List of Presidents of Abkhazia
Encyclopedia
The position of President of Abkhazia
was created in 1994. Before the office of president was created the head of state
position was known as the Chairman of Parliament between 1992 and the creation of the 1994 constitution
. Before the position of Chairman of Parliament, the highest office in Abkhazia was the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
. The post would last from the declaration of sovereignty
from the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic on August 25, 1990 until the outright declaration of independence
on July 23, 1992.
Abkhazia
Abkhazia is a disputed political entity on the eastern coast of the Black Sea and the south-western flank of the Caucasus.Abkhazia considers itself an independent state, called the Republic of Abkhazia or Apsny...
was created in 1994. Before the office of president was created the head of state
Head of State
A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
position was known as the Chairman of Parliament between 1992 and the creation of the 1994 constitution
Constitution of Abkhazia
The Constitution of the Republic of Abkhazia was adopted by the Supreme Council of the Republic of Abkhazia of the 12th convocation on November 26, 1994, and by the national referendum on October 3, 1999, with an amendment adopted by the national referendum on the same day.-Structure:The...
. Before the position of Chairman of Parliament, the highest office in Abkhazia was the Chairman of the Supreme Soviet
Supreme Soviet
The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union was the Supreme Soviet in the Soviet Union and the only one with the power to pass constitutional amendments...
. The post would last from the declaration of sovereignty
Sovereignty
Sovereignty is the quality of having supreme, independent authority over a geographic area, such as a territory. It can be found in a power to rule and make law that rests on a political fact for which no purely legal explanation can be provided...
from the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic on August 25, 1990 until the outright declaration of independence
Declaration of independence
A declaration of independence is an assertion of the independence of an aspiring state or states. Such places are usually declared from part or all of the territory of another nation or failed nation, or are breakaway territories from within the larger state...
on July 23, 1992.
Non-Presidential Heads of State
| # | Head of State | Position | Took office | Left office | Party |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Valerian Kobakhiya | Chairman of the Supreme Soviet Supreme Soviet The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union was the Supreme Soviet in the Soviet Union and the only one with the power to pass constitutional amendments... |
August 25, 1990 | December 4, 1990 | Communist Party of Abkhazia Communist Party of Abkhazia The Communist Party of Abkhazia is a political party in the Georgian break-away republic of Abkhazia. The party leader is Lev Shamba.The CPA was founded in March 1921 with the demand of a separate Abkhaz Soviet Republic. It was then led by E. Eshba. Eshba had formed a Bolshevik... |
| 2 | Vladislav Ardzinba Vladislav Ardzinba Vladislav Grigori-ipa Ardzinba was the first President of Abkhazia. A historian by education, Ardzinba led Abkhazia to de facto independence in the 1992-1993 War with Georgia, but its de jure independence from Georgia remained internationally unrecognised during Ardzinba's two terms as President... |
Chairman of the Supreme Soviet | December 4, 1990 | July 23, 1992 | Communist Party of Abkhazia Communist Party of Abkhazia The Communist Party of Abkhazia is a political party in the Georgian break-away republic of Abkhazia. The party leader is Lev Shamba.The CPA was founded in March 1921 with the demand of a separate Abkhaz Soviet Republic. It was then led by E. Eshba. Eshba had formed a Bolshevik... |
| 3 | Vladislav Ardzinba Vladislav Ardzinba Vladislav Grigori-ipa Ardzinba was the first President of Abkhazia. A historian by education, Ardzinba led Abkhazia to de facto independence in the 1992-1993 War with Georgia, but its de jure independence from Georgia remained internationally unrecognised during Ardzinba's two terms as President... |
Chairman of Parliament | July 23, 1992 | November 26, 1994 | (None) |
List of Presidents of Abkhazia
| # | President | Took office | Left office | Party | Vice President(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vladislav Ardzinba Vladislav Ardzinba Vladislav Grigori-ipa Ardzinba was the first President of Abkhazia. A historian by education, Ardzinba led Abkhazia to de facto independence in the 1992-1993 War with Georgia, but its de jure independence from Georgia remained internationally unrecognised during Ardzinba's two terms as President... |
November 26, 1994 | February 12, 2005 | (None) | Valery Arshba Valery Arshba Valery Arshba was the first Vice President of the Republic of Abkhazia. He was first elected to that office on 5 January 1995, under President Vladislav Ardzinba, and the pair was re-elected in the 1999 Presidential election where they ran unopposed... |
| 2 | Sergei Bagapsh Sergei Bagapsh Sergei Uasyl-ipa Bagapsh was the second President of the Republic of Abkhazia. He was Prime Minister from 1997 to 1999 and was later elected as President in 2005. He was re-elected in the 2009 presidential election... |
February 12, 2005 | May 29, 2011 (died in office) |
United Abkhazia United Abkhazia United Abkhazia is a political party in Abkhazia. United Abkhazia was founded on March 25, 2004 as a socio-political movement, with the specific goal of presenting a single opposition candidate for the October 2004 presidential elections.... |
Raul Khadjimba Raul Khadjimba Raul Jumka-ipa Khajimba is a politician from Abkhazia, leading the oppositional Forum of the National Unity of Abkhazia. Until 28 May 2009 Khajimba served as Vice President following the power-sharing agreement reached with current president Sergei Bagapsh to end the crisis that followed the... (2005–2009) Alexander Ankvab Alexander Ankvab Alyksandr Zolotinska-ipa Ankvab is an Abkhaz politician and businessman who has been President of Abkhazia since 2011. Under President Sergei Bagapsh, he previously served as Prime Minister from 2005 to 2010 and Vice-President from 2010 to 2011.... (2009–2011) |
| 3 | Alexander Ankvab Alexander Ankvab Alyksandr Zolotinska-ipa Ankvab is an Abkhaz politician and businessman who has been President of Abkhazia since 2011. Under President Sergei Bagapsh, he previously served as Prime Minister from 2005 to 2010 and Vice-President from 2010 to 2011.... |
May 29, 2011 Acting until September 26, 2011 |
Incumbent | Aitaira United Abkhazia United Abkhazia United Abkhazia is a political party in Abkhazia. United Abkhazia was founded on March 25, 2004 as a socio-political movement, with the specific goal of presenting a single opposition candidate for the October 2004 presidential elections.... |
Mikhail Logua |
See also
- Government of the Republic of AbkhaziaGovernment of the Republic of AbkhaziaThe Government of the Republic of Abkhazia is the de facto political leadership of the partially recognised Republic of Abkhazia.-Executive branch:...
- Prime Minister of Abkhazia
- Minister for Foreign Affairs of Abkhazia