List of Troglobites
Encyclopedia
A troglobite
is an animal that lives entirely in the dark parts of cave
s. Troglobites are typically identified by evolutionary traits that suit them for cave life such as loss of sight and skin pigment or slow metabolism. They are typically incapable or surviving outside of caves and as such are often endemic to a single cave or system of caves. Creatures such as cave-dwelling bats
or cave swallows
are not considered troglobites because they leave caves in order to acquire food.
s sleep in caves during the day and hunt at night, but they are classified as troglophiles or trogloxene
s.
Troglobite
Troglobites are small cave-dwelling animals that have adapted to their dark surroundings. Troglobite species include spiders, insects, fish and others. They live permanently underground and cannot survive outside the cave environment. Troglobite adaptations and characteristics include a heightened...
is an animal that lives entirely in the dark parts of cave
Cave
A cave or cavern is a natural underground space large enough for a human to enter. The term applies to natural cavities some part of which is in total darkness. The word cave also includes smaller spaces like rock shelters, sea caves, and grottos.Speleology is the science of exploration and study...
s. Troglobites are typically identified by evolutionary traits that suit them for cave life such as loss of sight and skin pigment or slow metabolism. They are typically incapable or surviving outside of caves and as such are often endemic to a single cave or system of caves. Creatures such as cave-dwelling bats
Bat
Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera "hand" and pteron "wing") whose forelimbs form webbed wings, making them the only mammals naturally capable of true and sustained flight. By contrast, other mammals said to fly, such as flying squirrels, gliding possums, and colugos, glide rather than fly,...
or cave swallows
Cave Swallow
The Cave Swallow, Petrochelidon fulva, is a medium-sized, squarish tailed swallow belonging to the same genus as the more familiar and widespread Cliff Swallow of North America...
are not considered troglobites because they leave caves in order to acquire food.
Mollusks
- Tumbling Creek cavesnailTumbling Creek cavesnailThe Tumbling Creek cavesnail, Antrobia culveri, is a species of freshwater cave snail with gills and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Cochliopidae.Antrobia culveri is the only species in the genus Antrobia....
(Antrobia culveri) - Cave physaCave physaThe cave physa, scientific name Physella spelunca, is a species of small, air-breathing, freshwater snail, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Physidae. It lives only in caves.This species is endemic to the United States....
(Physella spelunca) - Phantom cave snailPhantom cave snailThe phantom cave snail or phantom cavesnail is a species of very small freshwater snail with an operculum, an aquatic gastropod in the family Hydrobiidae.- Distribution :...
(Cochliopa texana) - Mimic cavesnailMimic cavesnailThe mimic cavesnail, scientific name Phreatodrobia imitata, is a species of very small or minute freshwater snail with a gill and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Lithoglyphidae.- Distribution:...
(Phreatodrobia imitata)
Arachnids
- Kauaʻi cave wolf spider (Adelocosa anops)
- Nelson cave spider (Spelungula cavernicola)
- Harvestman (Calicina cloughensis)
- Bee Creek Cave HarvestmanTexella reddelliTexella reddelli, the Bee Creek cave harvestman, is a rare species of troglobitic harvestman that was added to the United States endangered species list in 1988, at the same time as six other species native to the karst ecosystem in Travis County and Williamson County, Texas, USA...
(Texella reddelli)
Crustaceans
- Alabama cave shrimpAlabama cave shrimpThe Alabama cave shrimp, Palaemonias alabamae, is a species of shrimp in the family Atyidae, found only in caves in the state of Alabama.-Conservation status:...
(Palaemonias alabamae) - Bigcheek cave crayfish (Procambarus delicatus)
- Kauaʻi cave sandhopperSpelaeorchestia koloanaSpelaeorchestia koloana, the Kauai cave amphipod or in Hawaiian, is a cave-dwelling crustacean only found on the Hawaiian island of Kauai. It is eyeless and measures long. It is only known from five populations, and eats decaying plant matter and other decomposing material.The Kauai cave amphipod...
(Spelaeorchestia koloana) - Phantom cave crayfish (Procambarus pecki)
- Typhlocaris
Mammals
There are no known mammals that live exclusively in caves. Most batBat
Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera "hand" and pteron "wing") whose forelimbs form webbed wings, making them the only mammals naturally capable of true and sustained flight. By contrast, other mammals said to fly, such as flying squirrels, gliding possums, and colugos, glide rather than fly,...
s sleep in caves during the day and hunt at night, but they are classified as troglophiles or trogloxene
Trogloxene
Trogloxenes are species which live close to caves or at the very entrance of the cave. Cliff swallows, cave swallows, cave swiftlets, reticulated pythons, rats, bats, bears, raccoons and humans are considered to be trogloxenes...
s.