cherepovets. Severstal is listed on the RTS and LSE. As of 2009, it is the largest steel company in Russia according to The Metal Bulletin....

  • Jorma Ollila
    Jorma Ollila
    Jorma Jaakko Ollila is the Chairman and former CEO of the Nokia Corporation and a Member of the Board of Directors of Ford Motor Company , UPM-Kymmene , and Otava Books and Magazines Group Ltd...

     (1997, 2005, 2008, 2011), Non-Executive Chairman of Royal Dutch Shell
    Royal Dutch Shell
    Royal Dutch Shell plc , commonly known as Shell, is a global oil and gas company headquartered in The Hague, Netherlands and with its registered office in London, United Kingdom. It is the fifth-largest company in the world according to a composite measure by Forbes magazine and one of the six...

     and Nokia Corporation
    Nokia
    Nokia Corporation is a Finnish multinational communications corporation that is headquartered in Keilaniemi, Espoo, a city neighbouring Finland's capital Helsinki...

  • Paul Rijkens  Former Chairman of Unilever
  • Eric Schmidt (2008, 2010, 2011), CEO and Chairman of Google
    Google
    Google Inc. is an American multinational public corporation invested in Internet search, cloud computing, and advertising technologies. Google hosts and develops a number of Internet-based services and products, and generates profit primarily from advertising through its AdWords program...

  • Jürgen E. Schrempp
    Jürgen E. Schrempp
    Jürgen Erich Schrempp was until December 31, 2005, the CEO of DaimlerChrysler, a German-American car and truck manufacturer. Following a decision of the board taken on July 28, 2005, he was succeeded on January 1, 2006, by Chrysler frontman Dieter Zetsche...

     (1994–1996, 1997), 1998, 1999, 2001–2005, 2006, 2007), former CEO of DaimlerChrysler
    DaimlerChrysler
    Daimler AG is a German car corporation. By unit sales, it is the thirteenth-largest car manufacturer and second-largest truck manufacturer in the world. In addition to automobiles, Daimler manufactures buses and provides financial services through its Daimler Financial Services arm...

  • Rolf Soiron (2011), CEO of Holcim Ltd.
  • Hans Stråberg (2006), CEO of Electrolux
    Electrolux
    The Electrolux Group is a Swedish appliance maker.As of 2010 the 2nd largest home appliance manufacturer in the world after Whirlpool, its products sell under a variety of brand names including its own and are primarily major appliances and vacuum cleaners...

  • Peter Sutherland
    Peter Sutherland
    Peter Denis Sutherland, KCMG is an Irish international businessman and former Attorney General of Ireland, associated with the Fine Gael party . He is a barrister by profession, and is also Senior Counsel at the Irish Bar...

     (1989–1996, 1997, 2005), former Chairman of BP
  • Martin Taylor
    Martin Taylor (businessman)
    Martin Taylor is a businessman and former chief executive of Barclays Bank. He is currently Chairman of Syngenta AG.-Career:He joined Reuters as a journalist in 1974, before moving to the Financial Times in 1978, where he edited the paper's Lex column.In 1984, he joined the board of Courtaulds,...

     (1993–1996, 1997), former CEO, Barclays
  • Otto Wolff von Amerongen
    Otto Wolff von Amerongen
    Otto Wolff von Amerongen was an influential German businessman, who chaired Otto Wolff AG, one of the largest trading groups in West Germany....

    , Chairman Otto Wolff GmbH.
    Otto Wolff AG
    Otto Wolff AG was a German steelmaker founded in Cologne by the industrialists Otto Wolff and Ottmar E. Strauß in 1904. One of the largest business in pre-war Germany, it exists today as an independent subsidiary of the ThyssenKrupp group.- History :...

  • Jacob Wallenberg (2006), Chairman of Investor AB
    Investor AB
    Investor AB is a Swedish investment company, founded in 1916 and still controlled by the Wallenberg family through their foundation asset management company FAM. The company owns a controlling stake in several large Swedish companies with smaller positions in a number of other firms. In 2006 it had...


University, institute and other academic

  • Richard Pipes
    Richard Pipes
    Richard Edgar Pipes is an American academic who specializes in Russian history, particularly with respect to the Soviet Union...

     (1981), Senior Staff Member, National Security Council
    United States National Security Council
    The White House National Security Council in the United States is the principal forum used by the President of the United States for considering national security and foreign policy matters with his senior national security advisors and Cabinet officials and is part of the Executive Office of the...

  • C. Fred Bergsten
    C. Fred Bergsten
    C. Fred Bergsten is an American economist, author, and political adviser. He has served as Assistant Secretary for International Affairs at the U.S. Treasury Department and has been director of the Peterson Institute for International Economics, formerly the Institute for International Economics,...

     (1971, 1974, 1984, 1997), President, Peterson Institute
  • Thierry de Montbrial
    Thierry de Montbrial
    Thierry de Montbrial is a French economics and international relations specialist and researcher.-Biography:He is the son of François de Montbrial, inspector-general of the Bank of France and Monique Lecuyer-Corthis. He married Marie-Christine de Montbrial in 1967, who is a movie producer and...

    , Director of the Institut Français des Relations Internationales
    Institut français des relations internationales
    L'Institut français des relations internationales is the main independent research and debate institution dedicated to international affairs, based in Paris, France....


Media

  • Nicolas Beytout, Editor of Le Figaro
    Le Figaro
    Le Figaro is a French daily newspaper founded in 1826 and published in Paris. It is one of three French newspapers of record, with Le Monde and Libération, and is the oldest newspaper in France. It is also the second-largest national newspaper in France after Le Parisien and before Le Monde, but...

     (France)
  • Conrad Black
    Conrad Black
    Conrad Moffat Black, Baron Black of Crossharbour, OC, KCSG, PC is a Canadian-born member of the British House of Lords, and a historian, columnist and publisher, who was for a time the third largest newspaper magnate in the world. Lord Black controlled Hollinger International, Inc...

     (1981, 1983, 1985–1996)(1997), Hollinger International, Inc.
    Sun-Times Media Group
    Sun-Times Media Group is a Chicago-based newspaper publisher. It is known for its prior association with controversial Canadian businessman Conrad Black.-History:...

  • William F. Buckley, Jr.
    William F. Buckley, Jr.
    William Frank Buckley, Jr. was an American conservative author and commentator. He founded the political magazine National Review in 1955, hosted 1,429 episodes of the television show Firing Line from 1966 until 1999, and was a nationally syndicated newspaper columnist. His writing was noted for...

     (1996), columnist and founder of National Review
    National Review
    National Review is a biweekly magazine founded by the late author William F. Buckley, Jr., in 1955 and based in New York City. It describes itself as "America's most widely read and influential magazine and web site for conservative news, commentary, and opinion."Although the print version of the...

     (deceased)
  • Will Hutton
    Will Hutton
    William Nicolas Hutton is an English writer, weekly columnist and former editor-in-chief for The Observer. He is currently Principal of Hertford College, Oxford and Chair of the Big Innovation Centre , an initiative from The Work Foundation , having been Chief Executive of The Work Foundation from...

     (1997), former CEO of The Work Foundation
    The Work Foundation
    The Work Foundation is a British not-for-profit organisation and independent authority providing advice, consultancy and research on the future of work, improving the quality of working life, leadership, economic and organisational effectiveness. The foundation works with government, business...

     and editor-in-chief for The Observer
    The Observer
    The Observer is a British newspaper, published on Sundays. In the same place on the political spectrum as its daily sister paper The Guardian, which acquired it in 1993, it takes a liberal or social democratic line on most issues. It is the world's oldest Sunday newspaper.-Origins:The first issue,...

  • Andrew Knight
    Andrew Knight
    Andrew Stephen Bower Knight is a journalist, editor, and director of News Corporation.-Career:He joined The Economist Magazine in 1966 on the international business and investment sections...

     (1996), journalist, editor, and media baron
  • George Stephanopoulos
    George Stephanopoulos
    George Robert Stephanopoulos is an American television journalist and a former political advisor.Stephanopoulos is most well known as the chief political correspondent for ABC News – the news division of the broadcast television network ABC – and a co-anchor of ABC News's morning news...

     (1996, 1997), Former Communications Director of the Clinton Administration (1993–1996), now ABC News
    ABC News
    ABC News is the news gathering and broadcasting division of American broadcast television network ABC, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company...

     Chief Washington Correspondent
  • Peter Mansbridge
    Peter Mansbridge
    Peter Mansbridge, OC , a Canadian broadcaster and news anchor, is the CBC News Chief Correspondent and anchor of The National, CBC Television's flagship nightly newscast. Mansbridge has received many awards and accolades for his journalistic work including an honorary doctorate from Mount Allison...

     (2010), Chief Correspondent, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
    Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
    The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, commonly known as CBC and officially as CBC/Radio-Canada, is a Canadian crown corporation that serves as the national public radio and television broadcaster...

  • Oscar Bronner
    Oscar Bronner
    Oscar Bronner, born 14 January 1943, is an Jewish Austrian newspaper publisher and painter.Bronner was born in Haifa, Israel the eldest son of Austrian cabaret artist Gerhard Bronner....

     (2010), Publisher and Editor, Der Standard
    Der Standard
    Der Standard is an Austrian national daily newspaper which is published in Vienna . It was founded by Oscar Bronner as a financial newspaper and the first edition was published on 1988-10-19...

  • Tøger Seidenfaden
    Tøger Seidenfaden
    Tøger Seidenfaden was a Danish journalist and political scientist, and, from 1993 until his death, editor-in-chief of the broadsheet newspaper Politiken. His father, Erik Seidenfaden, was also a journalist....

     (1999, 2001–03), editor-in-chief, Politiken
    Politiken
    Politiken is a Danish daily broadsheet newspaper, published by JP/Politikens Hus.The newspaper comes third among Danish newspapers in terms of both number of readers and circulated copies ....

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