The following is a list of the "C" codes for MeSH

Mesh

Mesh consists of semi-permeable barrier made of connected strands of metal, fiber, or other flexible/ductile material. Mesh is similar to web or net in that it has many attached or woven strands.-Types of mesh:...

. It is a product of the United States National Library of Medicine

United States National Library of Medicine

The United States National Library of Medicine , operated by the United States federal government, is the world's largest medical library. Located in Bethesda, Maryland, the NLM is a division of the National Institutes of Health...

.

Source for content is here. (File "2006 MeSH Trees".)

--- genital neoplasms, male

--- penile neoplasms --- prostatic neoplasms --- testicular neoplasms --- sertoli-leydig cell tumor

--- infertility

Infertility

Infertility primarily refers to the biological inability of a person to contribute to conception. Infertility may also refer to the state of a woman who is unable to carry a pregnancy to full term...

--- infertility, male --- oligospermia

Oligospermia

Oligospermia, also oligozoospermia, refers to semen with a low concentration of sperm and is a common finding in male infertility. Often semen with a decreased sperm concentration may also show significant abnormalities in sperm morphology and motility...

--- penile diseases

--- balanitis

Balanitis

Balanitis is inflammation of the glans penis . When the foreskin is also affected, it is termed balanoposthitis....

 --- hypospadias

Hypospadias

Hypospadias is a birth defect of the urethra in the male that involves an abnormally placed urinary meatus...

 --- penile induration --- penile neoplasms --- phimosis

Phimosis

Phimosis , from the Greek phimos ), is a condition where, in men, the foreskin cannot be fully retracted over the glans penis...

 --- paraphimosis

Paraphimosis

Paraphimosis is an uncommon medical condition where the foreskin becomes trapped behind the glans penis, and cannot be reduced...

 --- priapism

Priapism

Priapism is a potentially harmful and painful medical condition in which the erect penis or clitoris does not return to its flaccid state, despite the absence of both physical and psychological stimulation, within four hours. There are two types of priapism: low-flow and high-flow. Low-flow...

--- prostatic diseases

--- prostatic hyperplasia --- prostatic neoplasms --- prostatitis

Prostatitis

Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland, in men. A prostatitis diagnosis is assigned at 8% of all urologist and 1% of all primary care physician visits in the United States.-Classification:...

--- sexual dysfunction, physiological

--- impotence --- impotence, vasculogenic

--- testicular diseases

--- cryptorchidism

Cryptorchidism

Cryptorchidism is the absence of one or both testes from the scrotum. It is the most common birth defect regarding male genitalia. In unique cases, cryptorchidism can develop later in life, often as late as young adulthood. About 3% of full-term and 30% of premature infant boys are born with at...

 --- orchitis

Orchitis

Orchitis or orchiditis is a condition of the testes involving inflammation. It can also involve swelling and frequent infection.-Symptoms:Symptoms of orchitis are similar to those of testicular torsion...

--- urogenital abnormalities

--- bladder exstrophy

Bladder exstrophy

Bladder exstrophy is a congenital anomality in which part of the urinary bladder is present outside the body. It is rare, occurring once every 10,000 to 50,000 live births with a 2:1 male:female ratio. The diagnosis involves a spectrum of anomalies of the lower abdominal wall, bladder, anterior...

 --- cryptorchidism

Cryptorchidism

Cryptorchidism is the absence of one or both testes from the scrotum. It is the most common birth defect regarding male genitalia. In unique cases, cryptorchidism can develop later in life, often as late as young adulthood. About 3% of full-term and 30% of premature infant boys are born with at...

 --- epispadias

Epispadias

An epispadias is a rare type of malformation of the penis in which the urethra ends in an opening on the upper aspect of the penis. It can also develop in females when the urethra develops too far anteriorly...

 --- frasier syndrome

Frasier syndrome

Frasier syndrome is a urogenital anomaly associated with WT1.It was first characterized in 1964.-Presentation:Frasier syndrome presents at birth with male pseudohermaphroditism , streak gonads and progressive glomerulonephropathy...

 --- hypospadias

Hypospadias

Hypospadias is a birth defect of the urethra in the male that involves an abnormally placed urinary meatus...

 --- multicystic dysplastic kidney

Multicystic dysplastic kidney

Multicystic dysplastic kidney is a condition that results from the malformation of the kidney during fetal development. The kidney consists of irregular cysts of varying sizes and has no function....

 --- nephritis, hereditary --- sex differentiation disorders --- gonadal dysgenesis

Gonadal dysgenesis

Gonadal dysgenesis is a term used to describe multiple reproductive system development disorders. They are conditions of genetic origin. It is characterized by a progressive loss of primordial germ cells on the developing gonads of an embryo....

 --- gonadal dysgenesis, 46,xx --- gonadal dysgenesis, 46,xy --- gonadal dysgenesis, mixed --- turner syndrome

Turner syndrome

Turner syndrome or Ullrich-Turner syndrome encompasses several conditions in human females, of which monosomy X is most common. It is a chromosomal abnormality in which all or part of one of the sex chromosomes is absent...

 --- hermaphroditism --- hermaphroditism, true --- pseudohermaphroditism

Pseudohermaphroditism

Pseudohermaphroditism, or pseudo-hermaphroditism, is the condition in which an organism is born with secondary sex characteristics or a phenotype that is different from what would be expected on the basis of the gonadal tissue ....

 --- androgen-insensitivity syndrome --- denys-drash syndrome

Denys-Drash syndrome

Denys-Drash syndrome is a syndrome characterized by the following conditions:* gonadal dysgenesis* nephropathy* Wilms tumorDenys-Drash Syndrome is a very rare disorder.- Etiology :...

 --- kallmann syndrome

Kallmann syndrome

Kallmann syndrome is a genetic disorder marked by anosmia and hypogonadism - the decreased functioning of the glands that produce sex hormones. Abnormalities in various genes may cause a defect in the hypothalamus, causing a deficiency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone ; this in turn causes...

 --- klinefelter syndrome --- wagr syndrome

WAGR syndrome

WAGR syndrome is a rare genetic syndrome in which affected children are predisposed to develop Wilms tumour , Aniridia , Genitourinary anomalies, and mental Retardation...

--- urogenital neoplasms

--- genital neoplasms, male --- penile neoplasms --- prostatic neoplasms --- testicular neoplasms --- urologic neoplasms --- bladder neoplasms --- kidney neoplasms --- carcinoma, renal cell --- wilms tumor --- denys-drash syndrome

Denys-Drash syndrome

Denys-Drash syndrome is a syndrome characterized by the following conditions:* gonadal dysgenesis* nephropathy* Wilms tumorDenys-Drash Syndrome is a very rare disorder.- Etiology :...

 --- wagr syndrome

WAGR syndrome

WAGR syndrome is a rare genetic syndrome in which affected children are predisposed to develop Wilms tumour , Aniridia , Genitourinary anomalies, and mental Retardation...

 --- nephroma, mesoblastic --- ureteral neoplasms --- urethral neoplasms

--- bladder diseases

--- bladder calculi --- bladder exstrophy

Bladder exstrophy

Bladder exstrophy is a congenital anomality in which part of the urinary bladder is present outside the body. It is rare, occurring once every 10,000 to 50,000 live births with a 2:1 male:female ratio. The diagnosis involves a spectrum of anomalies of the lower abdominal wall, bladder, anterior...

 --- bladder fistula --- vesicovaginal fistula

Vesicovaginal fistula

Vesicovaginal fistula is a subtype of female urogenital fistula .-Presentation:VVF is an abnormal fistulous tract extending between the bladder and the vagina that allows the continuous involuntary discharge of urine into the vaginal vault....

 --- bladder neck obstruction --- bladder neoplasms --- bladder, neurogenic --- cystitis

Cystitis

Cystitis is a term that refers to urinary bladder inflammation that results from any one of a number of distinct syndromes. It is most commonly caused by a bacterial infection in which case it is referred to as a urinary tract infection.-Signs and symptoms:...

 --- cystitis, interstitial --- vesico-ureteral reflux

--- kidney diseases

--- aids-associated nephropathy --- anuria

Anuria

Anuria means nonpassage of urine, in practice is defined as passage of less than 50 milliliters of urine in a day. Anuria is often caused by failure in the function of kidneys. It may also occur because of some severe obstruction like kidney stones or tumours. It may occur with end stage renal...

 --- diabetes insipidus

Diabetes insipidus

Diabetes insipidus is a condition characterized by excessive thirst and excretion of large amounts of severely diluted urine, with reduction of fluid intake having no effect on the concentration of the urine. There are several different types of DI, each with a different cause...

 --- diabetes insipidus, nephrogenic --- diabetes insipidus, neurogenic --- wolfram syndrome

Wolfram syndrome

Wolfram syndrome, also called DIDMOAD , is a rare genetic disorder, causing diabetes mellitus, optic atrophy, and deafness as well as various other possible disorders.It was first described in four siblings in 1938 by Dr. Don J...

 --- diabetic nephropathies --- fanconi syndrome

Fanconi syndrome

Falconi syndrome is a disease of the proximal renal tubules of the kidney in which glucose, amino acids, uric acid, phosphate and bicarbonate are passed into the urine, instead of being reabsorbed. Fanconi syndrome affects the proximal tubule, which is the first part of the tubule to process fluid...

 --- hepatorenal syndrome

Hepatorenal syndrome

Hepatorenal syndrome is a life-threatening medical condition that consists of rapid deterioration in kidney function in individuals with cirrhosis or fulminant liver failure...

 --- hydronephrosis

Hydronephrosis

Hydronephrosis is distension and dilation of the renal pelvis calyces, usually caused by obstruction of the free flow of urine from the kidney, leading to progressive atrophy of the kidney...

 --- hyperoxaluria, primary --- hypertension, renal --- hypertension, renovascular --- kidney calculi --- kidney cortex necrosis --- kidney diseases, cystic --- medullary sponge kidney

Medullary sponge kidney

Medullary sponge kidney is a congenital disorder of the kidneys characterized by cystic dilatation of the collecting tubules in one or both kidneys. In people with nephrolithiasis, the frequency of medullary sponge kidney has been reported by various authors to be 1221%. The disease is bilateral...

 --- multicystic dysplastic kidney

Multicystic dysplastic kidney

Multicystic dysplastic kidney is a condition that results from the malformation of the kidney during fetal development. The kidney consists of irregular cysts of varying sizes and has no function....

 --- polycystic kidney diseases --- polycystic kidney, autosomal dominant --- polycystic kidney, autosomal recessive --- kidney neoplasms --- carcinoma, renal cell --- wilms tumor --- denys-drash syndrome

Denys-Drash syndrome

Denys-Drash syndrome is a syndrome characterized by the following conditions:* gonadal dysgenesis* nephropathy* Wilms tumorDenys-Drash Syndrome is a very rare disorder.- Etiology :...

 --- wagr syndrome

WAGR syndrome

WAGR syndrome is a rare genetic syndrome in which affected children are predisposed to develop Wilms tumour , Aniridia , Genitourinary anomalies, and mental Retardation...

 --- nephroma, mesoblastic --- kidney papillary necrosis --- nephritis

Nephritis

Nephritis is inflammation of the nephrons in the kidneys. The word "nephritis" was imported from Latin, which took it from Greek: νεφρίτιδα. The word comes from the Greek νεφρός - nephro- meaning "of the kidney" and -itis meaning "inflammation"....

 --- glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis, also known as glomerular nephritis, abbreviated GN, is a renal disease characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli, or small blood vessels in the kidneys...

 --- anti-glomerular basement membrane disease --- goodpasture syndrome --- glomerulonephritis, iga --- glomerulonephritis, membranoproliferative --- glomerulonephritis, membranous --- glomerulosclerosis, focal --- lupus nephritis

Lupus nephritis

Lupus nephritis is an inflammation of the kidney caused by systemic lupus erythematosus , a disease of the immune system. Apart from the kidneys, SLE can also damage the skin, joints, nervous system and virtually any organ or system in the body....

 --- nephritis, hereditary --- nephritis, interstitial --- balkan nephropathy

Balkan nephropathy

Danubian endemic familial nephropathy , also called Balkan endemic nephropathy, is a form of interstitial nephritis. It was first identified in the 1920s among several small, discrete communities along the Danube River and its major tributaries, in the modern countries of Croatia, Bosnia and...

 --- pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis is an ascending urinary tract infection that has reached the pyelum or pelvis of the kidney. It is a form of nephritis that is also referred to as pyelitis...

 --- pyelonephritis, xanthogranulomatous --- nephrocalcinosis

Nephrocalcinosis

Nephrocalcinosis, once known as Albright's calcinosis after Fuller Albright, is a term originally used to describe deposition of calcium salts in the renal parenchyma due to hyperparathyroidism. It is now more commonly used to describe diffuse, fine, renal parenchymal calcification on radiology...

 --- nephrosclerosis --- nephrosis

Nephrosis

Nephrosis refers to a non-inflammatory nephropathy.It should not be confused with nephritis, where inflammation is implied. However, some sources equate nephrosis with nephropathy.It can also be used to indicate an emphasis on the renal tubule....

 --- nephrosis, lipoid --- nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome is a nonspecific disorder in which the kidneys are damaged, causing them to leak large amounts of protein from the blood into the urine....

 --- perinephritis --- pyelitis --- pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis is an ascending urinary tract infection that has reached the pyelum or pelvis of the kidney. It is a form of nephritis that is also referred to as pyelitis...

 --- pyelonephritis, xanthogranulomatous --- renal artery obstruction --- renal insufficiency --- kidney failure --- kidney failure, acute --- kidney tubular necrosis, acute --- kidney failure, chronic --- renal insufficiency, acute --- kidney failure, acute --- kidney tubular necrosis, acute --- renal insufficiency, chronic --- kidney failure, chronic --- renal osteodystrophy

Renal osteodystrophy

Renal osteodystrophy or chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder is a bone pathology, characterized by bone mineralization deficiency, that is a direct result of the electrolyte and endocrine derangements that accompany chronic kidney disease...

 --- renal tubular transport, inborn errors --- acidosis, renal tubular --- aminoaciduria, renal --- cystinuria

Cystinuria

Cystinuria is an inherited autosomal recessive disease that is characterized by the formation of cystine stones in the kidneys, ureter, and bladder.-Signs and symptoms:Cystinuria is a cause of persistent kidney stones...

 --- hartnup disease

Hartnup disease

Hartnup disease is an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder affecting the absorption of nonpolar amino acids...

 --- bartter syndrome

Bartter syndrome

Bartter syndrome is a rare inherited defect in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle. It is characterized by low potassium levels , increased blood pH , and normal to low blood pressure. There are two types of Bartter syndrome: neonatal and classic...

 --- cystinosis

Cystinosis

Cystinosis is a lysosomal storage disease characterized by the abnormal accumulation of the amino acid cystine. It is a genetic disorder that typically follows an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Cystinosis is the most common cause of Fanconi syndrome in the pediatric age group...

 --- fanconi syndrome

Fanconi syndrome

Falconi syndrome is a disease of the proximal renal tubules of the kidney in which glucose, amino acids, uric acid, phosphate and bicarbonate are passed into the urine, instead of being reabsorbed. Fanconi syndrome affects the proximal tubule, which is the first part of the tubule to process fluid...

 --- glycosuria, renal --- hypophosphatemia, familial --- oculocerebrorenal syndrome

Oculocerebrorenal syndrome

Oculocerebrorenal syndrome is a X-linked recessive disorder characterized by hydrophthalmia, cataracts, intellectual disabilities, aminoaciduria, reduced renal ammonia production and vitamin D-resistant rickets....

 --- pseudohypoaldosteronism

Pseudohypoaldosteronism

Pseudohypoaldosteronism is a condition that mimics hypoaldosteronism. However, the condition is due to a failure of response to aldosterone, and levels of aldosterone are actually elevated, due to a lack of feedback....

 --- tuberculosis, renal --- uremia

Uremia

Uremia or uraemia is a term used to loosely describe the illness accompanying kidney failure , in particular the nitrogenous waste products associated with the failure of this organ....

 --- hemolytic-uremic syndrome

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome , abbreviated HUS, is a disease characterized by hemolytic anemia, acute renal failure and a low platelet count . It predominantly, but not exclusively, affects children. Most cases are preceded by an episode of diarrhea caused by E. coli O157:H7, which is acquired as a...

 --- wegener's granulomatosis

Wegener's granulomatosis

Wegener's granulomatosis , more recently granulomatosis with polyangiitis , is an incurable form of vasculitis that affects the nose, lungs, kidneys and other organs. Due to its end-organ damage, it is life-threatening and requires long-term immunosuppression...

 --- zellweger syndrome

Zellweger syndrome

Zellweger syndrome, also called cerebrohepatorenal syndrome is a rare, congenital disorder, characterized by the reduction or absence of functional peroxisomes in the cells of an individual. It is one of a family of disorders called leukodystrophies...

--- ureteral diseases

--- ureteral calculi --- ureteral neoplasms --- ureteral obstruction --- ureterocele

Ureterocele

A ureterocele is a congenital abnormality found in the urinary bladder. In this condition called ureteroceles, the distal ureter balloons at its opening into the bladder, forming a sac-like pouch. It is most often associated with a duplicated collection system, where two ureters drain their...

--- urethral diseases

--- epispadias

Epispadias

An epispadias is a rare type of malformation of the penis in which the urethra ends in an opening on the upper aspect of the penis. It can also develop in females when the urethra develops too far anteriorly...

 --- urethral neoplasms --- urethral obstruction --- bladder neck obstruction --- urethral stricture

Urethral stricture

A urethral stricture is a narrowing of the urethra caused by injury or disease such as urinary tract infections or other forms of urethritis.-Signs and symptoms:...

 --- urethritis

Urethritis

Urethritis is inflammation of the urethra. The most common symptom is painful or difficult urination.-Causes:The disease is classified as either gonococcal urethritis, caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae, or non-gonococcal urethritis , most commonly caused by Chlamydia trachomatis...

 --- reiter disease

--- urinary calculi

--- bladder calculi --- kidney calculi --- ureteral calculi

--- urinary fistula

--- bladder fistula --- vesicovaginal fistula

Vesicovaginal fistula

Vesicovaginal fistula is a subtype of female urogenital fistula .-Presentation:VVF is an abnormal fistulous tract extending between the bladder and the vagina that allows the continuous involuntary discharge of urine into the vaginal vault....

--- urinary tract infections

--- bacteriuria

Bacteriuria

In medicine, bacteriuria denotes the presence of bacteria in urine not due to contamination from urine sample collection.Urine is normally a sterile bodily fluid when inside the bladder, but can pick up commensals and pathogens when exiting through the urethra...

 --- pyuria

Pyuria

In medicine, Pyuria refers to urine which contains pus. Defined as the presence of 4 or more neutrophils per high power field of unspun, voided mid-stream urine. It can be sign of a bacterial urinary tract infection...

 --- schistosomiasis haematobia

--- urination disorders

--- enuresis

Enuresis

Enuresis refers to an inability to control urination. Use of the term is usually limited to describing individuals old enough to be expected to exercise such control.Types of enuresis include:* Nocturnal enuresis* Diurnal enuresis...

 --- oliguria

Oliguria

Oliguria is the low output of urine, It is clinically classified as an output below 300-500ml/day. The decreased output of urine may be a sign of dehydration, renal failure, hypovolemic shock, HHNS Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, urinary...

 --- anuria

Anuria

Anuria means nonpassage of urine, in practice is defined as passage of less than 50 milliliters of urine in a day. Anuria is often caused by failure in the function of kidneys. It may also occur because of some severe obstruction like kidney stones or tumours. It may occur with end stage renal...

 --- polyuria

Polyuria

Polyuria is a condition usually defined as excessive or abnormally large production or passage of urine . Frequent urination is sometimes included by definition, but is nonetheless usually an accompanying symptom...

 --- urinary incontinence

Urinary incontinence

Urinary incontinence is any involuntary leakage of urine. It is a common and distressing problem, which may have a profound impact on quality of life. Urinary incontinence almost always results from an underlying treatable medical condition but is under-reported to medical practitioners...

 --- urinary incontinence, stress --- urinary retention

Urinary retention

Urinary retention, also known as ischuria, is a lack of ability to urinate. It is a common complication of benign prostatic hyperplasia , although it can also be caused by nerve dysfunction, constipation, infection, or medications...