List of Portuguese Communists
Encyclopedia
This is a list of persons that are or were supporters or members of the Portuguese Communist Party
.
Portuguese Communist Party
The Portuguese Communist Party is a major left-wing political party in Portugal. It is a Marxist-Leninist party, and its organization is based upon democratic centralism. The party also considers itself to be patriotic and internationalist....
.
General secretaries
- José Carlos RatesJosé Carlos RatesJosé Carlos Rates was one the first General Secretary of the Portuguese Communist Party, after the Party's foundation in 1921. Rates was chosen, in 1923, to lead the Party by the delegate of the Communist International in Portugal, Jules Humbert-Droz, after several problems inside the newly founded...
— (1923– ?) — Carlos Rates was elected after the 1st congress, held in Lisbon in 1923. He was chosen to General Secretary by the delegate of the Communist International in Portugal, Jules Humbert-Droz, after several problems inside the newly founded Party. Later, Bento António Gonçalves would become the Party's General Secretary and criticize Rates' work as the leader of PCP.
- Bento António GonçalvesBento António GonçalvesBento António Gonçalves, GOL was the second Secretary General of the Portuguese Communist Party. He was born in Montalegre, Vila Real District, in the North of Portugal. Not much is known about his childhood. In 1915 he became an apprentice mechanical turner in Lisbon...
— (1929–42) — Elected in 1929, Bento Gonçalves was born in Montalegre, near Bragança, in the North of Portugal. In September 1928 he joined the Portuguese Communist Party and became a member of the cell of the Arsenal of Alfeite. In 1929 he participated in the reorganizing conference that adapted the Party to its illegal status after the military coup of 1926. Soon after, he became Secretary General. He was arrested several times by the political police and sent to the Tarrafal concentration camp, where he died in 1942.
- Álvaro Barreirinhas Cunhal — (1961–92) — Álvaro Cunhal (1913–2005) is considered one of the most influential personalities of the Portuguese 20th Century. Cunhal joined the PCP in 1931 and rapidly became one of the leading members of the Party. Cunhal was elected in 1961 after escaping from the prison in 1960. After the Carnation Revolution he returned and had a major role in the revolutionary process, being minister of several provisional governments. Cunhal had a degree in Law, but was also a writer and a painter. He died in June 2005 and his funeral was attended by an estimated 250.000 people.
- Carlos Alberto Carvalhas — (1992–2004) — Elected in 1992 after being elected assistant General Secretary in the 13th congress, in 1990. Carvalhas (b. 1941) is an economist. After participating in several protests and campaigns against the dictatorship, he became a member of the provisional governments after the Carnation RevolutionCarnation RevolutionThe Carnation Revolution , also referred to as the 25 de Abril , was a military coup started on 25 April 1974, in Lisbon, Portugal, coupled with an unanticipated and extensive campaign of civil resistance...
in 1974/75 with the tasks of the employment. In the 1980s he was member of the European ParliamentEuropean ParliamentThe European Parliament is the directly elected parliamentary institution of the European Union . Together with the Council of the European Union and the Commission, it exercises the legislative function of the EU and it has been described as one of the most powerful legislatures in the world...
and of the Council of EuropeCouncil of EuropeThe Council of Europe is an international organisation promoting co-operation between all countries of Europe in the areas of legal standards, human rights, democratic development, the rule of law and cultural co-operation...
. In 1991 he was the Party's candidate to the presidential electionPortuguese presidential election, 1991The Portuguese presidential election of 1991 was held on January 13.The re-election of the hugely popular Mário Soares was never in doubt, specially after the then-ruling PSD, led by prime-minister Aníbal Cavaco Silva announced its support...
. He was later a member of the Portuguese Parliament for several years.
- Jerónimo Carvalho de Sousa — (2004– ) — Elected after the 17th Congress in 2004, Jerónimo de Sousa (b. 1947) is a former metallurgical worker and still member of the metallurgical workers' union. He was member of the Constituent Assembly and of the subsequent Parliaments and was noted for being among the few MPs with working-class origins, a strange fact at the time, and also today. Jerónimo was also the Party's presidential candidate in 1996Portuguese presidential election, 1996The Portuguese presidential election of 1996 was held on January 14.Incumbent president Mário Soares was constitutionally barred from a third term....
, but left the race giving his support to the Socialist candidate Jorge Sampaio. He was chosen again as presidential candidate again to the election of 2006Portuguese presidential election, 2006The Portuguese presidential election were held on 22 January 2006 to elect a successor to the incumbent President Jorge Sampaio, who was term-limited from running for a third consecutive term by the Constitution of Portugal...
.
Artists
- Adriano Correia de OliveiraAdriano Correia de OliveiraAdriano Maria Correia Gomes de Oliveira, GCIH, ComL, or just Adriano was a Portuguese musician, born to a conservative Roman Catholic family in Porto. His family moved to Avintes after his birth...
- Carlos ParedesCarlos ParedesCarlos Paredes, ComSE, was a virtuoso Portuguese guitar player, born in Coimbra, son of the equally famous Artur Paredes. He is credited with popularising the medium internationally during the 20th century, being frequently considered to be the most talented Portuguese musician in the 20th century...
- Fernanda Lapa
- Fernando Lopes Graça
- José Dias CoelhoJosé Dias CoelhoJosé Dias Coelho was a Portuguese painter and sculptor, an anti-fascist and an important member of the Portuguese Communist Party....
- Manuel FreireManuel FreireManuel Freire is a Portuguese influential left-wing singer and composer, although he also works as a computer technician. Freire was born in Vagos, Aveiro District in 25 April 1942....
- Siza Vieira
Writers
- Alves RedolAlves RedolAntónio Alves Redol was one of the most influential Portuguese neorealist writers. Redol was born in Vila Franca de Xira, an industrial zone near Lisbon. In 1927 he finished school, and in the next year travelled to Angola , where he stayed for three years...
- Ary dos SantosAry dos SantosJosé Carlos Ary dos Santos, GCIH or just Ary dos Santos was one of the most relevant names of the Portuguese popular poetry of the 20th century....
- Augusto da Costa Dias
- José Gomes FerreiraJosé Gomes FerreiraJosé Gomes Ferreira, GOSE, GOL was a Portuguese poet and fiction writer with a vast work of varied influences. Gomes Ferreira was also a political activist that participated in the resistance against the dictatorship of Oliveira Salazar, becoming later a member of the Portuguese Communist Party...
- José SaramagoJosé SaramagoJosé de Sousa Saramago, GColSE was a Nobel-laureate Portuguese novelist, poet, playwright and journalist. His works, some of which can be seen as allegories, commonly present subversive perspectives on historic events, emphasizing the human factor. Harold Bloom has described Saramago as "a...
- Miguel Urbano Rodrigues
- Orlando Costa
- Soeiro Pereira GomesSoeiro Pereira GomesJoaquim Soeiro Pereira Gomes was a Portuguese writer of realist influence and became one of the major names of Portuguese literature of the 20th century. Pereira Gomes is, along with Alves Redol, the biggest name of the Portuguese neo-realist movement...
- Urbano Tavares RodriguesUrbano Tavares RodriguesUrbano Tavares Rodrigues, GCIH is a Portuguese professor of literature, a literary critic and a fiction writer, winner of many literary prizes. He was born in 1923 in Lisbon, Portugal, but spent most of his childhood near Moura, in Alentejo, the Southern region of Portugal...
- Francisco Miguel DuarteFrancisco Miguel DuarteFrancisco Miguel Duarte, also known by the nickname Chico Sapateiro was a Portuguese writer and a regional leader in the Portuguese Communist Party. He was a poet, whose principal subjects are revolution and the Portuguese people...
Anti-fascist resistants
- Alfredo DinisAlfredo DinisAlfredo Dinis, often known by its nom de guerre, "Alex", was a notable Portuguese anti-fascist, member of the Portuguese Communist Party. "Alex" was murdered in 1945 by the PIDE ....
- Ângelo VelosoÂngelo VelosoÂngelo Veloso was a Portuguese politician.A member of the Portuguese Communist Party since the days of the Estado Novo dictatorial fascist regime of António de Oliveira Salazar, Veloso was imprisoned in Peniche for political views...
- António Dias Lourenço
- Alves RedolAlves RedolAntónio Alves Redol was one of the most influential Portuguese neorealist writers. Redol was born in Vila Franca de Xira, an industrial zone near Lisbon. In 1927 he finished school, and in the next year travelled to Angola , where he stayed for three years...
- Catarina EufémiaCatarina EufémiaCatarina Efigénia Sabino Eufémia was an illiterate harvester from Alentejo, Portugal who was murdered during a worker's strike by lieutenant Carrajola of the Guarda Nacional Republicana in Monte do Olival, Baleizão, in Beja, Alentejo...
- José CasanovaJosé CasanovaJosé Casanova was a Peruvian international footballer who played as a midfielder.Casanova died in the 1987 Alianza Lima air disaster.-External links:...
- José VitorianoJosé VitorianoJosé Rodrigues Vitoriano was a Portuguese politician and a major figure in the struggle against the Portuguese fascist regime led by António Oliveira Salazar....
- Júlio FogaçaJúlio FogaçaJúlio de Melo Fogaça was a Portuguese politician and member of the Portuguese Communist Party , who had a major role in the resistance against the dictatorial regime that ruled Portugal from 1926 to 1974....
- Militão RibeiroMilitão RibeiroMilitão Bessa Ribeiro was a Portuguese politician, member of the Portuguese Communist Party, during the illegality, that struggled against the fascist regime of Estado Novo....
- Octávio PatoOctávio PatoOctávio Floriano Rodrigues Pato started working at 14 in a shoe factory. At the same time he also played soccer on S.L. Benfica's youth teams...
Academics
- Bento de Jesus CaraçaBento de Jesus CaraçaBento de Jesus Caraça, GCSE, GOL was an influential Portuguese mathematician, economist and statistician. Caraça was also a member of the Portuguese Communist Party and so, he became one of the most famous personalities in the resistance against the Fascist regime led by António Oliveira...
- José Barata-MouraJosé Barata-MouraJosé Adriano Rodrigues Barata-Moura, ComIH is a Portuguese philosopher, and a prestigious actual figure of the Portuguese culture. Dedicating his thought to many philosophical subjects such as politics, ethics and, most of all, to ontology. From May 7, 1998 until May 22, 2006, Barata-Moura served...
- Mário SacramentoMário SacramentoMário Emílio de Morais Sacramento was a Portuguese physician and essayist that became famous for his antifascist activities against the dictatorial regime led by Oliveira Salazar in Portugal....
- Carlos Aboim InglezCarlos Aboim InglezCarlos Hahnemann Saavedra Aboim Inglez was a Portuguese communist intellectual, militant and leader of the Partido Comunista Português. He entered the party in 1946 ....
Others
- Abílio Fernandes
- António Simões de AbreuAntónio Simões de AbreuAntónio Simões de Abreu, ComL, known simply by António Abreu is a Portuguese engineer and politician.He joined the Portuguese Communist Party in 1969. From 1969 to 1973 he was an active member of the democratic opposition to the Fascist regime of Marcello Caetano...
- Ilda FigueiredoIlda FigueiredoMaria Ilda da Costa Figueiredo is a Portuguese politician and Member of the European Parliament for the Portuguese Communist Party; part of the European United Left–Nordic Green Left group....
- Miguel Madeira
- Odete Santos
- Alexís Jasek
- Pedro GuerreiroPedro GuerreiroPedro Miguel Neves Guerreiro is a Portuguese politician and Member of the European Parliament for the Portuguese Communist Party; part of the European United Left–Nordic Green Left group. He took his seat in the European Parliament on 13 January 2005, replacing Sérgio Ribeiro of the same...
- Sérgio RibeiroSérgio RibeiroSérgio Ribeiro is a Portuguese politician. He was formerly a Member of the European Parliament for the Portuguese Communist Party , having been elected in the 2004 election, but was replaced on 13 January 2005 by Pedro Guerreiro, of the same party.-References:...
- Vasco GonçalvesVasco GonçalvesGeneral Vasco dos Santos Gonçalves was a Portuguese army officer in the Engineering Corps who took part in the Carnation Revolution and later served as the 104th Prime Minister from 18 July 1974 to 19 September 1975....