List of Heaths, Wintergreens and Monotropes of Montana
Encyclopedia
There are at least 33 members of the Heaths, Wintergreens and Monotropes order: Ericales
found in Montana
. Some of these species are exotics
(not native to Montana) and some species have been designated as Species of Concern.
Ericales
The Ericales are a large and diverse order of dicotyledons, including for example tea, persimmon, blueberry, Brazil nut, and azalea. The order includes trees and bushes, lianas and herbaceous plants. Together with ordinary autophytic plants, the Ericales include chlorophyll-deficient...
found in Montana
Montana
Montana is a state in the Western United States. The western third of Montana contains numerous mountain ranges. Smaller, "island ranges" are found in the central third of the state, for a total of 77 named ranges of the Rocky Mountains. This geographical fact is reflected in the state's name,...
. Some of these species are exotics
Introduced species
An introduced species — or neozoon, alien, exotic, non-indigenous, or non-native species, or simply an introduction, is a species living outside its indigenous or native distributional range, and has arrived in an ecosystem or plant community by human activity, either deliberate or accidental...
(not native to Montana) and some species have been designated as Species of Concern.
- Alpine Bog LaurelKalmia microphyllaKalmia microphylla, known as alpine laurel, bog laurel, swamp-laurel, western bog-laurel or western laurel, is a species of Kalmia belonging to the Ericaceae family...
, Kalmia microphylla - Alpine Spicy WintergreenGaultheria humifusaGaultheria humifusa is a species of shrub in the heath family which is known by the common names alpine wintergreen and alpine spicy wintergreen. It is native to western North America, from British Columbia to California to Colorado, where it grows in moist subalpine mountain forests...
, Gaultheria humifusa - American Pinesap, Monotropa hypopithys
- Arctic Bell-heatherCassiope tetragonaCassiope tetragona is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely....
, Cassiope tetragona - BilberryVaccinium myrtillusVaccinium myrtillus is an almost Holarctic species of shrub with edible fruit, usually simply referred to as "bilberry" or "whortleberry". It is more precidely called Common Bilberry or Blue Whortleberry, to distinguish it from its Vaccinium relatives...
, Vaccinium myrtillus - Bog BlueberryVaccinium uliginosumVaccinium uliginosum is a flowering plant in the genus Vaccinium.-Distribution:Vaccinium uliginosum is native to cool temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, at low altitudes in the Arctic, and at high altitudes south to the Pyrenees, the Alps, and the Caucasus in Europe, the mountains of...
, Vaccinium uliginosum - CandystickAllotropa virgataAllotropa virgata is in the family Ericaceae and is the only species of the genus Allotropa. It is a perennial plant that gets its common names from the distinct white and red or maroon stripes along its erect peduncle. A...
, Allotropa virgata - Common HuckleberryVaccinium membranaceum- Geographic Distribution :Vaccinium membranaceum is a species within the group of Vaccinium commonly referred to as huckleberry. This particular species is known by the common names thinleaf huckleberry, tall huckleberry, big huckleberry, mountain huckleberry, square-twig blueberry, and as...
, Vaccinium membranaceum - Dwarf HuckleberryVaccinium cespitosumVaccinium cespitosum, , the dwarf bilberry, is a species of flowering shrub in the genus Vaccinium, which includes blueberries, huckleberries, and cranberries.-Range:...
, Vaccinium cespitosum - False HuckleberryMenziesia ferrugineaMenziesia ferruginea is a species of flowering plant in the heath family known by several common names, including rusty menziesia, false huckleberry, and mock azalea. It is native to northwestern North America from Alaska through the Pacific Northwest to Wyoming, where it is a member of the flora...
, Menziesia ferruginea - Giant Pinedrops, Pterospora andromedea
- Glandular Labrador-tea, Ledum glandulosum
- Green-flower WintergreenPyrola chloranthaPyrola chlorantha or Green-Flowered Wintergreen is a species of the plant genus Pyrola. It has a Circumboreal distribution and is found throughout the northern latitudes of Eurasia and North America....
, Pyrola chlorantha - Green-leaf ManzanitaArctostaphylos patulaArctostaphylos patula is a species of manzanita known by the common name greenleaf manzanita. This manzanita is native to western North America where it grows in coniferous forests at moderate to high elevations.-Description:...
, Arctostaphylos patula - Grouse WhortleberryVaccinium scopariumVaccinium scoparium is a species of huckleberry known by the common names grouse whortleberry, grouseberry, and littleleaf huckleberry. It is native to western North America from British Columbia and Alberta to far northern California to Colorado and New Mexico...
, Vaccinium scoparium - Hybrid Mountain-heath, Phyllodoce x intermedia
- Indian-pipeMonotropa unifloraMonotropa uniflora, also known as the Ghost Plant, Indian Pipe, or Corpse Plant is a herbaceous perennial plant, formerly classified in the family Monotropaceae, but now included within the Ericaceae. It is native to temperate regions of Asia, North America and northern South America, but with...
, Monotropa uniflora - KinnikinnickArctostaphylos uva-ursiArctostaphylos uva-ursi, with names for this species including Kinnikinnick and Pinemat manzanita, one of several related species referred to as Bearberry...
, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi - Lesser WintergreenPyrola minorPyrola minor, known by the common names snowline wintergreen, lesser wintergreen, and common wintergreen, is a plant species of the genus Pyrola. It has a Circumboreal distribution and can be found throughout the northern latitudes of Eurasia and North America.-External links:****...
, Pyrola minor - Little Prince's PineChimaphila menziesiiChimaphila menziesii is a species of perennial wildflower in the heath family known by the common name little prince's pine. This is a short flower with a slender reddish stem not exceeding 15 centimeters. The leaves are lance-shaped and a leathery rich green with light veins and tiny widely-spaced...
, Chimaphila menziesii - One-flower WintergreenMoneses unifloraMoneses uniflora Gray is a plant of the family of Ericaceae, that is indigenous to moist coniferous forests in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere from Spain to Japan and across North America...
, Moneses uniflora - One-side Wintergreen, Orthilia secunda
- Oval-leaf HuckleberryVaccinium ovalifoliumVaccinium ovalifolium is a plant found in coastal forests throughout southern Alaska and the Aleutian Islands.-Growth:...
, Vaccinium ovalifolium - Pink Mountain-heathPhyllodoce empetriformisPhyllodoce empetriformis is a low matting shrub with distinctive leaves which roll under themselves so tightly they resemble pine needles. It bears attractive flowers in shades of pink and purple. Phyllodoce empetriformis is found in mountainous regions of western North America.-External links:***...
, Phyllodoce empetriformis - Pink WintergreenPyrola asarifoliaPyrola asarifolia, commonly known as Bog Wintergreen, Liverleaf Wintergreen or Pink Wintergreen, is a plant species of the genus Pyrola native to western North America. It is found primarily on forest margins at mid latitude in the Pacific Northwest and northern California...
, Pyrola asarifolia - Prince's PineChimaphila umbellataChimaphila umbellata is a small perennial flowering plant found in dry woodlands, or sandy soils. It is native throughout the cool temperate Northern Hemisphere....
, Chimaphila umbellata - Slender WintergreenGaultheria ovatifoliaGaultheria ovatifolia is a species of shrub in the heath family which is known by the common names western teaberry and Oregon spicy wintergreen. It is native to western North America from British Columbia to California, where it grows in high mountain forests. This is a small, low shrub with stems...
, Gaultheria ovatifolia - Velvetleaf Blueberry, Vaccinium myrtilloides
- Western Bell-heatherCassiope mertensianaCassiope mertensiana is a species of flowering plant known by the common names western moss heather and white mountain heather. This heather is native to subalpine areas of western North America, from Alaska to the mountains of California. It is a small, branching shrub which forms patches along...
, Cassiope mertensiana - White Wintergreen, Pyrola elliptica
- White-flowered Rhododendron, Rhododendron albiflorum
- White-vein WintergreenPyrola pictaPyrola picta, commonly called white-veined wintergreen or whitevein shinleaf, is a perennial herb in the heath family. It is native to western North America from southwestern Canada to the southwestern United States.-External links:****...
, Pyrola picta - Yellow Mountain-heath, Phyllodoce glanduliflora