List of Human-powered aircraft
Encyclopedia
This is a list of Human-powered aircraft
{|class="wikitable sortable"
|- style="text-align:center; background:#d8edff;"
!Name
!Year
!Country
!class="unsortable" |Designer / Builder
!class="unsortable" |Notes
|-
||Abhilasha HPA|| 2009 || Netherlands || Jesse van Kuijk ||
|-
||Aerocicloplano|| 1906 ||Italy|| Aldo Corazzo ||
|-
||Aerocicloplano|| 1907 ||Italy|| Luigi Teichfuss ||
|-
||Airglow HPA|| 1990 ||Cambridge, UK|| John and Mark McIntyre ||
|-
||Bauer Bird|| 1973 ||USA|| Ted Bauer ||
|-
||Betterfly|| 2009 ||UK|| David Bardford ||
|-
||Bionic Bat|| 1983 ||California, USA|| Paul MacCready Jr. ||
|-
||Bird Ornithopter|| ||UK|| Bryn Bird || Two prototypes built, but record of any flights.
|-
| Bliesner 1 to 3 || 1978 || Seattle, USA || Wayne T. Bliesner || unsuccessful pre-cursors to Bliesners more successful efforts. No.3 crashed during towed flight attempts.
|-
|Bliesner 4|| 1979 || Seattle, USA || Wayne T. Bliesner || 100 yards
|-
|Bliesner 5|| 1980 || Seattle, USA || Wayne T. Bliesner || 1 mile, crashed during testing.
|-
|Bliesner 6|| 1980 || Seattle, USA || Wayne T. Bliesner || a few hops, crashed during testing.
|-
|Bliesner 7|| 1981 || Seattle USA || Wayne T. Bliesner || 300 yards
|-
||Boffin-Coffin|| 1988 || New Zealand || Walther || Flight trials were unsuccessful, eventually abandoned after persistent ground-handling damage and a violent gust of wind entering the hangar where the aircraft was stored.
|-
||BURD|| 1972 ||USA|| Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. MIT has five schools and one college, containing a total of 32 academic departments, with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological education and research.Founded in 1861 in...
|| 'Biplane Ultralight Research Device'
|-
||BURD II|| 1974–1976 ||USA|| Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. MIT has five schools and one college, containing a total of 32 academic departments, with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological education and research.Founded in 1861 in...
|| 'Biplane Ultralight Research Device II'
|-
|Chrysalis HPA|| 1979 || USA || Parks, Youngren & Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. MIT has five schools and one college, containing a total of 32 academic departments, with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological education and research.Founded in 1861 in...
|| 40 pilots, some inexperienced.
|-
||Cochkanoff HPA|| 1974 ||USSR / Russia|| Cochkanoff ||
|-
||Coolthrust HPA|| 2005 ||Japan|| Kyoto University || Flew over 18 km at the 2005 Birdman rally in Japan.
|-
||Czerwinski HPA|| 1967 ||Ottawa, Canada|| Czerwinski || A two-seater with twin propellers built in Ottawa, but no record of any flights.
|-
|Daedalus 87
MIT Daedalus
The MIT Aeronautics and Astronautics Department's Daedalus was a human-powered aircraft that, on 23 April 1988, flew a distance of 71.5 mi in 3 hours, 54 minutes, from Iraklion on the island of Crete to the island of Santorini...
|| 1987 Nov || USA || Drela / Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. MIT has five schools and one college, containing a total of 32 academic departments, with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological education and research.Founded in 1861 in...
|| MIT Daedalus Project.
|-
|Daedalus 88
MIT Daedalus
The MIT Aeronautics and Astronautics Department's Daedalus was a human-powered aircraft that, on 23 April 1988, flew a distance of 71.5 mi in 3 hours, 54 minutes, from Iraklion on the island of Crete to the island of Santorini...
|| 1988 Mar || USA || Drela / Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. MIT has five schools and one college, containing a total of 32 academic departments, with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological education and research.Founded in 1861 in...
|| MIT Daedalus Project.
|-
||Da Vinci II|| ||USA|| California Polytechnic State University
California Polytechnic State University
California Polytechnic State University, or Cal Poly, is a public university located in San Luis Obispo, California, United States. The university is one of two polytechnic campuses in the 23-member California State University system....
||
|-
||Da Vinci III|| 1989 ||USA|| California Polytechnic State University
California Polytechnic State University
California Polytechnic State University, or Cal Poly, is a public university located in San Luis Obispo, California, United States. The university is one of two polytechnic campuses in the 23-member California State University system....
|| - 8 second flight not controlled by pilot.
|-
|Dragonfly HPA|| 1975 || Prestwick Scotland || Roger Hardy || short flights
|-
||Dumbo-Mercury|| 1971 ||UK|| P.K. Green, W.F.Ball and M.J.Rudd / Weybridge MPAG || Originally nickname 'Dumbo' at Weybridge. When taken over by John Potter at RAF Cranwell, it was re-named Mercury.
|-
||DUT Icarus 001
DUT Icarus 001
The DUT Icarus 001 is a concept human powered aircraft, to be built from the cooperation between the Delft University of Technology and the Movement Science Faculty of the University of Maastricht....
|| || Netherlands || Delft University of Technology
Delft University of Technology
Delft University of Technology , also known as TU Delft, is the largest and oldest Dutch public technical university, located in Delft, Netherlands...
|| with the Movement Science Faculty of the University of Maastricht
|-
||Egret I|| 1973 || Japan || Kimura / Nihon University || 37 yards.
|-
||Egret 2|| 1974 ||Japan|| Kimura / Nihon University || 222 yards
|-
|Egret 3|| 1974 ||Japan|| Kimura / Nihon University ||
|-
||Farman Aviette HPA|| 1912 || France || ||
|-
||Flycycle|| 1974 || || ||
|-
||Frost Emmett HPA|| 1970s and 1984 || Auckland, New Zealand || John Frost / University of Auckland
University of Auckland
The University of Auckland is a university located in Auckland, New Zealand. It is the largest university in the country and the highest ranked in the 2011 QS World University Rankings, having been ranked worldwide...
||
|-
||Gamera HPH|| 1972 ||USA|| University of Maryland || Human Powered Helicopter
|-
||Gerhardt Cycleplane
Gerhardt Cycleplane
-External links:* at British Pathe...
|| 1923 ||Dayton, Ohio
Dayton, Ohio
Dayton is the 6th largest city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Montgomery County, the fifth most populous county in the state. The population was 141,527 at the 2010 census. The Dayton Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of 841,502 in the 2010 census...
, USA|| Flight Test Section at McCook Field
McCook Field
McCook Field was an airfield and aviation experimentation station operated by the Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps and its successor the United States Army Air Service from 1917-1927...
|| 20 feet (6.1 m) hop
|-
||Gossamer Albatross
Gossamer Albatross
-See also:-Further reading:*Allen, Bryan. Winged Victory of "Gossamer Albatross". National Geographic, November 1979, vol. 156, n. 5, p. 640-651...
|| 1978 ||California, USA|| Paul MacCready Jr. & Peter Lissamen. || Kremer Prize for first cross-channel flight.
|-
||Gossamer Condor (Pasadena version)|| 1976 ||Pasadena, California, USA|| Paul MacCready Jr. & Peter Lissamen. || One short hop only, in the car park of the Pasadena Rose Bowl.
|-
||Gossamer Condor (Mojave version)|| 1976 ||Mojave, California, USA|| Paul MacCready Jr. & Peter Lissamen. || (Mojave version)
|-
||Gossamer Condor (Shafter airport version)|| 1977, March ||California, USA|| Paul MacCready Jr. & Peter Lissamen. || Kremer Figure-Eight Prize 21 August 1977.
|-
||HV-1 Mufli|| 1935 ||Frankfurt, Germany|| Helmut Haessler & Villinger || MUSKELFLUG INSTITUT (Institute of Muscle-Powered-Flight)
This was set up in 1935, within the Gesellschaft Polytechnic, Frankfurt, director - Oskar Ursinus
Oskar Ursinus
Carl Oskar Ursinus was a pioneer of German aviation and is remembered mainly for his contributions to sailplane designs and the sport of gliding...
- 779 yards from bungee launch
|-
|HVS HPA|| 1982 || Germany || Hutter/Villinger/Schule || operated in 20 mph winds
|-
||Hardy HPA|| || || Roger Hardy ||
|-
||Hartman HPO|| 1958 || UK || Emiel hartman ||
|-
||Hill Flying Wing|| || || Hill ||
|-
||Hurel Aviette HPA|| 1974 || France || Maurice Hurel ||
|-
||Ibis HPA|| 1978 ||Japan|| Nihon University || further development of the Jupiter - Stork line.
|-
|Icarus HPA|| 1977 || California USA || Taras Kiceniuk || flights with towed launch
|-
||Jupiter HPA|| 1972 || UK || Christopher Roper || 1171 yards 30 lb payload
|-
||Kiceniuk Icarus|| 1977 ||USA|| Taras Kiceniuk ||
|-
||Linnet I|| 1966 ||Japan|| Prof. Kimura / Research Institute of Science and Technology, Nihon University || 47 yards height 9 feet.
|-
||Linnet II|| 1967 ||Japan|| Prof. Kimura / Research Institute of Science and Technology, Nihon University || 100 yards height 5 feet.
|-
||Linnet III|| 1970 ||Japan|| Prof. Kimura / Research Institute of Science and Technology, Nihon University || 34 yards
|-
||Linnet IV|| 1971 ||Japan|| Prof. Kimura / Research Institute of Science and Technology, Nihon University || 66 yards
|-
||Lippisch 1929 Man Powered Ornithopter|| 1929 ||Germany|| Alexander Lippisch || flown by Hans Werner Krause.
|-
||Liverpuffin|| 1972 ||UK|| Dr Keith Sherwin || Built from the remains of the Puffin II by students from Liverpool University led by Dr Keith Sherwin
|-
||Malliga HPA|| 1967 || Austria || Josef Malliga ||
|-
|Man-Eagle 1|| 1982 || Seattle USA || Wayne T. Bliesner || short flights a.k.a. 'Bliesner 8'
|-
|Man-Eagle 3|| 1983 || Seattle USA || Wayne T. Bliesner || Kremer Speed Course
|-
|Man-Eagle 4|| 1985 || Seattle USA || Wayne T. Bliesner ||
|-
|Maruoka Man-Powered Screw-Wing Machine|| 1902-3 || Tokyo, Japan || Katsura Maruoka ||
|-
|Mayfly
Mayfly
Mayflies are insects which belong to the Order Ephemeroptera . They have been placed into an ancient group of insects termed the Palaeoptera, which also contains dragonflies and damselflies...
|| 1985 || Essex, England || Brian Kerry ||
|-
||McAvoy MPA-1|| 1970 ||USA|| James M. McAvoy || Georgia Tech.
|-
|Michelob Light Eagle|| 1986 || USA || Drela / Massachusetts Institute of Technology || 37 miles. Onboard test equipment
|-
||Micron HPA|| 1976 || Nottingham England || Peter Wright ||
|-
|MiLan'81|| 1981 || Japan || Naito / Nihon University || 645 yards
|-
|MiLan'82|| 1982 || Japan || Naito / Nihon University || 1800 yards
|-
|Monarch A|| 1983 || USA || Drela / Massachusetts Institute of Technology || 29 Flights
|-
||Monarch B|| 1983 ||USA|| Drela / Massachusetts Institute of Technology || First Kremer Speed Prize
|-
||Mozi HPA|| 2009 || PRC || OXAI Aircraft Company / Mao Yiqing ||
|-
||Musculair I|| 1984 ||Munich Germany|| Günther Rochelt & Schoberl || Two different Prizes first passenger
|-
||Musculair II|| 1985 ||Munich Germany|| Günther Rochelt & Schoberl || Kremer Speed Prize
|-
||Newbury Manflier|| 1979 || Newbury, Berks, England || Nick Goodhart || PTwo seater with separate pods - pilot control tasks shared
|-
||Nieuport Aviette 1921|| 1921 || France || ||
|-
||Northrop Institute of Technology HPA|| 1972 || USA || Malcolm Smith / NIT ||two-seater - not completed
|-
||Pedaliante|| 1937 ||Italy|| Enea Bossi & Vittorio Bonomi || ? 40 unaided flights ?
|-
|Pelargos 2|| 1983, Dec || Mohlin Switzerland || Horlacher/Mohlin/Dubs ||1100 yards
|-
|Pelargos 3|| 1985, May || Mohlin Switzerland || Horlacher/Mohlin/Frank || 875 yards
|-
||Perkins Inflatable HPA||1959 || USA || Daniel Perkins || pre-cursors to the Reluctant Phoenix
|-
|Phillips Mk.1 HPA|| 1976 ? || Humberside England || Ron Phillips || First female pilot.
|-
|Phillips Mk.2 HPA|| 1976 ? || Humberside England || Ron Phillips || Two seater
|-
||Posniak HPA|| 1936 ||Italy|| B. Posniak ||
|-
||Poulain/Farman Aviette|| 1921 || France || Gabriel Poulain / Farman ||
|-
||Privett HPA|| ||USA|| Privett ||
|-
||PSU Zephyrus
PSU Zephyrus
|-See also:-References:Bramesfeld, G. and M. Maughmer, “The Penn State Sailplane Project - The First Decade”, Pennsylvania State University,20th AIAA Applied Aerodynamics Conference, St. Louis, Missouri, June 24-26, 2002....
|| ||USA|| Pennsylvania State University
Pennsylvania State University
The Pennsylvania State University, commonly referred to as Penn State or PSU, is a public research university with campuses and facilities throughout the state of Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1855, the university has a threefold mission of teaching, research, and public service...
||
|-
||Puffin 1|| 1961 ||UK|| Wimpenny, Vann & Hatfield Man Powered Aircraft Club || 993 yards
|-
||Puffin 2|| 1965 ||UK|| Wimpenny, Vann & Hatfield Man Powered Aircraft Club || 875 yards, height 17 feet, turns
|-
||Raven Project|| 2001 ||USA|| Paul Illian ||
|-
||Reluctant Phoenix|| 1950's and 60's ||RAE Cardington, UK|| Daniel Perkins || The culmination of Daniel Perkins attempts to build a viable inflatable man powered aircraft, flown inside the R100 airship hangars.
|-
||Rickman umbrella wing|| 1909 ||UK|| Rickman ||
|-
||Royal Spoonbill
Royal Spoonbill
The Royal Spoonbill, Platalea regia, also known as the Black-billed Spoonbill, occurs in intertidal flats and shallows of fresh and saltwater wetlands in Australia, New Zealand, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands. It has also been recorded as a vagrant in New Caledonia...
|| 1983 to 1987 ||RAE Cardington, UK|| Robert Le Johnno-Johnson / NZHPFG || Never completed due to a re-design after being vandalised.
|-
||Seehase MD-2|| 1937 ||Germany|| Hans Seehase ||
|-
||Singapore University Man powered Aircraft 1|| ||Singapore|| Singapore University students / Dr Keith Sherwin || Of the two projects only one flew.
|-
||Singapore University Man powered Aircraft 2|| ||Singapore|| Singapore University students / Dr Keith Sherwin || Of the two projects only one flew.
|-
||SM-OX|| 1969 ||Japan|| Sato Maeda || 31 yards height 6 feet
|-
||Snowbird HPO|| 2010 || Canada || University of Toronto ||
|-
||Stewart HPOs|| 1959 - || UK|| Alan Stewart || several unsuccessful human powered ornithopters built between 1959 and 1979
|-
|Stork A|| 1976 || Japan || J. Ishii / Nihon University || 651 yards - Re-designed Jupiter from the UK.
|-
|Stork B|| 1976 || Japan || J. Ishii / Nihon University || 2290 yards
|-
||SUMPAC
SUMPAC
-See also:-Bibliography:* Guttery, T.E. The Shuttleworth Collection. London: Wm. Carling & Co, 1969. SBN 901319-01-5*...
|| 1961 ||UK|| Ann Marsden, Alan Lassiere & David Williams / Southampton University Man powered Aircraft Committee || First independently observed unaided flight
|-
|Swift A|| || Japan || Naito / Nihon University ||
|-
|Swift B|| || Japan || Naito / Nihon University ||
|-
||To Phoenix Inflatable HPA|| 1982 ||UK|| Frederick E. To / Air-Plane Co. Ltd. ||
|-
||Toucan 1|| 1972 ||Radlett, Herts, England|| Pressnell / Hertfordshire Pedal Aeronauts || 2 seater - Bryan Bowen & Derek May
|-
|Toucan II|| 1974–1978 |||Radlett, Herts, England|| Pressnell / Hertfordshire Pedal Aeronauts ||
|-
||Ursinus 1925 HPA|| 1925 ||Germany|| Oskar Ursinus ||
|-
||Vélair 88|| 1988 || Stuttgart, Germany|| Peer Frank || 3390 yards
|-
||Vélair 89|| 1989 || Stuttgart, Germany|| Peer Frank || 3390 yards
|-
||Vertigo HPH|| 1987 || Yeovil, England || Andrew Cranfield || Human powered helicopter - short hops, but transmission problems slowed development.
|-
||Vine HPA|| 1962 ||South Africa || S.W. Vine || 200 yards - One flight only at Krugersdorp, Transvaal, South Africa
|-
|VMM HPA|| 1974 || Belgium || Verstralte/Masschelin/Masschelin || Heights of 15 ft at Calais-Marck airport due to Belgian authorities refusing permission to fly.
|-
||Wright HPA|| 1972 || Nottingham England || Peter Wright || 300 yards at 4 feet - elevator not used
|-
||Yuri I HPH|| 1994 ||Japan|| Nihon Aero Student Group (NASG) || Human powered helicopter
|-
||Zaschka Human-Power Aircraft|| 1934 ||Berlin, Germany|| Engelbert Zaschka
Engelbert Zaschka
Engelbert Zaschka was a German chief engineer, chief designer and inventor. Zaschka became one of the first German helicopter pioneers. He is a striking representative of the Rotationsflugzeug...
||
|-
||Zinno Olympian ZB-1|| 1976 || North Kingstown R.I. USA || Lt.Col. Joe Zinno, USAF (Ret.) || First controlled flight in Americas [Bernhard C. F. Klein, USA, millpab=aol.com, 05.07.2008
This pedalpowered "aircraft" was designed and built by Lt.Col. Zinno, USAF (Ret.) On his fourth try on April 21, 1976, at Quonset Point, RI., Joe Zinno barely got off the ground for a few seconds. The machine was damaged in a hangar by a gust of wind, coming in throgh the open door.]
|}
External links
- http://www.j2mcl-planeurs.net/dbj2mcl/planeurs-machines/planeurs-liste_complete.php
- http://www.propdesigner.co.uk/
- http://www.raes.org.uk/cmspage.asp?cmsitemid=SG_Hum_Pow_Home
- http://www.skytec-engineering.de/hpa.htm Vélair
- http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1314509/Human-powered-aircraft-makes-aviation-history-fly-using-flapping-wings.html - Snowbird
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Xam0gP1R94 - Yuri Human powered helicopter - you tube video
- http://www.livescience.com/8670-human-powered-aircraft-flaps-wings-flying.html - human-powered ornithopter
- http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/thinking-tech/video-amazing-human-powered-plane-flies-by-flapping-its-wings/5267 - Snowbird
- http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-11410441 - video of first flight for the Snowbird
- http://www.newscientist.com/blogs/onepercent/2011/05/human-powered-helicopter.html - Gamera human powered helicopter
- :de:HV-1 Mufli
- http://www.break.com/index/human-powered-flight - Snowbird
- http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-1638710914506519616# - Coolthrust Japan
- http://www.zdnet.com/blog/emergingtech/human-powered-flapping-wing-plane-first-ever-to-take-flight-video/2388 - Snowbird
- http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/09/100922155112.htm
- http://37signals.com/svn/posts/2861-how-nature-and-naivet-helped-paul-maccready-build-a-human-powered-airplane-in-only-six-months - Gossamer Condor
- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t4VoYrm-wjU - Mozi video
- http://www.oxai.cn/en/Detail.aspx?SubID=3&ID=3 - Mozi Drawings, photos etc.
- http://www.beijingtoday.com.cn/uncategorized/country%E2%80%99s-first-human-powered-flying-device-lifts-off-in-shanghai Mozi article
- http://www.humanpoweredflying.propdesigner.co.uk/index.html
- http://www.humanpoweredflying.propdesigner.co.uk/html/1950_s_revival.html
- http://www.humanpoweredflying.propdesigner.co.uk/html/reluctanflights.html
- http://www.humanpoweredflying.propdesigner.co.uk/html/table_of_types.html
- http://www.humanpoweredflying.propdesigner.co.uk/html/other__70_s_planes.html
- http://www.humanpoweredflying.propdesigner.co.uk/html/hvsthe_gossamers_and_other_planes.html
- http://www.humanpoweredflying.propdesigner.co.uk/html/flights.html
- http://www.humanpoweredflying.propdesigner.co.uk/html/other__80_s_planes.html
- http://www.humanpoweredflying.propdesigner.co.uk/html/daedalus.html
- http://www.humanpoweredflying.propdesigner.co.uk/html/up_to_date.html