List of MeSH codes (E04) - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

The following is a list of the "E" codes for MeSH

Mesh

Mesh consists of semi-permeable barrier made of connected strands of metal, fiber, or other flexible/ductile material. Mesh is similar to web or net in that it has many attached or woven strands.-Types of mesh:...

. It is a product of the United States National Library of Medicine

United States National Library of Medicine

The United States National Library of Medicine , operated by the United States federal government, is the world's largest medical library. Located in Bethesda, Maryland, the NLM is a division of the National Institutes of Health...

.

Source for content is here. (File "2006 MeSH Trees".)

--- anastomosis, surgical

--- anastomosis, roux-en-y --- arteriovenous shunt, surgical --- cerebrospinal fluid shunts --- ventriculoperitoneal shunt --- ventriculostomy

Ventriculostomy

Ventriculostomy is a neurosurgical procedure that involves creating a hole within a cerebral ventricle for drainage. It is done by surgically penetrating the skull, dura mater, and brain such that the ventricle of the brain is accessed. When catheter drainage is temporary, it is commonly referred...

--- cholecystostomy

Cholecystostomy

A cholecystostomy is a procedure where a stoma is created in the gallbladder, which can facilitate placement of a tube for drainage....

--- choledochostomy --- endolymphatic shunt --- gastroenterostomy

Gastroenterostomy

A gastroenterostomy is the surgical creation of a connection between the stomach and the jejunum. The operation can sometimes be performed at the same time as a partial gastrectomy...

--- gastric bypass --- heart bypass, right --- fontan procedure

Fontan procedure

The Fontan procedure, or Fontan/Kreutzer procedure, is a palliative surgical procedure used in children with complex congenital heart defects. It involves diverting the venous blood from the right atrium to the pulmonary arteries without passing through the morphologic pulmonary ventricle...

--- jejunoileal bypass

Jejunoileal bypass

Jejunoileal Bypass was a surgical weight loss procedure performed from the 1950s through the 1970s in which all but 30 cm to 45 cm of the small bowel were detached and set to the side....

--- pancreaticojejunostomy --- pericardial window techniques --- peritoneovenous shunt

Peritoneovenous shunt

A peritoneovenous shunt is a shunt which drains peritoneal fluid from the peritoneum into veins, usually the internal jugular vein or the superior vena cava...

--- portasystemic shunt, surgical --- portacaval shunt, surgical --- portasystemic shunt, transjugular intrahepatic --- splenorenal shunt, surgical --- portoenterostomy, hepatic --- salpingostomy --- vasovasostomy

Vasovasostomy

Vasovasostomy is a surgery by which vasectomies are partially reversed. Another surgery for vasectomy reversal is vasoepididymostomy.-Limitations:...

--- assisted circulation

--- counterpulsation --- intra-aortic balloon pumping --- heart-assist devices

--- bariatric surgery
Bariatric surgery
Bariatric surgery includes a variety of procedures performed on people who are obese. Weight loss is achieved by reducing the size of the stomach with an implanted medical device or through removal of a portion of the stomach or by resecting and re-routing the small intestines...

--- gastric bypass --- gastroplasty --- jejunoileal bypass

Jejunoileal bypass

Jejunoileal Bypass was a surgical weight loss procedure performed from the 1950s through the 1970s in which all but 30 cm to 45 cm of the small bowel were detached and set to the side....

--- lipectomy

--- biopsy
Biopsy
A biopsy is a medical test involving sampling of cells or tissues for examination. It is the medical removal of tissue from a living subject to determine the presence or extent of a disease. The tissue is generally examined under a microscope by a pathologist, and can also be analyzed chemically...

--- biopsy, needle --- biopsy, fine-needle --- conization --- sentinel lymph node biopsy

--- body modification, non-therapeutic

--- body piercing

Body piercing

Body piercing, a form of body modification, is the practice of puncturing or cutting a part of the human body, creating an opening in which jewelry may be worn. The word piercing can refer to the act or practice of body piercing, or to an opening in the body created by this act or practice...

--- circumcision

Circumcision

Male circumcision is the surgical removal of some or all of the foreskin from the penis. The word "circumcision" comes from Latin and ....

--- circumcision, female --- tattooing

--- cardiovascular surgical procedures

--- cardiac surgical procedures --- cardiomyoplasty

Cardiomyoplasty

Cardiomyoplasty is a surgical procedure in which healthy muscle from another part of the body is wrapped around the heart to provide support for the failing heart. Most often the latissimus dorsi muscle is used for this purpose. A special pacemaker is implanted to make the skeletal muscle contract....

--- heart arrest, induced --- circulatory arrest, deep hypothermia induced --- heart bypass, right --- fontan procedure

Fontan procedure

--- heart massage --- heart transplantation

Heart transplantation

A heart transplant, or a cardiac transplantation, is a surgical transplant procedure performed on patients with end-stage heart failure or severe coronary artery disease. As of 2007 the most common procedure was to take a working heart from a recently deceased organ donor and implant it into the...

--- heart-lung transplantation --- heart valve prosthesis implantation --- myocardial revascularization --- angioplasty, transluminal, percutaneous coronary --- atherectomy, coronary --- coronary artery bypass --- coronary artery bypass, off-pump --- internal mammary-coronary artery anastomosis --- pericardial window techniques --- pericardiectomy

Pericardiectomy

Pericardiectomy is the surgical removal of part or most of the pericardium. This operation is most commonly done to relieve constrictive pericarditis, or to remove a pericardium that is calcified and fibrous...

--- pericardiocentesis

Pericardiocentesis

In medicine, pericardiocentesis is a procedure where fluid is aspirated from the pericardium .-Position:The patient undergoing pericardiocentesis is positioned supine with the head of the bed raised to a 30- to 60-degree angle.This places the heart in proximity to the chest wall for easier...

--- reperfusion --- myocardial reperfusion --- vascular surgical procedures --- angioplasty

Angioplasty

Angioplasty is the technique of mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel, the latter typically being a result of atherosclerosis. An empty and collapsed balloon on a guide wire, known as a balloon catheter, is passed into the narrowed locations and then inflated to a fixed size...

--- angioplasty, balloon --- angioplasty, balloon, laser-assisted --- angioplasty, transluminal, percutaneous coronary --- angioplasty, laser --- angioplasty, balloon, laser-assisted --- atherectomy

Atherectomy

Atherectomy is a minimally invasive surgical method of removing, mainly, atherosclerosis from a large blood vessel within the body. Today, it is generally used to effectively treat peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities...

--- atherectomy, coronary --- angioscopy

Angioscopy

Angioscopy is a medical technique for visualizing the interior of blood vessels. In this technique, a flexible fiberoptic catheter inserted directly into an artery. It can be helpful in diagnosing e.g. arterial embolism....

--- arteriovenous shunt, surgical --- blood vessel prosthesis implantation --- cerebral revascularization --- embolectomy

Embolectomy

Embolectomy is the emergency surgical removal of emboli which are blocking blood circulation. It usually involves removal of thrombi , and is then referred to as thrombectomy. Embolectomy is an emergency procedure often as the last resort because permanent occlusion of a significant blood flow to...

--- endarterectomy

Endarterectomy

Endarterectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the atheromatous plaque material, or blockage, in the lining of an artery constricted by the buildup of soft/hardening deposits. It is carried out by separating the plaque from the arterial wall....

--- endarterectomy, carotid --- limb salvage --- peritoneovenous shunt

Peritoneovenous shunt

A peritoneovenous shunt is a shunt which drains peritoneal fluid from the peritoneum into veins, usually the internal jugular vein or the superior vena cava...

--- portasystemic shunt, surgical --- portacaval shunt, surgical --- portasystemic shunt, transjugular intrahepatic --- splenorenal shunt, surgical --- thrombectomy --- venous cutdown

Venous cutdown

Venous cutdown is an emergency procedure in which the vein is exposed surgically and then a cannula is inserted into the vein under direct vision. It is used to get vascular access in trauma and hypovolemic shock patients when peripheral cannulation is difficult or impossible. The saphenous vein is...

--- curettage
Curettage
Curettage, in medical procedures, is the use of a curette to remove tissue by scraping or scooping.Curettages are also a declining method of abortion. It has been replaced by vacuum aspiration over the last decade....

--- dilatation and curettage --- vacuum curettage

--- digestive system surgical procedures

--- anastomosis, roux-en-y --- appendectomy --- biliary tract surgical procedures --- biliopancreatic diversion --- cholecystectomy

Cholecystectomy

Cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder. It is the most common method for treating symptomatic gallstones. Surgical options include the standard procedure, called laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and an older more invasive procedure, called open cholecystectomy.-Open surgery:A...

--- cholecystectomy, laparoscopic --- cholecystostomy

Cholecystostomy

A cholecystostomy is a procedure where a stoma is created in the gallbladder, which can facilitate placement of a tube for drainage....

--- choledochostomy --- portoenterostomy, hepatic --- sphincterotomy, endoscopic --- sphincterotomy, transhepatic --- biliopancreatic diversion --- colectomy

Colectomy

Colectomy consists of the surgical resection of any extent of the large intestine .-History:Sir William Arbuthnot-Lane was one of the early proponents of the usefulness of total colectomies, although his overuse of the procedure called the wisdom of the surgery into question.-Indications:Some of...

--- proctocolectomy, restorative --- endoscopy, digestive system --- cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic retrograde --- endoscopy, gastrointestinal --- colonoscopy

Colonoscopy

Colonoscopy is the endoscopic examination of the large bowel and the distal part of the small bowel with a CCD camera or a fiber optic camera on a flexible tube passed through the anus. It may provide a visual diagnosis and grants the opportunity for biopsy or removal of suspected...

--- sigmoidoscopy

Sigmoidoscopy

Sigmoidoscopy From Greek Sigma - eidos - scopy, to look inside an s-like object, is the minimally invasive medical examination of the large intestine from the rectum through the last part of the colon. There are two types of sigmoidoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, which uses a flexible endoscope,...

--- duodenoscopy --- gastroscopy --- proctoscopy

Proctoscopy

Proctoscopy is a common medical procedure in which an instrument called a proctoscope is used to examine the anal cavity, rectum or sigmoid colon. A proctoscope is a short, straight, rigid, hollow metal tube, and usually has a small light bulb mounted at the end...

--- sphincterotomy, endoscopic --- esophagoscopy --- enterostomy --- cecostomy --- colostomy

Colostomy

A colostomy is a surgical procedure in which a stoma is formed by drawing the healthy end of the large intestine or colon through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall and suturing it into place. This opening, in conjunction with the attached stoma appliance, provides an alternative channel...

--- duodenostomy --- ileostomy

Ileostomy

An ileostomy is a surgical opening constructed by bringing the end or loop of small intestine out onto the surface of the skin. Intestinal waste passes out of the ileostomy and is collected in an external pouching system stuck to the skin...

--- jejunostomy

Jejunostomy

Jejunostomy refers to an artificial opening into the jejunum. It is performed to allow feeding tube placement. Jejunostomy is an alternative to gastrostomy when the stomach is unsuitable for a feeding tube....

--- esophagectomy

Esophagectomy

Esophagectomy or Oesophagectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the esophagus .-Purpose:...

--- esophagoplasty --- esophagostomy --- fundoplication --- gastrectomy

Gastrectomy

A gastrectomy is a partial or full surgical removal of the stomach.-Indications:Gastrectomies are performed to treat cancer and perforations of the stomach wall....

--- gastroenterostomy

Gastroenterostomy

A gastroenterostomy is the surgical creation of a connection between the stomach and the jejunum. The operation can sometimes be performed at the same time as a partial gastrectomy...

--- gastric bypass --- gastroplasty --- gastrostomy

Gastrostomy

Gastrostomy refers to a surgical opening into the stomach. Creation of an artificial external opening into the stomach for nutritional support or gastrointestinal compression....

--- hepatectomy

Hepatectomy

Hepatectomy consists on the surgical resection of the liver. While the term is often employed for the removal of the liver from a liver transplant recipient, this article will focus on partial resections of hepatic tissue.-History:...

--- jejunoileal bypass

Jejunoileal bypass

Jejunoileal Bypass was a surgical weight loss procedure performed from the 1950s through the 1970s in which all but 30 cm to 45 cm of the small bowel were detached and set to the side....

--- liver transplantation

Liver transplantation

Liver transplantation or hepatic transplantation is the replacement of a diseased liver with a healthy liver allograft. The most commonly used technique is orthotopic transplantation, in which the native liver is removed and replaced by the donor organ in the same anatomic location as the original...

--- pancreas transplantation

Pancreas transplantation

A pancreas transplant is an organ transplant that involves implanting a healthy pancreas into a person who usually has diabetes. Because the pancreas is a vital organ, performing functions necessary in the digestion process, the recipient's native pancreas is left in place, and the donated...

--- pancreatectomy

Pancreatectomy

In medicine, a pancreatectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the pancreas. Several types of pancreatectomy exist, including pancreaticoduodenectomy , distal pancreatectomy, segmental pancreatectomy, and total pancreatectomy...

--- pancreaticoduodenectomy

Pancreaticoduodenectomy

A pancreaticoduodenectomy, pancreatoduodenectomy, Whipple procedure, or Kausch-Whipple procedure, is a major surgical operation involving the pancreas, duodenum, and other organs...

--- pancreaticojejunostomy --- peritoneovenous shunt

Peritoneovenous shunt

A peritoneovenous shunt is a shunt which drains peritoneal fluid from the peritoneum into veins, usually the internal jugular vein or the superior vena cava...

--- endocrine surgical procedures

--- adrenalectomy

Adrenalectomy

Adrenalectomy is the surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands. It is usually advised for patients with tumors of the adrenal glands. The procedure can be performed using an open incision or laparoscopic technique....

--- castration

Castration

Castration is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which a male loses the functions of the testicles or a female loses the functions of the ovaries.-Humans:...

--- orchiectomy --- ovariectomy --- hypophysectomy

Hypophysectomy

Hypophysectomy is the surgical removal of the hypophysis . It is most commonly performed to treat tumors, especially craniopharyngioma tumors. Sometimes it is used to treat Cushing's syndrome due to pituitary adenoma...

--- hypophysectomy, chemical --- islets of langerhans transplantation --- parathyroidectomy

Parathyroidectomy

Also known as "Parathyroid gland removal", Parathyroidectomy is the surgical removal of one or more parathyroid glands. This procedure is used to remove primary tumors or hyperplasia of the glands, especially when they produce excessive parathyroid hormone. As drugs such as Fosamax do not treat the...

--- thyroidectomy

Thyroidectomy

A thyroidectomy is an operation that involves the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland. Surgeons often perform a thyroidectomy when a patient has thyroid cancer or some other condition of the thyroid gland...

--- extracorporeal circulation

--- cardiopulmonary bypass --- chemotherapy, cancer, regional perfusion --- extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

In intensive care medicine, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is an extracorporeal technique of providing both cardiac and respiratory support oxygen to patients whose heart and lungs are so severely diseased or damaged that they can no longer serve their function...

--- heart bypass, left --- hemofiltration

Hemofiltration

In medicine, hemofiltration, also haemofiltration, is a renal replacement therapy similar to hemodialysis which is used almost exclusively in the intensive care setting...

--- hemodiafiltration --- hemoperfusion

Hemoperfusion

Hemoperfusion is a medical process used to remove toxic substances from a patient's blood. The technique involves passing large volumes of blood over an adsorbent substance. The adsorbent substance most commonly used in hemoperfusion are resins and activated carbon...

--- photopheresis

Photopheresis

In medicine, photopheresis or extracorporeal photopheresis is a form of apheresis and photodynamic therapy in which blood is treated with photoactivable drugs which are then activated with ultraviolet light....

--- ultrafiltration

Ultrafiltration

Ultrafiltration is a variety of membrane filtration in which hydrostatic pressure forces a liquid against a semipermeable membrane. Suspended solids and solutes of high molecular weight are retained, while water and low molecular weight solutes pass through the membrane...

--- hemofiltration

Hemofiltration

In medicine, hemofiltration, also haemofiltration, is a renal replacement therapy similar to hemodialysis which is used almost exclusively in the intensive care setting...

--- hemodiafiltration

--- laser surgery
Laser surgery
Laser surgery is surgery using a laser to cut tissue instead of a scalpel. Examples include the use of a laser scalpel in otherwise conventional surgery, and soft tissue laser surgery, in which the laser beam vaporizes soft tissue with high water content...

--- angioplasty, laser --- angioplasty, balloon, laser-assisted --- keratectomy, laser --- keratectomy, photorefractive, excimer laser --- keratomileusis, laser in situ --- keratectomy, subepithelial, laser-assisted --- laser coagulation

--- lymph node excision

--- neck dissection

Neck dissection

The neck dissection is a surgical procedure for control of neck lymph node metastasis from Squamous cell carcinoma and Merkel cell carcinoma of the head and neck. The aim of the procedure is to remove lymph nodes from one side of the neck into which cancer cells may have migrated...

--- sentinel lymph node biopsy

--- mastectomy
Mastectomy
Mastectomy is the medical term for the surgical removal of one or both breasts, partially or completely. Mastectomy is usually done to treat breast cancer; in some cases, women and some men believed to be at high risk of breast cancer have the operation prophylactically, that is, to prevent cancer...

--- mastectomy, radical --- mastectomy, extended radical --- mastectomy, modified radical --- mastectomy, segmental --- mastectomy, simple --- mastectomy, subcutaneous

--- microsurgery
Microsurgery
Microsurgery is a general term for surgery requiring an operating microscope. The most obvious developments have been procedures developed to allow anastomosis of successively smaller blood vessels and nerves which have allowed transfer of tissue from one part of the body to another and...

--- cerebral revascularization --- mohs surgery

Mohs surgery

Mohs surgery, also known as chemosurgery, created by a general surgeon, Dr. Frederic E. Mohs, is microscopically controlled surgery used to treat common types of skin cancer. It is one of the many methods of obtaining complete margin control during removal of a skin cancer using frozen section...

--- obstetric surgical procedures

--- abortion, induced --- abortion, eugenic --- abortion, legal --- abortion, therapeutic --- pregnancy reduction, multifetal --- pregnancy reduction, multifetal --- cerclage, cervical --- colposcopy

Colposcopy

Colposcopy is a medical diagnostic procedure to examine an illuminated, magnified view of the cervix and the tissues of the vagina and vulva. Many premalignant lesions and malignant lesions in these areas have discernible characteristics which can be detected through the examination...

--- colpotomy --- culdoscopy

Culdoscopy

Culdoscopy is a medical diagnostic procedure performed to examine the rectouterine pouch and pelvic viscera by the introduction of a culdoscope through the posterior vaginal wall. The word culdoscopy is derived from the phrase cul-de-sac, which means literally in French "bottom of a sac"...

--- delivery, obstetric --- cesarean section --- cesarean section, repeat --- episiotomy

Episiotomy

An episiotomy , also known as perineotomy, is a surgically planned incision on the perineum and the posterior vaginal wall during second stage of labor. The incision, which can be midline or at an angle from the posterior end of the vulva, is performed under local anaesthetic , and is sutured...

--- extraction, obstetrical --- vacuum extraction, obstetrical --- home childbirth --- labor, induced --- natural childbirth

Natural childbirth

Natural Childbirth is a philosophy of childbirth that is based on the notion that women who are adequately prepared are innately able to give birth without routine medical interventions. Natural childbirth arose in opposition to the techno-medical model of childbirth that has recently gained...

--- vaginal birth after cesarean --- version, fetal --- fetoscopy

Fetoscopy

Fetoscopy is an endoscopic procedure during pregnancy to allow access to the fetus, the amniotic cavity, the umbilical cord, and the fetal side of the placenta. A small incision is made in the abdomen, and an endoscope is inserted through the abdominal wall and uterus into the amniotic cavity...

--- hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is the inspection of the uterine cavity by endoscopy with access through the cervix. It allows for the diagnosis of intrauterine pathology and serves as a method for surgical intervention .-Method:...

--- hysterotomy

Hysterotomy

A hysterotomy is an incision in the uterus, commonly combined with a laparotomy during a caesarean section. Hysterotomies are also performed during fetal surgery....

--- neurosurgical procedures

--- anterior temporal lobectomy

Anterior temporal lobectomy

Anterior temporal lobectomy is the complete removal of the anterior portion of the temporal lobe of the brain. It is a treatment option in temporal lobe epilepsy for those in whom anticonvulsant medications do not control epileptic seizures....

--- brain tissue transplantation --- cerebral decortication --- hemispherectomy

Hemispherectomy

Hemispherectomy is a very rare surgical procedure where one cerebral hemisphere is removed or disabled. This procedure is used to treat a variety of seizure disorders where the source of the epilepsy is localized to a broad area of a single hemisphere of the brain...

--- cerebrospinal fluid shunts --- ventriculoperitoneal shunt --- ventriculostomy

Ventriculostomy

--- craniotomy

Craniotomy

A craniotomy is a surgical operation in which a bone flap is temporarily removed from the skull to access the brain. Craniotomies are often a critical operation performed on patients recording, brain imaging, and for neurological manipulations such as electrical stimulation and chemical...

--- denervation --- autonomic denervation --- parasympathectomy --- vagotomy

Vagotomy

A vagotomy is a surgical procedure that involves resection of the vagus nerve.-Applications:Truncal vagotomy is a treatment option for chronic duodenal ulcers...

--- vagotomy, proximal gastric --- vagotomy, truncal --- sympathectomy

Sympathectomy

A Sympathectomy is a procedure during which at least one sympathetic ganglion is removed.An example is endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy....

--- ganglionectomy

Ganglionectomy

A ganglionectomy, also called a gangliectomy, is the surgical removal of a ganglion. The removal of a ganglion cyst usually requires a ganglionectomy. Such cysts usually form on the hand, foot or wrist and may cause pain or impair body function. Aspiration of the cyst and steroid injections are...

--- sympathectomy, chemical --- axotomy

Axotomy

An axotomy is the cutting or otherwise severing an axon. Derived from axo- and -tomy . This type of denervation is often used in experimental studies on neuronal physiology and neuronal death or survival as a method to better understand nervous system diseases.Axotomy may cause neuronal cell...

--- cordotomy

Cordotomy

Cordotomy is a surgical procedure that disables selected pain-conducting tracts in the spinal cord, in order to achieve loss of pain and temperature perception. This procedure is commonly performed on patients experiencing severe pain due to cancer or other diseases for which there is currently no...

--- ganglionectomy

Ganglionectomy

--- muscle denervation --- nerve block

Nerve block

Regional nerve blockade, or more commonly nerve block, is a general term used to refer to the injection of local anesthetic onto or near nerves for temporary control of pain. It can also be used as a diagnostic tool to identify specific nerves as pain generators...

--- nerve crush --- rhizotomy

Rhizotomy

A rhizotomy is a term chiefly referring to a neurosurgical procedure that selectively severs problematic nerve roots in the spinal cord, most often to relieve the symptoms of neuromuscular conditions such as spastic diplegia and other forms of spastic cerebral palsy...

--- vagotomy

Vagotomy

A vagotomy is a surgical procedure that involves resection of the vagus nerve.-Applications:Truncal vagotomy is a treatment option for chronic duodenal ulcers...

--- vagotomy, proximal gastric --- vagotomy, truncal --- hypophysectomy

Hypophysectomy

--- laminectomy

Laminectomy

Laminectomy is a spine operation to remove the portion of the vertebral bone called the lamina. There are many variations of laminectomy. In the most minimal form small skin incisions are made, back muscles are pushed aside rather than cut, and the parts of the vertebra adjacent to the lamina are...

--- nerve transfer --- psychosurgery

Psychosurgery

Psychosurgery, also called neurosurgery for mental disorder , is the neurosurgical treatment of mental disorder. Psychosurgery has always been a controversial medical field. The modern history of psychosurgery begins in the 1880s under the Swiss psychiatrist Gottlieb Burckhardt...

--- split-brain procedure --- stereotaxic techniques --- neuronavigation

Neuronavigation

The term neuronavigation is a neologism used to describe the set of computer-assisted technologies used by neurosurgeons to guide or "navigate” within the confines of the skull or vertebral column during surgery...

--- radiosurgery

Radiosurgery

Radiosurgery is a medical procedure that allows non-invasive treatment of benign and malignant tumors. It is also known as stereotactic radiotherapy, when used to target lesions in the brain, and stereotactic body radiotherapy when used to target lesions in the body...

--- trephining

--- ophthalmologic surgical procedures

--- blepharoplasty

Blepharoplasty

Blepharoplasty is surgical modification of the eyelid. Excess tissue such as skin and fat are removed or repositioned, and surrounding muscles and tendons may be reinforced. It can be both a functional and cosmetic surgery.-Indications:...

--- cataract extraction --- capsulorhexis

Capsulorhexis

Capsulorhexis is a technique used to remove the lens capsule during cataract surgery. The spelling has varied between having one or two 'r's. It generally refers to removal of a part of the anterior lens capsule, but in situations like a developmental cataract a part of the posterior capsule is...

--- phacoemulsification

Phacoemulsification

Phacoemulsification refers to modern cataract surgery in which the eye's internal lens is emulsified with an ultrasonic handpiece and aspirated from the eye...

--- corneal transplantation --- epikeratophakia

Epikeratophakia

Epikeratophakia is a refractive surgical procedure in which a donor cornea is transplanted to the anterior surface of the patient's cornea. A lamellar disc from a donor cornea is placed over the de-epithelialized host cornea and sutured into a prepared groove on the host cornea. Indications include...

--- keratoplasty, penetrating --- dacryocystorhinostomy

Dacryocystorhinostomy

Dacryocystorhinostomy is a surgical procedure to restore the flow of tears into the nose from the lacrimal sac when the nasolacrimal duct does not function.-Traditional:...

--- eye enucleation --- eye evisceration --- filtering surgery --- sclerostomy --- trabeculectomy

Trabeculectomy

Trabeculectomy is a surgical procedure used in the treatment of glaucoma to relieve intraocular pressure by removing part of the eye's trabecular meshwork and adjacent structures. It is the most common glaucoma surgery performed and allows drainage of aqueous humor from within the eye to underneath...

--- iridectomy

Iridectomy

An iridectomy, also known as a surgical iridectomy or corectomy, is the surgical removal of part of the iris. These procedures are most frequently performed in the treatment of closed-angle glaucoma and iris melanoma....

--- keratectomy, photorefractive, excimer laser --- keratotomy, radial --- keratomileusis, laser in situ --- lens implantation, intraocular --- light coagulation --- laser coagulation --- orbit evisceration --- scleral buckling --- scleroplasty --- vitrectomy

Vitrectomy

Vitrectomy is a surgery to remove some or all of the vitreous humor from the eye. Anterior vitrectomy entails removing small portions of the vitreous from the front structures of the eye—often because these are tangled in an intraocular lens or other structures...

--- oral surgical procedures

--- apicoectomy

Apicoectomy

A root end surgery, also known as apicoectomy , is an endodontic surgical procedure whereby a tooth's root tip is removed and a root end cavity is prepared and filled with a biocompatible material....

--- gingivectomy

Gingivectomy

A gingivectomy is a periodontal surgical procedure which includes the removal of gingival tissue in order to achieve a more aesthetic appearance and/or functional contour. The procedure is particularly useful if the gingival tissues have become enlarged, e.g. due to certain medications...

--- gingivoplasty

Gingivoplasty

Gingivoplasty is the process by which the gingiva are reshaped to correct deformities....

--- glossectomy

Glossectomy

A glossectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the tongue. It is performed in order to curtail malignant growth such as oral cancer. Often only a portion of the tongue needs to be removed, in which case the procedure is called a hemiglossectomy....

--- jaw fixation techniques --- mandibular advancement --- maxillofacial prosthesis implantation --- mandibular prosthesis implantation --- oral surgical procedures, preprosthetic --- alveolar ridge augmentation --- alveolectomy --- alveoloplasty --- dental implantation --- dental implantation, endosseous --- blade implantation --- dental implantation, endosseous, endodontic --- dental implantation, subperiosteal --- vestibuloplasty --- osteotomy, le fort --- tooth extraction --- serial extraction --- tooth replantation

--- orthopedic procedures

--- amputation

Amputation

Amputation is the removal of a body extremity by trauma, prolonged constriction, or surgery. As a surgical measure, it is used to control pain or a disease process in the affected limb, such as malignancy or gangrene. In some cases, it is carried out on individuals as a preventative surgery for...

--- disarticulation

Disarticulation

In medical terminology, disarticulation is the separation of two bones at their joint, either naturally by way of injury or by a surgeon during amputation....

--- hemipelvectomy

Hemipelvectomy

A hemipelvectomy is a high level pelvic amputation. Along with hip disarticulations, hemipelvectomies are the rarest of lower extremity amputations. In some cases, an internal hemipelvectomy can be performed, which is a limb-sparing procedure. A complete hemipelvectomy, however, is the...

--- arthrodesis

Arthrodesis

Arthrodesis, also known as artificial ankylosis or syndesis, is the artificial induction of joint ossification between two bones via surgery. This is done to relieve intractable pain in a joint which cannot be managed by pain medication, splints, or other normally-indicated treatments. The typical...

--- spinal fusion

Spinal fusion

Spinal fusion, also known as spondylodesis or spondylosyndesis, is a surgical technique used to join two or more vertebrae. Supplementary bone tissue, either from the patient or a donor , is used in conjunction with the body's natural bone growth processes to fuse the vertebrae.Fusing of the...

--- arthroplasty

Arthroplasty

Arthroplasty is an operative procedure of orthopedic surgery performed, in which the arthritic or dysfunctional joint surface is replaced with something better or by remodeling or realigning the joint by osteotomy or some other procedure.-Background:Previously, a popular form of arthroplasty was...

--- arthroplasty, replacement --- arthroplasty, replacement, finger --- arthroplasty, replacement, hip --- arthroplasty, replacement, knee --- arthroscopy

Arthroscopy

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure in which an examination and sometimes treatment of damage of the interior of a joint is performed using an arthroscope, a type of endoscope that is inserted into the joint through a small incision...

--- bone lengthening --- ilizarov technique --- osteogenesis, distraction --- bone transplantation --- bone-patellar tendon-bone graft --- diskectomy --- diskectomy, percutaneous --- fracture fixation --- fracture fixation, internal --- fracture fixation, intramedullary --- ilizarov technique --- limb salvage --- osteotomy

Osteotomy

An osteotomy is a surgical operation whereby a bone is cut to shorten, lengthen, or change its alignment. It is sometimes performed to correct a hallux valgus, or to straighten a bone that has healed crookedly following a fracture. It is also used to correct a coxa vara, genu valgum, and genu varum...

--- osteotomy, le fort --- tendon transfer

Tendon transfer

A Tendon transfer is a surgical process in which the insertion of a tendon is moved, but the origin remains in the same location....

--- traction

Traction

- Engineering :*Forces:** Traction , adhesive friction or force in the context of vehicle** Traction vector, in mechanics, the force per unit area on a surface, including normal and shear components...

--- ostomy

--- cystostomy --- dacryocystorhinostomy

Dacryocystorhinostomy

Dacryocystorhinostomy is a surgical procedure to restore the flow of tears into the nose from the lacrimal sac when the nasolacrimal duct does not function.-Traditional:...

--- enterostomy --- cecostomy --- colostomy

Colostomy

--- duodenostomy --- ileostomy

Ileostomy

--- jejunostomy

Jejunostomy

--- esophagostomy --- gastrostomy

Gastrostomy

Gastrostomy refers to a surgical opening into the stomach. Creation of an artificial external opening into the stomach for nutritional support or gastrointestinal compression....

--- middle ear ventilation --- nephrostomy, percutaneous --- pharyngostomy --- sclerostomy --- thoracostomy --- tracheostomy --- ureterostomy

Ureterostomy

A ureterostomy is the creation of a stoma for a ureter or kidney.The procedure is performed to divert the flow of urine away from the bladder when the bladder is not functioning or has been removed.Indications may include:...

--- otorhinolaryngologic surgical procedures

--- adenoidectomy

Adenoidectomy

Adenoidectomy is the surgical removal of the adenoids. They may be removed for several reasons, including impaired breathing through the nose and chronic infections or earaches. The surgery is less common for adults. It is most often done on an outpatient basis under general anesthesia....

--- laryngectomy

Laryngectomy

Laryngectomy is the removal of the larynx and separation of the airway from the mouth, nose and esophagus. The laryngectomee breathes through an opening in the neck, a stoma. This procedure is usually performed in cases of laryngeal cancer...

--- laryngoscopy

Laryngoscopy

Laryngoscopy is a medical procedure that is used to obtain a view of the vocal folds and the glottis. Laryngoscopy may be performed to facilitate tracheal intubation during general anesthesia or cardiopulmonary resuscitation or for procedures on the larynx or other parts of the upper...

--- neck dissection

Neck dissection

--- otologic surgical procedures --- auditory brain stem implantation --- cochlear implantation --- endolymphatic shunt --- fenestration, labyrinth --- middle ear ventilation --- myringoplasty --- ossicular replacement --- stapes surgery --- stapes mobilization --- tympanoplasty

Tympanoplasty

Tympanoplasty is the surgical operation performed for the reconstruction of the eardrum and/or the small bones of the middle ear .-Classification:...

--- pharyngectomy --- pharyngostomy --- rhinoplasty

Rhinoplasty

Rhinoplasty , also nose job, is a plastic surgery procedure for correcting and reconstructing the form, restoring the functions, and aesthetically enhancing the nose, by resolving nasal trauma , congenital defect, respiratory impediment, and a failed primary rhinoplasty...

--- tonsillectomy

Tonsillectomy

A tonsillectomy is a 3,000-year-old surgical procedure in which the tonsils are removed from either side of the throat. The procedure is performed in response to cases of repeated occurrence of acute tonsillitis or adenoiditis, obstructive sleep apnea, nasal airway obstruction, snoring, or...

--- tracheostomy --- tracheotomy

Tracheotomy

Among the oldest described surgical procedures, tracheotomy consists of making an incision on the anterior aspect of the neck and opening a direct airway through an incision in the trachea...

--- paracentesis
Paracentesis
Paracentesis is a medical procedure involving needle drainage of fluid from a body cavity, most commonly the peritoneal cavity in the abdomen.A related procedure is thoracocentesis, which is needle drainage of the chest cavity...

--- amniocentesis

Amniocentesis

Amniocentesis is a medical procedure used in prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities and fetal infections, in which a small amount of amniotic fluid, which contains fetal tissues, is sampled from the amnion or amniotic sac surrounding a developing fetus, and the fetal DNA is examined for...

--- pericardiocentesis

Pericardiocentesis

--- postoperative period

--- anesthesia recovery period

--- preoperative care

--- preanesthetic medication

--- prosthesis implantation

--- arthroplasty, replacement --- arthroplasty, replacement, finger --- arthroplasty, replacement, hip --- arthroplasty, replacement, knee --- auditory brain stem implantation --- blood vessel prosthesis implantation --- breast implantation --- cochlear implantation --- dental implantation --- heart valve prosthesis implantation --- maxillofacial prosthesis implantation --- mandibular prosthesis implantation --- ossicular replacement --- penile implantation

--- reconstructive surgical procedures

--- blepharoplasty

Blepharoplasty

--- cervicoplasty --- chemexfoliation --- dermabrasion

Dermabrasion

Dermabrasion is a surgical procedure that involves the controlled abrasion of the upper layers of the skin with sandpaper or other mechanical means. Nowadays it has become common to use CO2 or Erbium:YAG laser as well. The procedure requires a local anaesthetic...

--- guided tissue regeneration --- guided tissue regeneration, periodontal --- limb salvage --- lipectomy --- mammaplasty --- breast implantation --- rhinoplasty

Rhinoplasty

--- rhytidoplasty --- scleroplasty --- tissue expansion

Tissue expansion

Tissue expansion is a technique used by plastic and restorative surgeons to cause the body to grow additional skin, bone or other tissues.-Skin expansion:...

--- surgical procedures, minimally invasive

--- endoscopy

Endoscopy

Endoscopy means looking inside and typically refers to looking inside the body for medical reasons using an endoscope , an instrument used to examine the interior of a hollow organ or cavity of the body. Unlike most other medical imaging devices, endoscopes are inserted directly into the organ...

--- angioscopy

Angioscopy

--- arthroscopy

Arthroscopy

--- bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopy is a technique of visualizing the inside of the airways for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. An instrument is inserted into the airways, usually through the nose or mouth, or occasionally through a tracheostomy. This allows the practitioner to examine the patient's airways for...

--- colposcopy

Colposcopy

--- culdoscopy

Culdoscopy

--- cystoscopy

Cystoscopy

Cystoscopy is endoscopy of the urinary bladder via the urethra. It is carried out with a cystoscope.Diagnostic cystoscopy is usually carried out with local anaesthesia...

--- endoscopy, digestive system --- cholangiopancreatography, endoscopic retrograde --- endoscopy, gastrointestinal --- colonoscopy

Colonoscopy

--- sigmoidoscopy

Sigmoidoscopy

--- duodenoscopy --- gastroscopy --- proctoscopy

Proctoscopy

--- sphincterotomy, endoscopic --- esophagoscopy --- fetoscopy

Fetoscopy

--- hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy

--- laparoscopy

Laparoscopy

Laparoscopy is an operation performed in the abdomen or pelvis through small incisions with the aid of a camera...

--- cholecystectomy, laparoscopic --- laryngoscopy

Laryngoscopy

--- mediastinoscopy

Mediastinoscopy

Mediastinoscopy is a procedure that enables visualization of the contents of the mediastinum, usually for the purpose of obtaining a biopsy. Mediastinoscopy is often used for staging of lymph nodes of lung cancer or for diagnosing other conditions affecting structures in the mediastinum such as...

--- neuroendoscopy --- thoracoscopy

Thoracoscopy

Thoracoscopy is a medical procedure involving internal examination, biopsy, and/or resection of disease or masses within the pleural cavity and thoracic cavity...

--- thoracic surgery, video-assisted --- ureteroscopy

Ureteroscopy

Ureteroscopy is an examination of the upper urinary tract, usually performed with an endoscope that is passed through the urethra, bladder, and then directly into the ureter...

--- video-assisted surgery --- thoracic surgery, video-assisted

--- thoracic surgical procedures

--- cardiac surgical procedures --- cardiomyoplasty

Cardiomyoplasty

--- heart arrest, induced --- circulatory arrest, deep hypothermia induced --- heart bypass, right --- fontan procedure

Fontan procedure

--- heart massage --- heart transplantation

Heart transplantation

Pericardiectomy

--- pericardiocentesis

Pericardiocentesis

--- mediastinoscopy

Mediastinoscopy

--- pulmonary surgical procedures --- bronchoscopy

Bronchoscopy

--- collapse therapy --- pneumonolysis

Pneumonolysis

Pneumonolysis is the separation of an adherent lung from the pleura, to permit collapse of the lung. It was formerly used to treat tuberculosis....

--- pneumothorax, artificial --- lung transplantation

Lung transplantation

Lung transplantation, or pulmonary transplantation is a surgical procedure in which a patient's diseased lungs are partially or totally replaced by lungs which come from a donor...

--- heart-lung transplantation --- pneumonectomy

Pneumonectomy

A pneumonectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a lung. Removal of just one lobe of the lung is specifically referred to as a lobectomy, and that of a segment of the lung as a wedge resection .-Indications:...

--- pneumonolysis

Pneumonolysis

Pneumonolysis is the separation of an adherent lung from the pleura, to permit collapse of the lung. It was formerly used to treat tuberculosis....

--- thoracoplasty --- thoracoscopy

Thoracoscopy

Thoracoscopy is a medical procedure involving internal examination, biopsy, and/or resection of disease or masses within the pleural cavity and thoracic cavity...

--- thoracic surgery, video-assisted --- thoracostomy --- thoracotomy

Thoracotomy

Thoracotomy is an incision into the pleural space of the chest. It is performed by a surgeon, and, rarely, by emergency physicians, to gain access to the thoracic organs, most commonly the heart, the lungs, the esophagus or thoracic aorta, or for access to the anterior spine such as is necessary...

--- thymectomy

Thymectomy

A thymectomy is an operation to remove the thymus. It usually results in remission of myasthenia gravis with the help of medication including steroids...

--- tracheostomy --- tracheotomy

Tracheotomy

Among the oldest described surgical procedures, tracheotomy consists of making an incision on the anterior aspect of the neck and opening a direct airway through an incision in the trachea...

--- tissue and organ harvesting

--- donor selection

--- transplantation

--- cell transplantation --- islets of langerhans transplantation --- stem cell transplantation --- bone marrow transplantation --- cord blood stem cell transplantation --- hematopoietic stem cell transplantation --- mesenchymal stem cell transplantation --- peripheral blood stem cell transplantation --- cold ischemia --- organ transplantation --- bone transplantation --- bone-patellar tendon-bone graft --- heart transplantation

Heart transplantation

--- heart-lung transplantation --- kidney transplantation

Kidney transplantation

Kidney transplantation or renal transplantation is the organ transplant of a kidney into a patient with end-stage renal disease. Kidney transplantation is typically classified as deceased-donor or living-donor transplantation depending on the source of the donor organ...

--- liver transplantation

Liver transplantation

--- lung transplantation

Lung transplantation

Lung transplantation, or pulmonary transplantation is a surgical procedure in which a patient's diseased lungs are partially or totally replaced by lungs which come from a donor...

--- heart-lung transplantation --- pancreas transplantation

Pancreas transplantation

--- replantation

Replantation

Replantation is the surgical reattachment of a body part by microsurgical means, most commonly a finger, hand or arm, that has been completely cut from a person's body...

--- tooth replantation --- tissue transplantation --- bone marrow transplantation --- brain tissue transplantation --- corneal transplantation --- epikeratophakia

Epikeratophakia

--- keratoplasty, penetrating --- fetal tissue transplantation --- liver transplantation

Liver transplantation

--- skin transplantation --- transplantation, autologous --- transplantation, heterologous --- transplantation, heterotopic --- transplantation, homologous --- transplantation, isogeneic --- warm ischemia

--- urogenital surgical procedures

--- castration

Castration

Castration is any action, surgical, chemical, or otherwise, by which a male loses the functions of the testicles or a female loses the functions of the ovaries.-Humans:...

--- orchiectomy --- ovariectomy --- gynecologic surgical procedures --- circumcision, female --- colposcopy

Colposcopy

--- colpotomy --- culdoscopy

Culdoscopy

--- dilatation and curettage --- vacuum curettage --- hysterectomy

Hysterectomy

A hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus, usually performed by a gynecologist. Hysterectomy may be total or partial...

--- hysterectomy, vaginal --- hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy

--- ovariectomy --- salpingostomy --- sterilization, tubal --- sterilization, reproductive --- sterilization, involuntary --- sterilization reversal --- vasovasostomy

Vasovasostomy

Vasovasostomy is a surgery by which vasectomies are partially reversed. Another surgery for vasectomy reversal is vasoepididymostomy.-Limitations:...

--- sterilization, tubal --- vasectomy

Vasectomy

Vasectomy is a surgical procedure for male sterilization and/or permanent birth control. During the procedure, the vasa deferentia of a man are severed, and then tied/sealed in a manner such to prevent sperm from entering into the seminal stream...

--- urologic surgical procedures --- cystectomy

Cystectomy

Cystectomy is a medical term for surgical removal of all or part of the urinary bladder. It may also be rarely used to refer to the removal of a cyst, or the gallbladder. The most common condition warranting removal of the urinary bladder is bladder cancer. After the bladder has been removed, an...

--- kidney transplantation

Kidney transplantation

--- cystoscopy

Cystoscopy

Cystoscopy is endoscopy of the urinary bladder via the urethra. It is carried out with a cystoscope.Diagnostic cystoscopy is usually carried out with local anaesthesia...

--- nephrectomy

Nephrectomy

Nephrectomy is the surgical removal of a kidney.-History:The first successful nephrectomy was performed by the German surgeon Gustav Simon on August 2, 1869 in Heidelberg. Simon practiced the operation beforehand in animal experiments...

--- ureteroscopy

Ureteroscopy

Ureteroscopy is an examination of the upper urinary tract, usually performed with an endoscope that is passed through the urethra, bladder, and then directly into the ureter...

--- urinary diversion

Urinary diversion

Urinary diversion is any one of several surgical procedures to reroute urine flow from its normal pathway. It may be necessary for diseased or defective ureters, bladder or urethra, either temporarily or permanently...

--- cystostomy --- nephrostomy, percutaneous --- ureterostomy

Ureterostomy

--- urologic surgical procedures, male --- circumcision

Circumcision

Male circumcision is the surgical removal of some or all of the foreskin from the penis. The word "circumcision" comes from Latin and ....

--- orchiectomy --- penile implantation --- prostatectomy

Prostatectomy

A prostatectomy is the surgical removal of all or part of the prostate gland. Abnormalities of the prostate, such as a tumour, or if the gland itself becomes enlarged for any reason, can restrict the normal flow of urine along the urethra....

--- transurethral resection of prostate --- ultrasound, high-intensity focused, transrectal --- vasectomy

Vasectomy

--- vasovasostomy

Vasovasostomy

Vasovasostomy is a surgery by which vasectomies are partially reversed. Another surgery for vasectomy reversal is vasoepididymostomy.-Limitations:...

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.

--- anastomosis, surgical

--- assisted circulation

--- body modification, non-therapeutic

--- cardiovascular surgical procedures

--- curettageCurettageCurettage, in medical procedures, is the use of a curette to remove tissue by scraping or scooping.Curettages are also a declining method of abortion. It has been replaced by vacuum aspiration over the last decade....

--- digestive system surgical procedures

--- endocrine surgical procedures

--- extracorporeal circulation

--- laser surgeryLaser surgeryLaser surgery is surgery using a laser to cut tissue instead of a scalpel. Examples include the use of a laser scalpel in otherwise conventional surgery, and soft tissue laser surgery, in which the laser beam vaporizes soft tissue with high water content...

--- lymph node excision

--- obstetric surgical procedures

--- neurosurgical procedures

--- ophthalmologic surgical procedures

--- oral surgical procedures

--- orthopedic procedures

--- ostomy

--- otorhinolaryngologic surgical procedures

--- paracentesisParacentesisParacentesis is a medical procedure involving needle drainage of fluid from a body cavity, most commonly the peritoneal cavity in the abdomen.A related procedure is thoracocentesis, which is needle drainage of the chest cavity...

--- postoperative period

--- preoperative care

--- prosthesis implantation

--- reconstructive surgical procedures

--- surgical procedures, minimally invasive

--- thoracic surgical procedures

--- tissue and organ harvesting

--- transplantation

--- urogenital surgical procedures

--- curettage
Curettage
Curettage, in medical procedures, is the use of a curette to remove tissue by scraping or scooping.Curettages are also a declining method of abortion. It has been replaced by vacuum aspiration over the last decade....

--- laser surgery
Laser surgery
Laser surgery is surgery using a laser to cut tissue instead of a scalpel. Examples include the use of a laser scalpel in otherwise conventional surgery, and soft tissue laser surgery, in which the laser beam vaporizes soft tissue with high water content...

--- paracentesis
Paracentesis
Paracentesis is a medical procedure involving needle drainage of fluid from a body cavity, most commonly the peritoneal cavity in the abdomen.A related procedure is thoracocentesis, which is needle drainage of the chest cavity...