List of Singapore mammals - AbsoluteAstronomy.com

Mammals in Singapore
Singapore
Singapore , officially the Republic of Singapore, is a Southeast Asian city-state off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, north of the equator. An island country made up of 63 islands, it is separated from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor to its north and from Indonesia's Riau Islands by the...

currently number about 50 species. Since the founding of modern Singapore

Founding of modern Singapore

The founding of modern Singapore in 1819 by Sir Stamford Raffles paved the way for Singapore to become a modern port and established its status as a gateway between the Western and Eastern markets....

in 1819, over 90 species have been recorded, including large species such as Tigers, Leopards and Asian Elephants. Most of these have since become extinct largely due to rapid urban development, with occasional large mammals such as Asian Elephants swimming across the Straits of Johor

Straits of Johor

The Straits of Johor is a strait that separates the Malaysian state of Johor to the north from Singapore to the south....

from Johor

Johor

Johor is a Malaysian state, located in the southern portion of Peninsular Malaysia. It is one of the most developed states in Malaysia. The state capital city and royal city of Johor is Johor Bahru, formerly known as Tanjung Puteri...

, Malaysia.

Many surviving species have critically low population numbers, the most seriously endangered being the Cream-coloured Giant Squirrel

Cream-coloured Giant Squirrel

The cream-coloured giant squirrel is a large tree squirrel in the genus Ratufa found in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand. It is probably extinct in Singapore, as no recent sightings have been made...

, last sighted in 1995 and now possibly extinct. The Banded Leaf Monkey

Banded Surili

The banded surili is a species of primate in the Cercopithecidae family. It is endemic to the Thai-Malay Peninsula and the Indonesia island of Sumatra. It is threatened by habitat loss. Three subspecies, femoralis , robinsoni and percura, are recognized here, but the taxonomy is complex and...

is also down to around 30 individuals. However, some species may be rediscovered in more remote parts of the country, such as the Malaysian Porcupine

Malayan Porcupine

The Malayan Porcupine or Himalayan Porcupine is a species of rodent in the family Hystricidae. Three subspecies are extant in South and South-east Asia.-Geographical distribution:...

which was found on Pulau Tekong

Pulau Tekong

Pulau Tekong is the second largest of Singapore's outlying islands with an area of 24.43 km², and the island is still expanding due to land reclamation works on its southern and northwestern coasts which will eventually subsume many of its surrounding small islets, including Pulau Tekong...

in 2005.

The most commonly seen native mammals are the Long-tailed Macaque

Crab-eating Macaque

The Crab-eating macaque is a cercopithecine primate native to Southeast Asia. It is also called the "long-tailed macaque", and is referred to as the "cynomolgus monkey" in laboratories.-Etymology:...

and the Plantain Squirrel. The largest terrestrial mammal that can still be found is the Wild Pig, which is common on the offshore islands of Pulau Ubin

Pulau Ubin

Pulau Ubin is a small island situated in the north east of Singapore, to the west of Pulau Tekong. Granite quarrying supported a few thousand settlers on Pulau Ubin in the 1960s, but only about a hundred villagers live there today...

and Pulau Tekong

Pulau Tekong

, but also found on the mainland. The largest mammals in Singapore, however, are marine creatures such as Dugong

Dugong

The dugong is a large marine mammal which, together with the manatees, is one of four living species of the order Sirenia. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest modern relative, Steller's sea cow , was hunted to extinction in the 18th century...

s and Dolphin

Dolphin

Dolphins are marine mammals that are closely related to whales and porpoises. There are almost forty species of dolphin in 17 genera. They vary in size from and , up to and . They are found worldwide, mostly in the shallower seas of the continental shelves, and are carnivores, mostly eating...

s. The Colugo

Colugo

Colugos are arboreal gliding mammals found in South-east Asia. There are just two extant species, which make up the entire family Cynocephalidae and order Dermoptera. They are the most capable of all gliding mammals, using flaps of extra skin between their legs to glide from higher to lower...

is also doing well, but these are rarely seen due to their elusiveness and camouflage.

Order Insectivora
Insectivora
The order Insectivora is a now-abandoned biological grouping within the class of mammals...

(Insectivores)

Family Soricidae (Shrews)

House Shrew (Suncus murinus
Suncus murinus
The Asian House Shrew , or the Asian Musk Shrew, is a widespread, adaptable species of shrew found mainly in South Asia but introduced widely throughout Asia....

) - Urban
Southeast Asian White-toothed Shrew (Crocidura fuliginosa)

Order Pholidota (Pangolins)

Family Manidae (Pangolins)

Sunda Pangolin (Manis javanica) - Bukit Batok/Bukit Timah/Central Catchment/Pulau Ubin/Pulau Tekong/Western Catchment

Order Carnivora
Carnivora
The diverse order Carnivora |Latin]] carō "flesh", + vorāre "to devour") includes over 260 species of placental mammals. Its members are formally referred to as carnivorans, while the word "carnivore" can refer to any meat-eating animal...

(Carnivores)

Family Herpestidae (Mongooses)

Short-tailed Mongoose (Herpestes brachyurus) (extinct)

Family Viverridae (Civets)

Binturong (Arctictis binturong) - Bukit Panjang/East Coast (escapee?)
Common Palm Civet (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) - Bukit Timah/Central Catchment/Bukit Batok/Pulau Ubin/Pasir Panjang/Kembangan
Three-striped Palm Civet (Arctogalidia trivirgata)
Masked Palm Civet (Paguma larvata) (extinct)
Large Indian Civet (Viverra zibetha)
Large-spotted Civet (Viverra megaspila) (extinct)
Malayan Civet (Viverra tangalunga) (extinct)
Otter Civet (Cynogale bennettii) (extinct)

Family Mustelidae

Mustelidae

Mustelidae , commonly referred to as the weasel family, are a family of carnivorous mammals. Mustelids are diverse and the largest family in the order Carnivora, at least partly because in the past it has been a catch-all category for many early or poorly differentiated taxa...

(Weasels, Otters and relatives)

Small-clawed Otter (Aonyx cinereus) - Western Catchment/Sungei Buloh/Pulau Tekong/Pulau Ubin/Kranji
Smooth Otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) - Western Catchment/Sungei Buloh/Pulau Ubin
Hairy-nosed Otter (Lutra sumatrana) (extinct)

Family Felidae

Felidae

Felidae is the biological family of the cats; a member of this family is called a felid. Felids are the strictest carnivores of the thirteen terrestrial families in the order Carnivora, although the three families of marine mammals comprising the superfamily pinnipedia are as carnivorous as the...

(Cats)

Domestic Cat (Felis silvestris catus)
Leopard Cat (Prionailurus bengalensis) - Bukit Timah/Central Catchment/Pulau Ubin/Pulau Tekong/Western Catchment
Flat-headed Cat (Prionailurus planiceps) (extinct)
Tiger (Panthera tigris) (extinct)
Leopard (Panthera pardus) (extinct)
Clouded Leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) (extinct)

Family Canidae

Canidae

Canidae is the biological family of carnivorous and omnivorous mammals that includes wolves, foxes, jackals, coyotes, and domestic dogs. A member of this family is called a canid . The Canidae family is divided into two tribes: Canini and Vulpini...

(Dogs)

Domestic/Feral Dog (Canis lupus familiaris)

Order Sirenia
Sirenia
Sirenia is an order of fully aquatic, herbivorous mammals that inhabit swamps, rivers, estuaries, marine wetlands, and coastal marine waters. Four species are living, in two families and genera. These are the dugong and manatees...

(Sea cows)

Family Dugongidae

Dugongidae

Dugongidae is a family in the order of Sirenia.The family has one surviving species, the Dugong , one recently extinct species, the Steller's Sea Cow , and a number of extinct genera known from the fossil record....

(Dugong)

Dugong (Dugong dugon) - Pulau Ubin/Pulau Tekong/Changi

Order Proboscidea
Proboscidea
Proboscidea is a taxonomic order containing one living family, Elephantidae, and several extinct families. This order was first described by J. Illiger in 1881 and encompasses the trunked mammals...

(Elephants)

Family Elephantidae

Elephantidae

Elephantidae is a taxonomic family, collectively elephants and mammoths. These are terrestrial large mammals with a trunk and tusks. Most genera and species in the family are extinct...

(Elephants)

Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) (extinct)

Order Perissodactyla (Odd-toed Ungulates)

Family Tapiridae (Tapirs)

Malayan Tapir (Tapirus indicus) (extinct)

Order Cetartiodactyla
Cetartiodactyla
Cetartiodactyla is the clade in which whales and even-toed ungulates have currently been placed. The term was coined by merging the name for the two orders, Cetacea and Artiodactyla, into a single word. The term Cetartiodactyla reflects the idea that whales evolved within the artiodactyls...

(Cetaceans & Even-toed Ungulates)

Family Delphinidae (Marine dolphins)

Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) - Singapore Strait
Common Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) - Singapore Strait
Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin (Sousa chinensis) - Singapore Strait
Irrawaddy Dolphin (Orcaella brevirostris) - Singapore Strait
Risso's Dolphin (Grampus griseus)
Fraser's Dolphin (Lagenodelphis hosei)
False Killer Whale (Pseudorca crassidens) - Tuas
Pantropical Spotted Dolphin (Stenella attenuata)
Spinner Dolphin (Stenella longirostris)

Family Phocoenidae (Porpoises)

Finless Porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides) - Singapore Strait

Family Balaenopteridae (Rorquals)

Sei Whale (Balaenoptera borealis)
Bryde's Whale (Balaenoptera edeni)

Family Suidae

Suidae

Suidae is the biological family to which pigs belong. In addition to numerous fossil species, up to sixteen extant species are currently recognized, classified into between four and eight genera...

(Pigs)

Wild Pig (Sus scrofa) - Western Catchment/Pulau Ubin/Pulau Tekong/Changi/Seletar/Central Catchment

Family Cervidae (Deer)

Sambar (Cervus unicolor) - Central Catchment
Indian Muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak) (extinct)

Family Tragulidae (Mousedeer)

Lesser Mousedeer (Tragulus kanchil) - Bukit Timah/Central Catchment
Greater Mousedeer (Tragulus napu) - Pulau Ubin

Order Rodent
Rodent
Rodentia is an order of mammals also known as rodents, characterised by two continuously growing incisors in the upper and lower jaws which must be kept short by gnawing....

ia (Rodents)

Family Muridae

Muridae

Muridae is the largest family of mammals. It contains over 600 species found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. They have been introduced worldwide. The group includes true mice and rats, gerbils, and relatives....

(Mice and Rats)

House Mouse (Mus musculus) - urban
Norway Rat (Rattus norvegicus) - urban (introduced)
Asian House Rat (Rattus tanezumi) - urban
Black Rat (Rattus rattus) - urban
Polynesian Rat (Rattus exulans)
Malaysian Wood Rat (Rattus tiomanicus)
Singapore Rat (Rattus annandalei) - forests
Brown Spiny Rat (Maxomys rajah)
Red Spiny Rat (Maxomys surifer)

Family Sciuridae (Squirrels)

Plantain Squirrel (Callosciurus notatus) - gardens/forests
Finlayson's or Variable Squirrel (Callosciurus finlaysonii) (introduced) - Woodleigh/Bidadari
Slender Squirrel (Sundasciurus tenuis) - Bukit Timah/Central Catchment
Cream-coloured Giant Squirrel (Ratufa affinis) - (extinct)
Shrew-faced Ground Squirrel (Rhinosciurus laticaudatus)
Red-cheeked Flying Squirrel (Hylopetes spadiceus) - Bukit Timah
Horsfield's Flying Squirrel (Iomys horsfieldii)
Red Giant Flying Squirrel (Petaurista petaurista) (extinct)

Family Hystricidae

Malaysian Porcupine (Hystrix brachyura) - Pulau Tekong

Order Chiroptera (Bats)

Family Pteropodidae (Old World Fruit Bats)

Island Flying Fox (Pteropus hypomelanus) - unverified
Malayan Flying Fox (Pteropus vampyrus)
Geoffroy's Rousette (Rousettus amplexicaudatus) (extinct)
Lesser Dog-faced Fruit Bat (Cynopterus brachyotis) - urban
Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Cynopterus sphinx) - Pulau Tekong (unconfirmed)
Dusky Fruit Bat (Penthetor lucasi) - Bukit Timah/Central Catchment
Common Long-tongued Fruit Bat (Macroglossus minimus)
Cave Nectar Bat (Eonycteris spelaea
Eonycteris spelaea
Cave Nectar Bat , common names also include Dawn Bat, Common Dawn Bat, Common Nectar Bat and Lesser Dawn Bat , is a species of megabat within the genus Eonycteris. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montanes and caves, and it is threatened by habitat loss. E...

)

Family Emballonuridae (Sheath-tailed Bats)

Lesser Sheath-tailed Bat (Emballonura monticola)
Black-bearded Tomb Bat (Taphozous melanopogon)
Pouched Tomb Bat (Saccolaimus saccolaimus)

Family Nycteridae

Nycteridae

Nycteridae is the family of slit-faced or hollow-faced bats. They are grouped in a single genus, Nycteris. The bats are found in East Malaysia, Indonesia and many parts of Africa....

(Hollow-faced Bats)

Southeast Asian Hollow-faced Bat (Nycteris tragata)

Family Megadermatidae

Megadermatidae

Megadermatidae, or False Vampire Bats, are a family of bats found from central Africa, eastwards through southern Asia, and into Australia. They are relatively large bats, ranging from 6.5 cm to 14 cm in head-body length. They have large eyes, very large ears and a prominent nose-leaf. They have a...

(False Vampires)

Lesser False Vampire (Megaderma spasma)

Family Rhinolophidae (Horseshoe Bats)

Glossy Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus lepidus)
Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus luctus)
Lesser Woolly Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus sedulus
Rhinolophus sedulus
The Lesser Woolly Horseshoe Bat is a species of bat in the Rhinolophidae family. It is found in Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia.-References:* Chiroptera Specialist Group 1996. . Downloaded on 30 July 2007....

) (extinct)
Lesser Brown Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus stheno) (extinct)
Trefoil Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus trifoliatus)

Family Hipposideridae (Old World Leaf-nosed Bats)

Bicolored Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros bicolor) - Bukit Timah
Fawn Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros cervinus) (extinct)
Ridley's Roundleaf Bat (Hipposideros ridleyi) (extinct)

Family Vespertilionidae (Evening Bats)

Hardwicke's Woolly Bat (Kerivoula hardwickii) - Central Catchment
Whiskered Myotis (Myotis muricola)
Singapore Whiskered Bat (Myotis oreias) - endemic to Singapore but possibly globally extinct
Grey Large-footed Myotis (Myotis adversus)
Asiatic Lesser Yellow Bat (Scotophilus kuhlii)
Lesser Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris pachypus)
Greater Bamboo Bat (Tylonycteris robustula)
Javan Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus javanicus) - Ayer Rajah
Narrow-winged Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus stenopterus) - Bukit Timah
Brown Tube-nosed Bat (Murina suilla)

Family Molossidae (Free-tailed Bats)

Naked Bulldog Bat (Cheiromeles torquatus
Cheiromeles
There are only two species in the genus Cheiromeles. They are commonly referred to as Naked Bats, Hairless Bats, or Naked Bulldog Bats, as they are almost completely devoid of hair, except for very fine coat on the tail, head, and in a collar about the neck.The skin is remarkably thickened, black...

) - Bukit Timah
Wrinkle-lipped Free-tailed Bat (Chaerephon plicatus) (extinct)

Order Scandentia (Treeshrews)

Family Tupaiidae

Tupaiidae

Tupaiidae is one of two families of treeshrews, the other family being Ptilocercidae. It contains 4 genera and 19 species.-Taxonomy:*Order: Scandentia** Family Tupaiidae*** Genus Anathana**** Madras Treeshrew, Anathana ellioti...

(Treeshrews)

Common Treeshrew (Tupaia glis) - Bukit Timah/Central Catchment

Order Dermoptera (Colugo)

Family Cynocephalidae (Colugo)

Malayan Colugo or Malayan Flying Lemur (Cynocephalus variegatus) - Bukit Timah/Central Catchment

Order Primates (Primates)

Family Lorisidae

Lorisidae

Lorisidae is a family of strepsirrhine primates. The lorisids are all slim arboreal animals and include the lorises, pottos and angwantibos. Lorisids live in tropical, central Africa as well as in south and southeast Asia....

(Lorises)

Slow Loris (Nycticebus coucang) - Bukit Timah/Central Catchment/Pulau Tekong

Family Cercopithecidae (Old World Monkeys)

Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis) - Bukit Timah/Central Catchment/Pulau Ubin/Sisters Islands/Western Catchment
Pig-tailed Macaque (Macaca nemestrina) (extinct)
Banded Leaf Monkey (Presbytis femoralis) - around 30 left in Central Catchment
Silvered Leaf Monkey (Trachypithecus cristatus) (extinct)
Dusky Leaf Monkey (Trachypithecus obscurus) - Kent Ridge (escapee)

Family Hominidae

Hominidae

The Hominidae or include them .), as the term is used here, form a taxonomic family, including four extant genera: chimpanzees , gorillas , humans , and orangutans ....

(Great Apes)

Human (Homo sapiens)

Note: (extinct) means locally extinct in Singapore.

External links

http://www.wildsingapore.per.sg/discovery/mammalia.htm
http://www.nbrcnparks.org/pdf/Bio_List_Mammal.pdf
http://www.ecologyasia.com/html-menu/species-list.htm#Mammalia
http://www.iucnredlist.org/
http://arcbc.org/cgi-bin/abiss.exe/ldnew?ld=sp_search.htm
http://www.nparks.gov.sg/cms/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=130&Itemid=128

The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.

Order InsectivoraInsectivoraThe order Insectivora is a now-abandoned biological grouping within the class of mammals... (Insectivores)