List of National Wildlife Refuges established for endangered species

This is a list of National Wildlife Refuge

National Wildlife Refuge

National Wildlife Refuge is a designation for certain protected areas of the United States managed by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service. The National Wildlife Refuge System is the world's premiere system of public lands and waters set aside to conserve America's fish, wildlife and plants...

s (NWR) established specifically for the protection of one or more endangered species

Endangered species

An endangered species is a population of organisms which is at risk of becoming extinct because it is either few in numbers, or threatened by changing environmental or predation parameters...

State	Unit name	Species of concern	Unit area (acres)
Alabama Alabama Alabama is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama ranks 30th in total land area and ranks second in the size of its inland...	Sauta Cave NWR Sauta Cave National Wildlife Refuge Sauta Cave National Wildlife Refuge is a 264 acre National Wildlife Refuge located in northeastern Alabama, near the Sauty Creek embayment of Guntersville Lake....	Indiana bat Indiana bat The Indiana bat is a medium-sized mouse-eared bat native to North America. It lives primarily in eastern and midwestern states and in parts of the south of the United States. The Indiana bat is gray, black, or chestnut in colour and is 1.2–2 inches and weighs about 1/4 an ounce... , Gray bat Gray Bat Myotis grisescens once flourished in caves all over the southeastern United States, but due to human disturbance, Gray Bat populations declined severely during the early and mid portion of the 20th century. At one cave alone, the Georgetown Cave in Northwestern Alabama, populations declined from...	264
\| Fern Cave NWR Fern Cave National Wildlife Refuge Fern Cave National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge located in northeastern Alabama, near Paint Rock, Alabama in Jackson County....	Indiana bat Indiana bat The Indiana bat is a medium-sized mouse-eared bat native to North America. It lives primarily in eastern and midwestern states and in parts of the south of the United States. The Indiana bat is gray, black, or chestnut in colour and is 1.2–2 inches and weighs about 1/4 an ounce... , Gray bat Gray Bat Myotis grisescens once flourished in caves all over the southeastern United States, but due to human disturbance, Gray Bat populations declined severely during the early and mid portion of the 20th century. At one cave alone, the Georgetown Cave in Northwestern Alabama, populations declined from...	199
\| Key Cave NWR Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge is a 1,060 acre National Wildlife Refuge located in northwestern Alabama, along the Tennessee River downstream from Florence, Alabama. Additional purchases are under negotiation which will increase the size of the refuge to 1,800 acres .More than 6,000 visitors...	Alabama cavefish Alabama cavefish The Alabama cavefish, Speoplatyrhinus poulsoni, is a critically endangered type of cavefish which lives in underground pools in Key Cave, located in northwestern Alabama, United States in the Key Cave National Wildlife Refuge... , Gray bat Gray Bat Myotis grisescens once flourished in caves all over the southeastern United States, but due to human disturbance, Gray Bat populations declined severely during the early and mid portion of the 20th century. At one cave alone, the Georgetown Cave in Northwestern Alabama, populations declined from...	1,060
\| Watercress Darter NWR Watercress Darter National Wildlife Refuge Watercress Darter National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge located in Jefferson County, Alabama, within the city limits of Bessemer. Watercress Darter NWR consists of a pond known as Thomas Spring which is essential to the survival of the endangered watercress darter. A second pond...	watercress darter Watercress darter The watercress darter is a small colorful fish which lives in the Black Warrior River drainage basin near Birmingham, Alabama. The largest known female is 2.5 inches in length...	25
Arizona Arizona Arizona ; is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the western United States and the mountain west. The capital and largest city is Phoenix...	Buenos Aires NWR Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge provides of habitat for threatened and endangered plants and animals. The refuge was established in 1985.-Natural history:...	Masked Bobwhite Quail Bobwhite Quail The Northern Bobwhite, Virginia Quail or Bobwhite Quail is a ground-dwelling bird native to the United States, Mexico, and the Caribbean...	116,585
\| Leslie Canyon NWR Leslie Canyon National Wildlife Refuge The Leslie Canyon National Wildlife Refuge area was established in 1988 to protect habitat for the endangered Yaqui Chub and Yaqui Topminnow...	Gila Topminnow, Yaqui Chub Yaqui Chub The Yaqui Chub is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family.It is found in Northern Mexico and the United States. The Yaqui Chub is a medium-sized minnow fish that historically occurred in streams of Rios Matape, Sonora, and the Yaqui systems of Sonora, Mexico. It is one of the five... , Peregrine Falcon Peregrine Falcon The Peregrine Falcon , also known as the Peregrine, and historically as the Duck Hawk in North America, is a widespread bird of prey in the family Falconidae. A large, crow-sized falcon, it has a blue-gray back, barred white underparts, and a black head and "moustache"...	2,765
\| San Bernardino NWR San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge The San Bernardino National Wildlife Refuge is located on the U.S.-Mexican border in Cochise County, Arizona. Situated at 3,720 to elevation in the bottom of a wide valley, the refuge encompasses a portion of the headquarters of the Yaqui River, which drains primarily western Chihuahua and eastern...	Gila Topminnow, Yaqui Chub Yaqui Chub The Yaqui Chub is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family.It is found in Northern Mexico and the United States. The Yaqui Chub is a medium-sized minnow fish that historically occurred in streams of Rios Matape, Sonora, and the Yaqui systems of Sonora, Mexico. It is one of the five... , Yaqui catfish, Beautiful Shiner Beautiful Shiner The Beautiful Shiner is a species of ray-finned fish in the Cyprinidae family.It is found in Mexico and Arizona and New Mexico in the United States. It is one of 22 species of Cyprinidae that live in North America.... , Huachuca Water Umbel	2,369
Arkansas Arkansas Arkansas is a state located in the southern region of the United States. Its name is an Algonquian name of the Quapaw Indians. Arkansas shares borders with six states , and its eastern border is largely defined by the Mississippi River...	Logan Cave NWR Logan Cave National Wildlife Refuge Logan Cave National Wildlife Refuge in Benton County, Arkansas became the 455th National Wildlife Refuge on March 14, 1989 under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. This Ozark Mountain refuge, which includes a limestone-solution cave, is located west of Fayetteville, Arkansas and approximately ...	Cave crayfish, Gray bat Gray Bat Myotis grisescens once flourished in caves all over the southeastern United States, but due to human disturbance, Gray Bat populations declined severely during the early and mid portion of the 20th century. At one cave alone, the Georgetown Cave in Northwestern Alabama, populations declined from... , Indiana bat Indiana bat The Indiana bat is a medium-sized mouse-eared bat native to North America. It lives primarily in eastern and midwestern states and in parts of the south of the United States. The Indiana bat is gray, black, or chestnut in colour and is 1.2–2 inches and weighs about 1/4 an ounce... , Ozark cavefish Ozark Cavefish The Ozark cavefish, Amblyopsis rosae, is a small subterranean freshwater fish native to the United States. It has been listed as a threatened species in the United States since 1984, the IUCN lists the species as vulnerable. While the Ozark cavefish is listed as threatened by the U.S...	124
California California California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...	Antioch Dunes NWR Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge is a sensitive sand dune habitat located near the city of Antioch, California on the south shore of the San Joaquin River. It serves as a refuge for three endangered species of plants and insects, and is closed to the public except for tours and events...	Lange's Metalmark Butterfly Riodinidae The Riodinidae are a family of butterflies. The common name "metalmarks" refers to the small metallic-looking spots commonly found on their wings. There are approximately 1,000 species of metalmark butterflies in the world... , Antioch Dunes Evening-primrose Oenothera Oenothera is a Genus of about 125 species of annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous flowering plants, native to North and South America. It is the type genus of the family Onagraceae, the Evening Primrose Family. Common names include evening-primrose, suncups, and sundrops.The species vary in... , Contra Costa Wallflower	55
\| Bitter Creek NWR Bitter Creek National Wildlife Refuge The Bitter Creek National Wildlife Refuge is located in the foothills of the southwestern San Joaquin Valley in Kern County, California. The refuge is one of four units of the Hopper Mountain National Wildlife Refuge Complex for California condors....	California Condor California Condor The California Condor is a New World vulture, the largest North American land bird. Currently, this condor inhabits only the Grand Canyon area, Zion National Park, and coastal mountains of central and southern California and northern Baja California...	14,054
\| Blue Ridge NWR Blue Ridge National Wildlife Refuge Blue Ridge National Wildlife Refuge is located in the Sierra Nevada, in Tulare County, California. The refuge is one of four units of the Hopper Mountain National Wildlife Refuge Complex for California condors.-Geography:...	California Condor California Condor The California Condor is a New World vulture, the largest North American land bird. Currently, this condor inhabits only the Grand Canyon area, Zion National Park, and coastal mountains of central and southern California and northern Baja California...	897
\| Castle Rock NWR Castle Rock National Wildlife Refuge Castle Rock National Wildlife Refuge is half a mile offshore from Crescent City in northern California. This coastal rock covers approximately , and rises steeply above sea level. The refuge provides an important sanctuary for Aleutian Canada geese and nesting seabirds.It is, in fact, known as the...	Aleutian Canada Goose Canada Goose The Canada Goose is a wild goose belonging to the genus Branta, which is native to arctic and temperate regions of North America, having a black head and neck, white patches on the face, and a brownish-gray body....	14
\| Coachella Valley NWR Coachella Valley National Wildlife Refuge Coachella Valley National Wildlife Refuge is a protected area in the Coachella Valley, located east of Palm Springs near Palm Desert, California...	Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard The Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard is a species of phrynosomatid lizard.-Conservation status:It is listed as an endangered species in California, a threatened species in the United States, and the IUCN classifies it as endangered.-Habitat:The Coachella Valley fringe-toed lizard is restricted...	3,592
\| Don Edwards San Francisco Bay NWR Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge is a US National Wildlife Refuge located in the southern part of San Francisco Bay, California. The Refuge headquarters and visitor center is located in the Baylands district of Fremont, next to Coyote Hills Regional Park, in Alameda County. ...	California Clapper Rail California Clapper Rail The California Clapper Rail is an endangered subspecies of the Clapper Rail . It is found principally in California's San Francisco Bay, and also in Monterey Bay and Morro Bay... , California Least Tern California Least Tern The Least Tern is a species of tern that breeds in North America and locally in northern South America. It is closely related to, and was formerly often considered conspecific with, the Little Tern of the Old World... , Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse The Salt Marsh Harvest Mouse , also known as the Red-bellied Harvest Mouse and some times called by Saltmarsh Harvest Mouse, is an endangered rodent endemic to the San Francisco Bay Area salt marshes in California. There are two distinct subspecies, both endangered and listed together on federal...	21,524
\| Ellicott Slough NWR Ellicott Slough National Wildlife Refuge Ellicott Slough National Wildlife Refuge is located in Santa Cruz County, California within the Monterey Bay area. The refuge, established in 1975 to protect the endangered Santa Cruz long-toed salamander, supports two of the eight known breeding populations of the salamander.The threatened...	Santa Cruz Long-toed Salamander Santa Cruz Long-toed Salamander The Santa Cruz long-toed salamander is an endangered subspecies of the long-toed salamander, which is found only close to a few isolated ponds in Santa Cruz County and Monterey County, California. It has a black body, broken yellow or orange irregular striping along its spine, and a tail fin well...	139
\| Hopper Mountain NWR Hopper Mountain National Wildlife Refuge Hopper Mountain National Wildlife Refuge is located in Ventura County, in southern California. It is bordered by the Los Padres National Forest and the Sespe Condor Sanctuary to the north. The refuge was established in 1974 to protect the endangered California condor, its habitat, and other...	California Condor California Condor The California Condor is a New World vulture, the largest North American land bird. Currently, this condor inhabits only the Grand Canyon area, Zion National Park, and coastal mountains of central and southern California and northern Baja California...	2,471
\| Sacramento River NWR Sacramento River National Wildlife Refuge Sacramento River National Wildlife Refuge is located along the Sacramento River in the Sacramento Valley of California. Landscape is very flat, bordered by the Sierra and Coast ranges, with intensive agriculture...	Valley Elderberry Longhorn Beetle Longhorn beetle The longhorn beetles are a cosmopolitan family of beetles, typically characterized by extremely long antennae, which are often as long as or longer than the beetle's body... , Bald Eagle Bald Eagle The Bald Eagle is a bird of prey found in North America. It is the national bird and symbol of the United States of America. This sea eagle has two known sub-species and forms a species pair with the White-tailed Eagle... , Least Bell's Vireo Bell's Vireo The Bell's Vireo is a small North American songbird. It is 4-3/4 to 5 inches in length, dull olive-gray above and whitish below...	7,884
\| San Diego NWR San Diego National Wildlife Refuge San Diego National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge in California. It is part of the San Diego National Wildlife Refuge Complex.A variety of habitats from coastal sage scrub and chaparral to oak woodland and freshwater marsh describe this inland refuge in San Diego's backcountry.The...	San Diego Fairy Shrimp Fairy shrimp Anostraca is one of the four orders of crustaceans in the class Branchiopoda; its members are also known as fairy shrimp. They are usually long . Most species have 20 body segments, bearing 11 pairs of leaf-like phyllopodia , and the body lacks a carapace... , San Diego mesa mint, Otay Mesa Mint, California Orcutt Grass, San Diego Button-celery	1,840
\| San Joaquin River NWR San Joaquin River National Wildlife Refuge The San Joaquin River National Wildlife Refuge encompasses more than of riparian woodlands, wetlands, and grasslands that host a diversity of wildlife native to California's Central Valley...	Aleutian Canada Goose Canada Goose The Canada Goose is a wild goose belonging to the genus Branta, which is native to arctic and temperate regions of North America, having a black head and neck, white patches on the face, and a brownish-gray body....	1,638
\| Seal Beach NWR Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge The Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge is a wildlife refuge encompassing located in the California coastal community of Seal Beach. Although it is located in Orange County it is included as part of the San Diego National Wildlife Refuge Complex...	Light-footed Clapper Rail California Clapper Rail The California Clapper Rail is an endangered subspecies of the Clapper Rail . It is found principally in California's San Francisco Bay, and also in Monterey Bay and Morro Bay... , California Least Tern California Least Tern The Least Tern is a species of tern that breeds in North America and locally in northern South America. It is closely related to, and was formerly often considered conspecific with, the Little Tern of the Old World...	911
	Sweetwater Marsh NWR	Light-footed Clapper Rail California Clapper Rail The California Clapper Rail is an endangered subspecies of the Clapper Rail . It is found principally in California's San Francisco Bay, and also in Monterey Bay and Morro Bay...	316
\| Tijuana Slough NWR Tijuana Slough National Wildlife Refuge Tijuana Slough National Wildlife Refuge is located in the most southwestern corner of the contiguous United States. It is part of the San Diego National Wildlife Refuge Complex. It was established in 1980....	Light-footed Clapper Rail California Clapper Rail The California Clapper Rail is an endangered subspecies of the Clapper Rail . It is found principally in California's San Francisco Bay, and also in Monterey Bay and Morro Bay...	1,023
Florida Florida Florida is a state in the southeastern United States, located on the nation's Atlantic and Gulf coasts. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia and to the east by the Atlantic Ocean. With a population of 18,801,310 as measured by the 2010 census, it...	Archie Carr NWR Archie Carr National Wildlife Refuge The Archie Carr National Wildlife Refuge is part of the United States National Wildlife Refuge System, located along a twenty mile section of coastline from Melbourne Beach to Wabasso Beach, Florida along Florida State Road A1A. The 900 acre refuge was established in 1991, to protect the...	Loggerhead Sea Turtle Loggerhead Sea Turtle The loggerhead sea turtle , or loggerhead, is an oceanic turtle distributed throughout the world. It is a marine reptile, belonging to the family Cheloniidae. The average loggerhead measures around long when fully grown, although larger specimens of up to have been discovered... , Green Sea Turtle Green Sea Turtle The Green sea turtle or green turtle is a large sea turtle of the family Cheloniidae. It is the only species in the genus Chelonia. Its range extends throughout tropical and subtropical seas around the world, with two distinct populations in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans...	29
\| Crocodile Lake NWR Crocodile Lake National Wildlife Refuge The Crocodile Lake National Wildlife Refuge is part of the United States National Wildlife Refuge System, located in north Key Largo, less than 40 miles south of Miami off SR 905...	American Crocodile American Crocodile The American crocodile is a species of crocodilian found in the Neotropics. It is the most widespread of the four extant species of crocodiles from the Americas. Populations occur from the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of southern Mexico to South America as far as Peru and Venezuela. It also lives...	6,686
\| Crystal River NWR Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge The Crystal River National Wildlife Refuge is part of the United States National Wildlife Refuge System, located in Kings Bay, in the town of Crystal River, and consists of 20 islands and several small parcels of land. The refuge was established in 1983, to protect the West Indian Manatee...	West Indian Manatee West Indian Manatee The West Indian Manatee is a manatee, and the largest surviving member of the aquatic mammal order Sirenia . The West Indian Manatee, Trichechus manatus, is a species distinct from the Amazonian Manatee, T. inunguis, and the West African Manatee, T. senegalensis...	80
\| Florida Panther NWR Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge The Florida Panther National Wildlife Refuge is part of the United States National Wildlife Refuge System, located in southwestern Florida, twenty miles east of Naples, in the upper segment of the Fakahatchee Strand of the Big Cypress Swamp...	Florida Panther Florida Panther The Florida panther is an endangered subspecies of cougar that lives in forests and swamps of southern Florida in the United States. Its current taxonomic status is unresolved, but recent genetic research alone does not alter the legal conservation status...	23,379
\| Hobe Sound NWR Hobe Sound National Wildlife Refuge The Hobe Sound National Wildlife Refuge, a part of the United States National Wildlife Refuge System, is located on Jupiter Island in Florida. Part of the refuge is inside the town of Jupiter Island, while the rest is in the unincorporated aress of Martin County. The refuge was established in...	Loggerhead Sea Turtle Loggerhead Sea Turtle The loggerhead sea turtle , or loggerhead, is an oceanic turtle distributed throughout the world. It is a marine reptile, belonging to the family Cheloniidae. The average loggerhead measures around long when fully grown, although larger specimens of up to have been discovered... , Green Sea Turtle Green Sea Turtle The Green sea turtle or green turtle is a large sea turtle of the family Cheloniidae. It is the only species in the genus Chelonia. Its range extends throughout tropical and subtropical seas around the world, with two distinct populations in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans...	980
\| Lake Wales Ridge NWR Lake Wales Ridge National Wildlife Refuge The Lake Wales Ridge National Wildlife Refuge is part of the United States National Wildlife Refuge System, located in four separated areas on the Lake Wales Ridge east of US 27 between Davenport and Sebring Florida. The 1,194 acre refuge was established in 1990, to protect a host of plants and...	Florida Scrub Jay Florida Scrub Jay The Florida Scrub-Jay is one of the species of scrub-jay native to North America. It is the only species of bird endemic to the U.S. state of Florida. Because of this, it is heavily sought by birders who travel from across the country to observe this unique species... , Snakeroot Snakeroot Ageratina is a genus of about 250–290 perennials and rounded shrubs in the sunflower family .These plants grow mainly in the warmer regions of the Americas. Over 150 species are native to Mexico. Some flourish in the cooler areas of the eastern United States. Two Mexican species have become a pest... , Scrub Blazing Star, Carter's Mustard, Papery Whitlow-wort, Florida Bonamia, Scrub Lupine Bush lupin Bush lupin or Bush lupine is a common name applied to a number of shrubby species of lupin:Lupinus albifrons Silver bush lupineLupinus arboreus Yellow bush lupineLupinus chamissonis Chamisso bush lupine... , Highlands Scrub Hypericum, Garett's Mint, Scrub Mint, Pygmy Gringe-tree, Wireweed Wireweed Wireweed may refer to any of several genera of plants, including: Polygonella* Rigiopappus* Sida... , Florida Ziziphus Ziziphus Ziziphus is a genus of about 40 species of spiny shrubs and small trees in the buckthorn family, Rhamnaceae, distributed in the warm-temperate and subtropical regions throughout the world. The leaves are alternate, entire, with three prominent basal veins, and long; some species are deciduous,... , Scrub Plum, Eastern Indigo Snake Indigo snake The eastern indigo snake is a large nonvenomous snake with an even blue-black coloration, with some specimens having a reddish-orange to tan color on the throat, cheek and chin. This smooth- scaled snake is considered to be the largest native snake species in the United States with the longest... , Bluetail Mole Skink Mole Skink The Mole Skink is a species of small lizard living in the Southeastern United States.-Taxonomy:The species is subdivided into five subspecies:... , Sand Skink	659
\| National Key Deer Refuge National Key Deer Refuge The National Key Deer Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge located on Big Pine Key and No Name Key in the Florida Keys in Monroe County, Florida....	Key Deer Key Deer The Key Deer is an endangered deer that lives only in the Florida Keys. It is a subspecies of the White-tailed deer .-Physical description and behavior:...	8,542
\| St. Johns NWR St. Johns National Wildlife Refuge The St. Johns National Wildlife Refuge is part of the United States National Wildlife Refuge System, located off SR 50 just west of Titusville. The 6,255 acre refuge was established in 1971 to protect the now extinct Dusky Seaside Sparrow, Ammodramus maritimus nigrescens. It is administered as...	Dusky Seaside Sparrow Dusky Seaside Sparrow The Dusky Seaside Sparrow, Ammodramus maritimus nigrescens, was a non-migratory subspecies of the Seaside Sparrow, found in Southern Florida in the natural salt marshes of Merritt Island and along the St. Johns River...	6,255
Hawaii Hawaii Hawaii is the newest of the 50 U.S. states , and is the only U.S. state made up entirely of islands. It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia, occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean, southwest of the continental United States, southeast of Japan, and northeast of...	Hakalau Forest NWR Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge is a protected area on the Big Island of Hawaii. It is one of two units, along with the Kona Forest National Wildlife Refuge that is managed as part of the Big Island National Wildlife Refuge Complex...	Akepa, Akiapolaau, 'O'u, Hawaiian Hawk Hawaiian Hawk The Hawaiian Hawk or Io, Buteo solitarius, is a raptor of the Buteo genus endemic to Hawaii. Buteos tend to be easily recognized by their bulky bodies relative to their overall length and wingspan. The Io is the only hawk that is native to Hawaii, and fossil evidence indicates that it inhabited... , Hawaiian Creeper	32,730
\| Hanalei NWR Hanalei National Wildlife Refuge The Hanalei National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge on the island of Kauai in Hawaii. It is located within the Hanalei River Valley along the island's northern shore...	Hawaiian Stilt, Hawaiian Coot Hawaiian Coot The Hawaiian Coot or alae keokeo is a species of bird in the rail family, Rallidae, that is endemic to Hawaii.... , Hawaiian Moorhen Moorhen Moorhens, sometimes called marsh hens, are medium-sized water birds that are members of the rail family Rallidae. They constitute the genus Gallinula.... , Hawaiian Duck Hawaiian Duck The Hawaiian Duck is a species of bird in the family Anatidae. It is endemic to the large islands of Hawaii. Some authorities treat it as an island subspecies of the Mallard, based on their capacity to produce fertile hybrids, but it appears well distinct and capability of hybridization is...	917
\| Huleia NWR Huleia National Wildlife Refuge The Hulēia National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge on the island of Kauai in Hawaii. It is adjacent to the Menehune Fish Pond, a registered National Historic Landmark, on the southeast side of the island. The Hulēia Refuge is approximately of bottomlands and wooded slopes along the...	Hawaiian Stilt, Hawaiian Coot Hawaiian Coot The Hawaiian Coot or alae keokeo is a species of bird in the rail family, Rallidae, that is endemic to Hawaii.... , Hawaiian Moorhen Moorhen Moorhens, sometimes called marsh hens, are medium-sized water birds that are members of the rail family Rallidae. They constitute the genus Gallinula.... , Hawaiian Duck Hawaiian Duck The Hawaiian Duck is a species of bird in the family Anatidae. It is endemic to the large islands of Hawaii. Some authorities treat it as an island subspecies of the Mallard, based on their capacity to produce fertile hybrids, but it appears well distinct and capability of hybridization is...	241
\| James C. Campbell NWR	Hawaiian Stilt, Hawaiian Coot Hawaiian Coot The Hawaiian Coot or alae keokeo is a species of bird in the rail family, Rallidae, that is endemic to Hawaii.... , Hawaiian Moorhen Moorhen Moorhens, sometimes called marsh hens, are medium-sized water birds that are members of the rail family Rallidae. They constitute the genus Gallinula.... , Hawaiian Duck Hawaiian Duck The Hawaiian Duck is a species of bird in the family Anatidae. It is endemic to the large islands of Hawaii. Some authorities treat it as an island subspecies of the Mallard, based on their capacity to produce fertile hybrids, but it appears well distinct and capability of hybridization is...	164
\| Kakahaia NWR Kakahaia National Wildlife Refuge Kakahaia National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1977 to permanently protect wetland habitat for endangered endemic waterbirds and wintering migratory wetland birds and to maintain the structural integrity of an ancient Hawaiian fishpond.-Location:...	Hawaiian Stilt, Hawaiian Coot Hawaiian Coot The Hawaiian Coot or alae keokeo is a species of bird in the rail family, Rallidae, that is endemic to Hawaii....	45
\| Kealia Pond NWR Kealia Pond National Wildlife Refuge -External links:***...	Hawaiian Stilt, Hawaiian Coot Hawaiian Coot The Hawaiian Coot or alae keokeo is a species of bird in the rail family, Rallidae, that is endemic to Hawaii....	691
\| Pearl Harbor NWR Pearl Harbor National Wildlife Refuge The Pearl Harbor National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge on the island of Oahu, Hawaii. It was created in 1972 to mitigate the wildlife resource disturbances caused by construction of the Honolulu International Airport Reef Runway. The Refuge includes three units, the Honouliuli,...	Hawaiian Stilt	61
Iowa Iowa Iowa is a state located in the Midwestern United States, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland". It derives its name from the Ioway people, one of the many American Indian tribes that occupied the state at the time of European exploration. Iowa was a part of the French colony of New...	Driftless Area NWR Driftless Area National Wildlife Refuge Driftless Area National Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge in northeastern Iowa, southwestern Wisconsin and northwestern Illinois...	Iowa Pleistocene Snail	521
Massachusetts Massachusetts The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010...	Massasoit NWR Massasoit National Wildlife Refuge Massasoit National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1983 to conserve the Federally endangered Plymouth Red-bellied Turtle, as well as other wildlife and plant species. The Refuge encompasses in Plymouth, Massachusetts...	Plymouth Red-bellied Turtle	184
Michigan Michigan Michigan is a U.S. state located in the Great Lakes Region of the United States of America. The name Michigan is the French form of the Ojibwa word mishigamaa, meaning "large water" or "large lake"....	Kirtlands Warbler Wildlife Management Area Kirtlands Warbler Wildlife Management Area The Kirtlands Warbler Wildlife Management Area is administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and is located in northern Michigan....	Kirtland's Warbler Kirtland's Warbler Kirtland's Warbler is a small songbird of the New World warbler family , named after Jared P. Kirtland, an Ohio doctor and amateur naturalist. Nearly extinct just 50 years ago, it is well on its way to recovery. It requires large areas of dense young jack pine for its breeding habitat...	6,535
Mississippi Mississippi Mississippi is a U.S. state located in the Southern United States. Jackson is the state capital and largest city. The name of the state derives from the Mississippi River, which flows along its western boundary, whose name comes from the Ojibwe word misi-ziibi...	Mississippi Sandhill Crane NWR Mississippi Sandhill Crane National Wildlife Refuge The Mississippi Sandhill Crane National Wildlife Refuge was established in 1975 to safeguard the endangered Mississippi sandhill crane and its unique disappearing wet pine savanna habitat. The refuge consists of more than in four units and is now part of the Gulf Coast National Wildlife Refuge...	Mississippi Sandhill Crane	19,713
Missouri Missouri Missouri is a US state located in the Midwestern United States, bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas and Nebraska. With a 2010 population of 5,988,927, Missouri is the 18th most populous state in the nation and the fifth most populous in the Midwest. It...	Ozark Cavefish NWR Ozark Cavefish National Wildlife Refuge The Ozark Cavefish National Wildlife Refuge is a 40 acre National Wildlife Refuge located in Lawrence County, Missouri, twenty miles west of Springfield...	Ozark Cavefish Ozark Cavefish The Ozark cavefish, Amblyopsis rosae, is a small subterranean freshwater fish native to the United States. It has been listed as a threatened species in the United States since 1984, the IUCN lists the species as vulnerable. While the Ozark cavefish is listed as threatened by the U.S...	42
\| Pilot Knob NWR	Indiana bat Indiana bat The Indiana bat is a medium-sized mouse-eared bat native to North America. It lives primarily in eastern and midwestern states and in parts of the south of the United States. The Indiana bat is gray, black, or chestnut in colour and is 1.2–2 inches and weighs about 1/4 an ounce...	90
Nebraska Nebraska Nebraska is a state on the Great Plains of the Midwestern United States. The state's capital is Lincoln and its largest city is Omaha, on the Missouri River....	Karl E. Mundt NWR Karl E. Mundt National Wildlife Refuge Karl E. Mundt National Wildlife Refuge is located mostly in the southern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota, with a small extension into northern Nebraska, and includes 1,085 acres The refuge is a part of the Lake Andes National Wildlife Refuge Complex and is managed by the U.S. Fish and...	Bald Eagle Bald Eagle The Bald Eagle is a bird of prey found in North America. It is the national bird and symbol of the United States of America. This sea eagle has two known sub-species and forms a species pair with the White-tailed Eagle...	19
Nevada Nevada Nevada is a state in the western, mountain west, and southwestern regions of the United States. With an area of and a population of about 2.7 million, it is the 7th-largest and 35th-most populous state. Over two-thirds of Nevada's people live in the Las Vegas metropolitan area, which contains its...	Ash Meadows NWR Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge The Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge is a protected wildlife refuge, administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, located west-northwest of Las Vegas, Nevada, in southern Nye County...	Devil's Hole Pupfish Devil's Hole pupfish The Devil's Hole pupfish, Cyprinodon diabolis, is a species of fish native to Devil's Hole, a geothermal , aquifer-fed pool within a limestone cavern, in the Amargosa Pupfish Station of the Desert National Wildlife Refuge Complex east of Death Valley National Park.-Physical description:The Devil's... , Warm Springs Pupfish, Ash Meadows Amargosa Pupfish, Ash Meadows Speckled Dace Dace A dace is any of a number of species of small fish. The unmodified name is usually a reference to the Common Dace . This, like most fishes called "daces", belongs to the family Cyprinidae, mostly in subfamily Leuciscinae.... , Ash Meadows Naucorid, Ash Meadows Blazing Star, Amargosa Niterwort, Ash Meadows Milk-Vetch Astragalus Astragalus is a large genus of about 3,000 species of herbs and small shrubs, belonging to the legume family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere... , Ash Meadows Sunray, Spring-loving Centaury Centaurium Centaurium is a genus of 20 species in the gentian family , tribe Chironieae, subtribe Chironiinae. The genus was named after the centaur Chiron, famed in Greek mythology for his skill in medicinal herbs... , Ash Meadows Gumplant, Ash Meadows Invesia	13,268
\| Moapa Valley NWR Moapa Valley National Wildlife Refuge The Moapa Valley National Wildlife Refuge is a protected wildlife refuge administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, located in the Warm Springs Natural Area in the Moapa Valley of Clark County, Nevada...	Moapa Dace Dace A dace is any of a number of species of small fish. The unmodified name is usually a reference to the Common Dace . This, like most fishes called "daces", belongs to the family Cyprinidae, mostly in subfamily Leuciscinae....	32
Oklahoma Oklahoma Oklahoma is a state located in the South Central region of the United States of America. With an estimated 3,751,351 residents as of the 2010 census and a land area of 68,667 square miles , Oklahoma is the 28th most populous and 20th-largest state...	Ozark Plateau NWR Ozark Plateau National Wildlife Refuge Originally known as the Oklahoma Bat Caves National Wildlife Refuge, Ozark Plateau National Wildlife Refuge was established for the protection of endangered bats and their habitat. The refuge is made up of several parcels of land located in northeastern Oklahoma...	Ozark Big-eared Bat Ozark Big-Eared Bat The Ozark Big-Eared Bat is one of the five subspecies of Corynorhinus townsendii, a species of vesper bat . Their average lifespan is 15 years. Part of the mating ritual of these bats includes nuzzling heads... , Gray Bat Gray Bat Myotis grisescens once flourished in caves all over the southeastern United States, but due to human disturbance, Gray Bat populations declined severely during the early and mid portion of the 20th century. At one cave alone, the Georgetown Cave in Northwestern Alabama, populations declined from...	2,208
Oregon Oregon Oregon is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. It is located on the Pacific coast, with Washington to the north, California to the south, Nevada on the southeast and Idaho to the east. The Columbia and Snake rivers delineate much of Oregon's northern and eastern...	Bear Valley NWR Bear Valley National Wildlife Refuge The Bear Valley National Wildlife Refuge is a wildlife refuge located in the southwestern part of Klamath County, Oregon, near the California border. It was established in 1978 to protect the nesting areas of Bald Eagles...	Bald Eagle Bald Eagle The Bald Eagle is a bird of prey found in North America. It is the national bird and symbol of the United States of America. This sea eagle has two known sub-species and forms a species pair with the White-tailed Eagle...	4,200
\| Julia Butler Hansen Refuge for the Columbian White-tail Deer	Columbian white-tailed deer Columbian White-tailed Deer The Columbian White-tailed Deer is one of the three subspecies of white-tailed deer in North America...	2,750
\| Nestucca Bay NWR Nestucca Bay National Wildlife Refuge Nestucca Bay National Wildlife Refuge is a U.S. National Wildlife Refuge on Oregon's coast. It is located in southern Tillamook County, on the state's northern coast. It is one of six National Wildlife Refuges comprising the Oregon Coast National Wildlife Refuge Complex and supports one tenth of...	Aleutian Canada Goose Canada Goose The Canada Goose is a wild goose belonging to the genus Branta, which is native to arctic and temperate regions of North America, having a black head and neck, white patches on the face, and a brownish-gray body....	457
South Dakota South Dakota South Dakota is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States. It is named after the Lakota and Dakota Sioux American Indian tribes. Once a part of Dakota Territory, South Dakota became a state on November 2, 1889. The state has an area of and an estimated population of just over...	Karl E. Mundt NWR Karl E. Mundt National Wildlife Refuge Karl E. Mundt National Wildlife Refuge is located mostly in the southern part of the U.S. state of South Dakota, with a small extension into northern Nebraska, and includes 1,085 acres The refuge is a part of the Lake Andes National Wildlife Refuge Complex and is managed by the U.S. Fish and...	Bald Eagle Bald Eagle The Bald Eagle is a bird of prey found in North America. It is the national bird and symbol of the United States of America. This sea eagle has two known sub-species and forms a species pair with the White-tailed Eagle...	1,044
Texas Texas Texas is the second largest U.S. state by both area and population, and the largest state by area in the contiguous United States.The name, based on the Caddo word "Tejas" meaning "friends" or "allies", was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in...	Attwater Prairie Chicken NWR Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge Attwater Prairie Chicken National Wildlife Refuge, is a federally protected refugium encompassing one of the largest remnants of coastal prairie habitat remaining in southeast Texas, United States and home to one of the last populations of the critically endangered Attwater's Prairie Chicken, a...	Attwater's Greater Prairie Chicken Attwater's Prairie Chicken Attwater's Prairie Chicken is a highly endangered subspecies of the Greater Prairie Chicken that is native to coastal Texas and Louisiana in the United States.-Description:...	8,007
\| Balcones Canyonlands NWR Balcones Canyonlands National Wildlife Refuge Balcones Canyonlands is a National Wildlife Refuge located in the Texas Hill Country to the northwest of Austin, Texas. The Refuge was formed in 1992 to conserve habitat for two endangered songbirds including the Golden-cheeked Warbler and the Black-capped Vireo and to preserve Texas Hill Country...	Black-capped Vireo Black-capped Vireo The Black-capped Vireo, Vireo atricapilla, is a small bird native to the United States and Mexico. It has been listed as an endangered species in the United States since 1987. The IUCN lists the species as vulnerable.... , Golden-cheeked Warbler Golden-cheeked Warbler The Golden-cheeked Warbler Dendroica chrysoparia is an endangered species of bird that breeds in Central Texas, from Palo Pinto County southwestward along the eastern and southern edge of the Edwards Plateau to Kinney County...	14,144
US Virgin Islands	Green Cay NWR Green Cay National Wildlife Refuge Green Cay National Wildlife Refuge, just north of Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands, preserves habitat for the largest remaining population of endangered Saint Croix ground lizard . Much smaller populations of ground lizard live on nearby Protestant Cay and on Ruth Island. Its extirpation from the...	St. Croix Ground Lizard	14
\| Sandy Point NWR Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge Sandy Point National Wildlife Refuge preserves habitat for threatened and endangered species, with particular emphasis on the Leatherback Sea Turtle . Its two miles of sandy beaches on the southwest corner of Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands is an ideal nesting place for leatherbacks...	Leatherback Sea Turtle Leatherback Sea Turtle The leatherback sea turtle is the largest of all living sea turtles and the fourth largest modern reptile behind three crocodilians. It is the only living species in the genus Dermochelys. It can easily be differentiated from other modern sea turtles by its lack of a bony shell. Instead, its...	327
Virginia Virginia The Commonwealth of Virginia , is a U.S. state on the Atlantic Coast of the Southern United States. Virginia is nicknamed the "Old Dominion" and sometimes the "Mother of Presidents" after the eight U.S. presidents born there...	James River NWR James River National Wildlife Refuge The James River National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge located along the James River in northeastern Prince George County, Virginia...	Bald Eagle Bald Eagle The Bald Eagle is a bird of prey found in North America. It is the national bird and symbol of the United States of America. This sea eagle has two known sub-species and forms a species pair with the White-tailed Eagle...	4,147
\| Mason Neck NWR Elizabeth Hartwell Mason Neck National Wildlife Refuge Elizabeth Hartwell Mason Neck National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge located on Mason Neck, Virginia, adjacent to Mason Neck State Park and along Belmont Bay...	Bald Eagle Bald Eagle The Bald Eagle is a bird of prey found in North America. It is the national bird and symbol of the United States of America. This sea eagle has two known sub-species and forms a species pair with the White-tailed Eagle...	2,276
Washington	Julia Butler Hansen Refuge for the Columbian White-tail Deer	Columbian white-tailed deer Columbian White-tailed Deer The Columbian White-tailed Deer is one of the three subspecies of white-tailed deer in North America...	2,777
Wyoming Wyoming Wyoming is a state in the mountain region of the Western United States. The western two thirds of the state is covered mostly with the mountain ranges and rangelands in the foothills of the Eastern Rocky Mountains, while the eastern third of the state is high elevation prairie known as the High...	Mortenson Lake NWR Mortenson Lake National Wildlife Refuge Mortenson Lake National Wildlife Refuge is located in southern Albany County in the U.S. state of Wyoming and includes 1,776 acres . The refuge is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service an agency within the U.S. Department of the Interior. Mortensen Lake NWR is a high altitude refuge...	Wyoming Toad Wyoming Toad The Wyoming Toad or Baxter's Toad is an extremely rare amphibian that exists only in captivity and within Mortenson Lake National Wildlife Refuge in the U.S. state of Wyoming. The Wyoming Toad was listed as an endangered species in 1984, and listed as extinct in the wild since 1991...	1,776

See also